Za a iya hana ciwon zuciya a nan gaba? Kimiyya & magani suna tseren agogo

Masana kimiyya da manyan kamfanonin harhada magunguna irin su Pfizer, Novartis, Bayer da Johnson & Johnson, ba su yi taka-tsan-tsan don maganin cututtukan zuciya ba. Ba kamar sauran cututtuka ba, cututtukan zuciya ba ƙwayoyin cuta ba ne ko ƙwayoyin cuta, don haka ba za a iya warkewa nan take ta hanyar magani ko alluran rigakafi guda ɗaya ba. Duk da haka, kimiyya da magungunan zamani suna bin hanyar da za ta bi don magance wannan rashin lafiya: tsinkaya ciwon zuciya kafin su faru.

Akwai matukar bukatar hakan da kuma ma'anar gaggawa, idan aka yi la'akari da cewa ciwon zuciya yana shafar sama da mutane miliyan 26 a duniya, wanda hakan ya sa ta kasance daya daga cikin manyan kalubalen kiwon lafiya a duniya.

Ana samun ingantacciyar ci gaban likita ta wannan hanyar zuciya. Sakamakon kimiyya da aka gabatar a taron shekara-shekara na Ƙungiyar Zuciya ta Amirka na ƙarshe da aka yi a New Orleans, Amurka, ya bayyana wani bincike na amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin don hasashen abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin zuciya ta hanyar gano lokacin da yanayin majiyyaci ke tabarbarewa. Asibitoci da sake shigar da su daga raunin zuciya ba su ragu sosai ba duk da ƙoƙarin da ake yi na sarrafa gazawar zuciya ta hanyar lura da nauyi da bayyanar cututtuka.

John Boehmer, wani likitan zuciya kuma farfesa a fannin likitanci, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Jihar Penn da gungun masu bincike na kiwon lafiya na kasa da kasa, sun gudanar da bincike kan ko za a iya bin diddigin yanayin marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon zuciya, da kuma yin nazarin hanyoyin da na'urorin da aka dasa su suka rigaya. Ana iya yin amfani da su a cikin marasa lafiya tare da na'urori na musamman.

A farkon binciken, marasa lafiya 900 masu raunin zuciya, kowannensu yana da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, suna da ƙarin software na firikwensin da aka yi amfani da su don lura da ayyukan zuciya na majiyyaci, sautin zuciya, bugun zuciya, da aikin lantarki na ƙirjinsu. Idan majiyyaci ya sami kamawar zuciya ba zato ba tsammani, defibrillator mai ƙarfin baturi yana ba da girgizar wutar lantarki wanda za'a iya dubawa da kuma bincikar shi cikin ainihin lokaci.

A cikin lokacin bincike, wannan tsarin na musamman na na'urori masu auna firikwensin ya sami nasarar hango kashi 70 cikin 30 na bugun zuciya kwatsam, kimanin kwanaki 40 a gaba a cikin marasa lafiyar da ake binciken. Wannan ya zarce kashi XNUMX na burin gano kungiyar. Tsarin gano ciwon zuciya, wanda a kimiyance yake sa ido kan motsi da ayyukan zuciya, kuma mai suna HeartLogic, Boston Scientific ne ya kirkiro shi. Binciken fasahar likitanci zai yi nisa wajen taimakawa wajen gano munanan cututtukan zuciya kafin su faru. Ana shirin ƙarin karatu, gwaje-gwaje, da kuma karɓowar jama'ar kiwon lafiya.

Rigakafin kafin magani da bege yana tashi

Inducible pluripotent stem (iPSCS) Kwayoyin halitta ne na gaba da fasaha na injiniya na nama wanda masana kimiyya a Burtaniya ke jagoranta a Gidauniyar Zuciya ta Biritaniya. Wani bincike mai zurfi ne na ƙwayoyin zuciya da kuma dukkan tsarin ɗabi'a na zuciyar ɗan adam, don gyara yanayin halayen zuciya waɗanda ba a so idan ya cancanta. Ya ƙunshi ƙayyadaddun tsarin dakin gwaje-gwaje na likita wanda ke baiwa masana kimiyya damar canza ƙwayoyin jikin marasa lafiya na yau da kullun zuwa ƙwayoyin zuciya, ta haka kusan ƙirƙirar sabuwar tsokar zuciya a cikin gazawar zuciya. Sian Harding, Farfesa na Ilimin Magunguna na Cardiac a Kwalejin Imperial yana kan ƙungiyar jagoranci na wannan babban binciken zuciya.

