Imfucumfucu yasemkhathini: Isibhakabhaka sethu siyaklinya; asikwazi nje ukukubona

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Imfucumfucu yasemkhathini: Isibhakabhaka sethu siyaklinya; asikwazi nje ukukubona

Imfucumfucu yasemkhathini: Isibhakabhaka sethu siyaklinya; asikwazi nje ukukubona

Umbhalo wesihlokwana
Ngaphandle kwalapho kwenziwa okuthile ukuze kukhucululwe udoti wasemkhathini, ukuhlola umkhathi kungase kube sengozini.
    • About the Author:
    • Igama lomlobi
      I-Quantumrun Foresight
    • Mashi 9, 2022

    Isifinyezo sokuqonda

    Udoti wasemkhathini, ohlanganisa amasathelayithi angasekho, udoti wamarokhethi, ngisho nezinto ezisetshenziswa osomkhathi, uhlanganisa i-low earth orbit (LEO). Okungenani izingcezu ezingu-26,000 ezilingana ne-softball kanye nezigidi ezengeziwe zosayizi abancane, le mfucumfucu ibeka usongo olukhulu kumikhumbi-mkhathi namasathelayithi. Ama-ejensi asemkhathini wamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinkampani zithatha isinyathelo, zihlola izixazululo ezifana namanetha, amahabhu, nozibuthe ukuze kuncishiswe le nkinga ekhulayo.

    Umongo kadoti wesikhala

    Ngokombiko weNASA, kunezicucu okungenani ezingu-26,000 500,000 zemfucumfucu yasemkhathini ezizungeza uMhlaba ezingangebhola elithambile, ezingu-100 XNUMX ezinobukhulu bemabula nezingcezu zemfucumfucu ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyikhulu ezilingana nohlamvu lukasawoti. Lelifu elizungezayo lemfucumfucu yasemkhathini, elakhiwa iziphuphutheki ezindala, iziphuphutheki ezingasebenzi, izithuthukisi, nemfucumfucu yokuqhuma kwamarokhethi, libeka ingozi enkulu emikhumbi-mkhathini. Izingcezu ezinkulu zingacekela phansi isathelayithi emthelela, kuyilapho ezincane zingadala umonakalo omkhulu futhi zibeke engozini izimpilo zosomkhathi.

    Imfucumfucu igxile emzileni ophansi womhlaba (LEO), ongamamayela angu-1,200 ngaphezu komhlaba. Nakuba enye imfucumfucu yasemkhathini igcina ingena kabusha emkhathini woMhlaba futhi iyasha, le nqubo ingathatha iminyaka, futhi isikhala siyaqhubeka sigcwala imfucumfucu eyengeziwe. Ukushayisana phakathi kwemfucumfucu yasemkhathini kungadala izingcezu ezengeziwe, okwandisa ingcuphe yemithelela eyengeziwe. Lesi simo, esaziwa ngokuthi "i-Kessler syndrome," singenza i-LEO iminyene kangangokuthi ukwethula amasathelayithi nomkhumbi-mkhathi ngokuphepha kungenzeki.

    Imizamo yokunciphisa udoti wasemkhathini iyaqhubeka, njengoba i-NASA ikhipha imihlahlandlela ngawo-1990 kanye nezinkampani zasemkhathini ezisebenza ngemikhumbi-mkhathi emincane ukuze kuncishiswe imfucumfucu. Izinkampani ezifana ne-SpaceX zihlela ukwethula amasathelayithi ukuze anciphise imigudu ukuze abole ngokushesha, kuyilapho ezinye zenza izixazululo ezintsha zokuthwebula imfucumfucu ye-orbital. Lezi zinyathelo zibalulekile ekugcineni ukufinyeleleka nokuphepha kwendawo ukuze kuhlolwe isikhathi esizayo kanye nemisebenzi yezohwebo.

    Umthelela ophazamisayo

    Ama-ejensi asemkhathini wamazwe ngamazwe asebenza ngenkuthalo ukunciphisa udoti wasemkhathini, eqaphela amandla ako okuphazamisa ukuhlola indawo kanye nemisebenzi yezohwebo. Imihlahlandlela ye-NASA yokudambisa imfucumfucu yasemkhathini isibe nesandulela, futhi izinkampani zasemkhathini manje sezigxile ekudaleni imikhumbi-mkhathi emincane engakhiqiza imfucumfucu encane. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kohulumeni nezinkampani ezizimele kuqhuba ubuhlakani kule ndawo.

    Uhlelo lwe-SpaceX lokwethula amasathelayithi emzileni ophansi, okuwavumela ukuthi abole ngokushesha, yisibonelo esisodwa sendlela izinkampani ezilungisa ngayo lolu daba. Ezinye izinhlangano zihlola izixazululo ezikhangayo, njengamanetha, amahabhu, nozibuthe, ukuze zibambe imfucumfucu ye-orbital. Abacwaningi baseYunivesithi yaseTohoku eJapane baze baklame indlela yokusebenzisa izinhlayiya zezinhlayiya ukunciphisa imfucumfucu, okuyenza yehle futhi ishe emkhathini woMhlaba.

    Inselele yodoti wasemkhathini akuyona nje inkinga yobuchwepheshe; kuwubizo lokubambisana komhlaba wonke kanye nokuphatha ngendlela efanele indawo. Izixazululo ezithuthukiswayo azikona nje ukuhlanza; zimelela ushintsho endleleni esibhekana ngayo nokuhlola indawo, zigcizelela ukusimama nokusebenzisana. Umthelela ophazamisayo wemfucumfucu yasemkhathini uyimbangela yokuqamba izinto ezintsha, eqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo okuphephile kwendawo.

    Imithelela yodoti wesikhala

    Imithelela ebanzi yodoti wesikhala ingase ihlanganise:

    • Amathuba ezinkampani zasemkhathini ezikhona nezizayo ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuncishiswa nokususwa kwemfucumfucu kumakhasimende kahulumeni nawemboni ezimele.
    • Ukukhuthaza amazwe amakhulu ahamba emkhathini ukuthi asebenzisane ngezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinhlelo mayelana nokuncishiswa nokususwa kwemfucuza yasemkhathini.
    • Ukwenyuka kokugxila ekusimameni nasekusetshenzisweni kwendawo ngendlela efanele, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe obusha nezinqubo.
    • Imikhawulo engaba khona ekuhloleni indawo esikhathini esizayo kanye nemisebenzi yezentengiselwano uma udoti wasemkhathini ungalawulwa ngendlela efanele.
    • Imithelela yezomnotho ezimbonini ezithembele kubuchwepheshe besathelayithi, njengokuxhumana ngocingo nokuqapha isimo sezulu.
    • Ukuqwashisa umphakathi okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokusebenzisana nezindaba ezihlobene nendawo, okukhuthaza ukuqonda okubanzi kokuphathwa kwendawo.
    • Amathuba ezinselele zomthetho nezokulawula njengoba amazwe nezinkampani zizulazula ngokuhlanganyela umthwalo wemfucumfucu wasemkhathini.
    • Isidingo sokutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni ukuze kwakhiwe izixazululo ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa udoti endaweni.

    Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

    • Ingabe abantu banesibopho esingokokuziphatha sokungangcolisi indawo?
    • Ubani okufanele abe nesibopho sokususa udoti wasemkhathini: ohulumeni noma izinkampani zasemkhathini?

    Izinkomba zokuqonda

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