I-synthesized milk: Umjaho wokukhiqiza ubisi olukhule elebhu

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• September 14, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ubisi oluhlanganisiwe, oludalwe kumalebhu ngokusebenzisa amasu ayinkimbinkimbi, luguqula imakethe yobisi ngokunikeza ubisi olungenazilwane noshizi ezinye izindlela. Naphezu kwezinselelo zokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko eziphezulu, le mikhiqizo izuza amandla ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwesidingo sabathengi sezinketho zezimiso zokuziphatha kanye nemvelo ezinobungani. Lolu shintsho luholela ezinguqukweni eziphawulekayo ezenzweni zokulima, ukukhetha kwabathengi, kanye namandla embonini yokudla emhlabeni jikelele.

Umongo wobisi ohlanganisiwe

Ubisi oluhlanganisiwe alumusha; nokho, ukukhula okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe kwenze ubisi oludidiyelwe lwakwazi ukuthengeka futhi lufinyeleleke ukuze lukhiqizwe futhi ludliwe. Iziqalo eziningi ziyaqhubeka nokuzama ukushintshwa kobisi lwenkomo noma ukulingiswa. Izinhlangano zizama ukukhiqiza kabusha izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-casein (ama-curd) kanye ne-whey, izingxenye ezikushizi ne-yogurt. Ukwengeza, abacwaningi bazama ukuphindaphinda ukuthungwa kwemvelo kobisi kanye nokumelana nezinga lokushisa kushizi we-vegan. 

Ososayensi baveza ukukhiqiza ubisi kumalebhu “njengenselelo ye-biotechnological.” Le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi, iyabiza, futhi idla isikhathi. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokunikeza ama-microorganisms ngekhodi yofuzo ebavumela ukuthi bakhiqize amaprotheni obisi lwemvelo ngendlela enembile yokuvutshelwa, kodwa ukwenza kanjalo ngezinga lezohwebo kuyinselele.

Naphezu kwalezi zinselelo, izinkampani zikhuthazeke kakhulu ukukhulisa ubisi kumalebhu. Imakethe yezinye izindlela zobisi emhlabeni wonke, ehlanganisa uhla lwemikhiqizo yokudla nesiphuzo esetshenziswa esikhundleni sobisi oluphuma ezilwaneni kanye nemikhiqizo esekwe ngobisi, ikhombise ukukhula okuphawulekayo kusukela ngo-2021, ngokusho kwe-Precedence Research. Ilinganiselwa ku-USD $24.93 billion ngo-2022, imakethe yezinye izindlela zobisi kulindeleke ukuthi idlule ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-75.03 ngo-2032, ngesilinganiso sokukhula okuhlanganisiwe konyaka okulindelwe ngamaphesenti ayi-11.7 ukusuka ngo-2023 kuya ku-2032.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ngo-2019, isiqalo esisekelwe e-Silicon Valley, i-Perfect Day, sakhiqiza kabusha ngempumelelo i-casein kanye ne-whey obisini lwenkomo ngokwakha i-microflora ngokuvutshelwa. Umkhiqizo wenkampani ufana neprotheni yobisi lwenkomo. Amaprotheni obisi oluvamile cishe amaphesenti angu-3.3, namaphesenti angu-82 we-casein namaphesenti angu-18 we-whey. Amanzi, amafutha, nama-carbohydrate yizinye izingxenye ezibalulekile. I-Perfect Day manje isidayisa imikhiqizo yayo yobisi edidiyelwe ezitolo ezingu-5,000 e-US. Kodwa-ke, intengo ihlala iphezulu kakhulu kubathengi abajwayelekile, nebhavu ka-ayisikhilimu engu-550ml ebiza cishe u-$10 dollars USD. 

Kodwa-ke, impumelelo ye-Perfect Day ikhuthaze ezinye izinkampani ukuthi zilandele. Ngokwesibonelo, enye isiqalo, i-New Culture, izama ushizi we-mozzarella isebenzisa ubisi olunamaprotheni olubilile. Le nkampani ithe yize kunentuthuko, ukwenyusa kusalokhu kuyinselele ngenxa yokunensa kwenqubekelaphambili ekuhlolweni kokuhlola. Akumangazi ukuthi abakhiqizi bokudla abakhulu abanjengoNestle kanye neDanone bathenga ukukhiqizwa kobisi okudidiyelwe ukuhola ucwaningo kule ndawo enenzuzo enkulu. 

Ubisi olukhule elebhu lungase lusakazeke kakhulu ngo-2030 uma ubuchwepheshe buvumela ubisi olushibhile noshizi. Nokho, abanye ososayensi baxwayisa ngokuthi ukwakhiwa kwalawa maprotheni ahlukile akufanele kulingise ukudla okungenamsoco okugaywe kakhulu nokuthi amavithamini afana ne-B12 ne-calcium kufanele abe khona ngisho nasobisini oludidiyelwe.

Imithelela yobisi oluhlanganisiwe

Imithelela ebanzi yobisi oludidiyelwe ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ohulumeni abashaya imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nokwakhiwa nokukhiqizwa kobisi oluhlanganisiwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imisoco ebalulekile ifakiwe, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikelwe impilo yomphakathi.
• Abathengi abaqotho baya ngokuya bethanda ubisi oludidiyelwe kunemikhiqizo yesintu, okubonisa ukushintsha kwamaphethini okuthenga okuqhutshwa ukukhathazeka kwezenhlalakahle yezilwane.
• Uguquko ekulimeni ngenjongo yokuya ezikhungweni zobisi ezitshalwe elebhu, kunciphisa kakhulu ukuthembela emfuyweni bese kuncipha ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni yezolimo.
• Ubisi oludidiyelwe luthengeka kakhulu, okwenza lusetshenziswe njengethuluzi lokunciphisa ukungondleki ezindaweni ezingadlanga kangako, nokwenza ngcono imiphumela yezempilo yomhlaba wonke.
• Ukwandisa utshalomali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobisi oludidiyelwe, okuholela ekwandeni kwamalebhu akhethekile nokwandisa amathuba omsebenzi kososayensi.
• Abalimi bobisi bahlukanisa izinhlobo zabo zebhizinisi ukuze bafake ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, banciphise umthelela wezomnotho wokwehla kwesidingo sobisi lwendabuko.
• Okuncanyelwayo ngabathengi ngokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni okunomthelela ekudleni okusheshayo namamenyu okudlela, okuholela ezinhlobonhlobo ezibanzi zezinketho zamahhala zobisi.
• Ukugxila okuthuthukisiwe ekufakweni okusimeme kwezinye izindlela zobisi, ukunciphisa udoti wepulasitiki nokuba negalelo emizamweni yokongiwa kwemvelo.
• Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ekucutshungulweni okuhlukile kobisi, okuholela ekuthungeni nasekunambithekeni okuthuthukisiwe, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukwamukelwa kwabathengi.
• Izinkulumo-mpikiswano zezepolitiki ziya ngokushuba mayelana noxhaso kanye nokwesekwa kokufuywa kobisi ngokwesiko kuqhathaniswa nezimboni zobisi ezisafufusa, ezithinta inqubomgomo yezolimo.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ukwanda kobisi oludidiyelwe kungaba nomthelela kanjani kweminye imikhakha?
• Ubisi oludidiyelwe lungaphinde lushintshe kanjani ukufuya ngokuhweba?