Gregory Thomas, MD, Likitan Likita ya ce "Yayin da cututtukan zuciya ke ta'azzara daga baya da kuma daga baya a rayuwa, tare da ci gaban kiwon lafiya a yau da kuma mutane da yawa suna kula da kansu sosai, sabbin binciken da aka gano tabbas za su samar da dama ga rayuwa mai tsayi da lafiya," in ji Gregory Thomas, MD, Likita. Daraktan, Cibiyar Kula da Tunawa da Zuciya da Cibiyar Jiki a Long Beach (CA) Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tunawa.

Binciken na baya-bayan nan ya haɗa da kimanta kwayoyin halittar tsohuwar mummies don bincikar abubuwan da ke haifar da atherosclerosis da ke tattare da zama ɗan adam. Dokta Thomas ya yi nuni da cewa, "Wannan na iya ba da haske kan yadda za a dakatar da shi ko kuma juyar da yanayin cutar atherosclerosis a yau. Ga zukata da suka gaza, zukata na wucin gadi za su zama ruwan dare gama gari. . Za a maye gurbin dashen zuciya da wannan injin, girman girman hannu.

Calgary, likita na tushen Alberta, Dokta Chinyem Dzawanda na Asibitin Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a. Ta bayyana cewa mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan zuciya suna buƙatar kulawa akai-akai don hana cutar da alamun cutar. Hawan jini, ciwon sukari mellitus, da hyperlipidemia sune abubuwan haɗari ga cututtukan zuciya. Mutanen da ke da kasancewar ɗaya ko fiye da abubuwan haɗari zasu buƙaci kulawa ta kusa da kuma kula da waɗannan abubuwan haɗari tare da magani da salon rayuwa / gyare-gyare na abinci don hana ci gaba zuwa cututtukan zuciya. Nauyin kai yana da mahimmanci." 

Nauyin lafiya tare da alamar farashin dalar Amurka biliyan 1,044!

Cututtukan da ke da nasaba da zuciya da gazawar zuciya sune na farko da ke haddasa mutuwa a duniya. Mutane da yawa suna mutuwa kowace shekara daga ciwon zuciya fiye da kowane dalili. A cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, a cikin 2012 kadai, fiye da mutane miliyan 17.5 sun mutu daga cututtukan zuciya na zuciya, wanda ke wakiltar kashi 31% na dukan mutuwar duniya. Daga cikin wadanda suka mutu, an kiyasta kimanin miliyan 6.7 ne sakamakon kamuwa da cutar shanyewar jiki, yayin da miliyan 7.4 suka mutu daga cututtukan zuciya. Ciwon zuciya kuma shi ne na farko da ke kashe mata, yana kashe rayuka fiye da kowane nau’in ciwon daji a hade.

A Kanada, cututtukan zuciya na ɗaya daga cikin manyan nauyi a fannin kiwon lafiya. Fiye da mutanen Kanada miliyan 1.6 an ba da rahoton suna da cututtukan zuciya. A shekara ta 50,000 ta yi sanadiyar mutuwar kusan mutane 2012, kuma har yanzu ita ce kasa ta biyu a yawan mace-mace a kasar. Gwamnatin Kanada ta kuma bayyana cewa tara a cikin 10 na Kanada sama da shekaru 20 suna da aƙalla abubuwan haɗari guda ɗaya na cututtukan zuciya, yayin da huɗu cikin 10 suna da abubuwan haɗari uku ko fiye.

Wani sabon gwajin maganin cutar daji wanda zai iya magance cututtukan zuciya shima ya riga ya fara aiki. Wani binciken bincike na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini da wata tawagar jami'ar Stanford ta gudanar na nemo hanyar gano kwayoyin cutar da ke boye daga tsarin garkuwar jiki. Nicholas Leeper, masanin ilimin halittar jini a Jami'ar Stanford da ke Palo Alto, California, kuma babban marubuci kan sabon binciken, ya sanar da Jaridar Kimiyya cewa, maganin da zai iya kaiwa ga kitse ya lalata bangon jijiya, ya riga ya nuna sakamako mai karfafa gwiwa a cikin wadanda ba. jarabawar farko na ɗan adam. Wannan wani tushen bege ne a cikin maganin cututtukan zuciya.