Ukufunda okujulile: Izendlalelo ezimbalwa ezijulile zokufunda komshini

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Ukufunda okujulile: Izendlalelo ezimbalwa ezijulile zokufunda komshini

Ukufunda okujulile: Izendlalelo ezimbalwa ezijulile zokufunda komshini

Umbhalo wesihlokwana
Ukufunda okujulile kunikeze amandla ukuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene njengokuhlaziya okuzenzakalelayo nokuhlaziya idatha, okusiza i-AI ukuthi ihlakaniphe kunangaphambili.
    • About the Author:
    • Igama lomlobi
      I-Quantumrun Foresigh
    • September 9, 2022

    Isifinyezo sokuqonda

    Ukufunda okujulile (DL), uhlobo lokufunda komshini (ML), kuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) ngokufunda kudatha ngezindlela ezifana nomsebenzi wobuchopho bomuntu. Ithola ukusetshenziswa emikhakheni eyahlukene, kusukela ekuthuthukiseni izimoto ezizimele kanye nokuxilongwa kwezempilo kuya ekunikezeni amandla ama-chatbots kanye nokwenza ngcono izindlela zokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Ikhono lobuchwepheshe lokusingatha imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlaziya amasethi edatha amaningi, nokwenza izibikezelo ezinolwazi lilolonga izimboni futhi liphakamisa izimpikiswano zokuziphatha, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwedatha nobumfihlo.

    Umongo wokufunda okujulile

    Ukufunda okujulile kuwuhlobo lwe-ML oluyisisekelo sezinhlelo eziningi ze-AI. I-DL ingasiza ngemisebenzi yokuhlukanisa ngokuqondile ezithombeni, umbhalo, noma umsindo. Ingakwazi ukwenza ukuhlaziya idatha nokuxhumanisa idivayisi, isize ngamarobhothi azimele nezimoto ezizishayelayo, futhi yenze ukuhlola kwesayensi. I-DL ingasiza ekuhlonzeni amaphethini namathrendi futhi ikhiqize izibikezelo ezinembe kakhudlwana. Lobu buchwepheshe bungasebenzisana namadivayisi ezobuchwepheshe, njengama-smartphones kanye namadivayisi we-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT). 

    I-DL isebenzisa amanethiwekhi e-neural okwenziwa ukuze isize ngemisebenzi efana nokucubungula ulimi lwemvelo (NLP) noma ukubona kwekhompyutha nokubonwa kwenkulumo. Amanethiwekhi e-Neural angase futhi anikeze izincomo zokuqukethwe ezifana nalezo ezitholakala ezinjinini zokusesha namasayithi e-e-commerce. 

    Kunezindlela ezine eziyinhloko zokufunda ngokujulile:

    • Ukufunda okugadiwe (idatha enelebula).
    • Ukufunda okugadwe kancane (amasethi edatha anamalebula amancane).
    • Ukufunda okungagadiwe (awekho amalebula adingekayo).
    • Ukufunda okuqiniswayo (ama-algorithms asebenzisana nemvelo, hhayi nje isampula yedatha).

    Kulezi zindlela ezine, ukufunda okujulile kusebenzisa amanethiwekhi e-neural kumaleveli amaningana ukuze kufundwe ngokuphindaphindiwe kudatha, okuzuzisayo lapho ufuna amaphethini olwazini olungahlelekile. 

    Amanethiwekhi e-neural ekufundeni okujulile alingisa indlela ubuchopho bomuntu obakheke ngayo, ngama-neurons namanodi ahlukahlukene axhumayo futhi abelana ngolwazi. Ekufundeni okujulile, inkinga eyinkimbinkimbi, izingqimba ezifihlekile ezizoba khona kumodeli. Leli fomu le-ML lingakhipha izici zeleveli ephezulu enanini elikhulu ledatha eluhlaza (idatha enkulu). 

    I-DL ingase isize ezimeni lapho inkinga iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ekucabangeni komuntu (isb., ukuhlaziywa kwemizwa, ukubala amazinga ekhasi lewebhu) noma izinkinga ezidinga izixazululo ezinemininingwane (isb., ukwenza kube ngokwakho, i-biometrics). 

    Umthelela ophazamisayo

    Ukufunda okujulile kuyithuluzi elinamandla lezinhlangano ezifisa ukusebenzisa idatha ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi. Isibonelo, amanethiwekhi e-neural angathuthukisa ukuxilonga ekunakekelweni kwezempilo ngokutadisha imininingwane eminingi yezifo ezikhona kanye nokwelashwa kwazo, ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kokunakekelwa kwesiguli kanye nemiphumela. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zebhizinisi zifaka phakathi ukubona ikhompuyutha, ukuhumushwa kolimi, ukubonwa kohlamvu olubonakalayo, nezisetshenziswa zezingxoxo zomsebenzisi (i-UI) njengama-chatbots nabasizi ababonakalayo.

    Ukwamukelwa okusabalele koguquko lwedijithali nokufuduka kwamafu yizinhlangano kuveza izinselelo ezintsha ze-cybersecurity, lapho ubuchwepheshe be-DL bungadlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlonzeni nasekunciphiseni izinsongo ezingaba khona. Njengoba amabhizinisi aya ngokuya emukela amasu amafu amaningi kanye nengxubevange ukuze afinyelele izinjongo zawo zedijithali, inkimbinkimbi yezindawo ze-IT, ehlanganisa amafa obuchwepheshe bolwazi obuqoqwe bezinhlangano noma abantu ngabanye, iye yanda kakhulu. Le nkimbinkimbi ekhulayo idinga izixazululo ezithuthukisiwe zokuphatha kahle, ukuvikela, kanye nokwandisa lezi zindawo ze-IT ezihlukahlukene neziyinkimbinkimbi.

    Ukukhula kwezindawo ze-IT kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwenhlangano kunikeza ukushesha nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko okudingekayo ukuze uhlale uncintisana kodwa futhi kwakha i-backend enzima kakhulu yokuphatha nokuvikela ngempumelelo. I-DL ingasiza ekuhlonzeni amaphethini angavamile noma aguquguqukayo angase abe uphawu lwemizamo yokugebenga. Lesi sici singavikela izingqalasizinda ezibalulekile ukuthi zingangenwa.

    Imithelela yokufunda okujulile

    Imithelela ebanzi ye-DL ingafaka: 

    • Izimoto ezizimele ezisebenzisa ukufunda okujulile ukuphendula kangcono izimo zemvelo, zithuthukise ukunemba, ukuphepha, nokusebenza kahle.
    • Izimpikiswano zezimiso zokuhle mayelana nendlela idatha ye-biometric (isb, izici zobuso, izakhiwo zamehlo, i-DNA, amaphethini wezigxivizo zeminwe) eqoqwa futhi agcinwe yi-Big Tech.
    • Ukusebenzisana kwemvelo phakathi kwabantu nemishini kuyathuthuka (isb, ukusebenzisa amadivaysi ahlakaniphile nezinto ezigqokwayo).
    • Izinkampani ze-Cybersecurity ezisebenzisa ukufunda okujulile ukukhomba amaphuzu abuthakathaka kungqalasizinda ye-IT.
    • Izinkampani ezisebenzisa uhla olubanzi lokuqagela ukuze zithuthukise imikhiqizo namasevisi futhi zinikeze izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kumakhasimende.
    • Ohulumeni bacubungula imininingwane egciniwe yomphakathi ukuze bathuthukise ukulethwa kwezinsiza zomphakathi, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezindawo zomasipala.

    Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

    • Iyiphi enye indlela ukufunda okujulile kungazisiza kanjani izinkampani nohulumeni ekusebenzeni ngokuzimisela ezimeni ezahlukahlukene?
    • Yiziphi ezinye izingozi ezingaba khona noma izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ukufunda okujulile?

    Izinkomba zokuqonda

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