Synthetic tawv nqaij: Ib qho kev tsim muaj ntau lub hom phiaj xav tsis thoob thoob plaws kev lag luam

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  Quantumrun Foresight
• Tej zaum 6, 2022

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev nkag siab

Synthetic tawv nqaij nrog nws tus kheej-kho thiab elastic zog yog reshaping ntau industries, los ntawm kev kho mob mus rau kev tsim kho. Nws cov ntawv thov muaj ntau yam los ntawm kev tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab kev kho mob tus kheej kom txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tsev thiab tsheb. Cov kev cuam tshuam mus ntev yog qhov loj, suav nrog kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua lag luam, cov kev cai tshiab ntawm tsoomfwv, thiab txawm tias kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom hauv cov haujlwm xws li kev zoo nkauj thiab zam.

Synthetic tawv nqaij ntsiab lus

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws nrog nws tus kheej-kho thiab elastic zog yog ib qho tseem ceeb stride nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv science. Cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom tshawb nrhiav ntau yam kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los tsim cov tawv nqaij zoo li qhov chaw uas tsis tsuas yog ua raws li kev ntxhib los mos thiab elasticity ntawm tib neeg cov tawv nqaij tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm kho nws tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau pawg kws tshawb fawb thoob plaws ntiaj teb tau siv ntau hom kev kawm kom ua tiav qhov no. Piv txwv li, ib pab neeg los ntawm King Abdullah University of Science thiab Technology tau tshaj tawm thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2020 tias lawv tau ua tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv nanomaterial, hydrogel, thiab silica los tsim kom muaj kev hloov pauv tau nrog lub peev xwm hnov ​​​​qab. Cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws no, feem ntau hu ua e-tawv tawv, tuaj yeem ntes cov khoom mus txog yim ntiv tes deb thiab muaj peev xwm kho tus kheej zoo tshaj 5,000 zaug.

Lub tswv yim ntawm cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws tsis yog tshiab nkaus xwb; nws tau hloov zuj zus mus rau kaum xyoo dhau los. Ib qho tseem ceeb tseem ceeb tau ua tiav hauv 2012 los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Stanford University. Lawv tsim cov qauv ntawm cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws uas tsis yog tsuas yog teb rau kov tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm kho tau nws tus kheej los ntawm kev puas tsuaj me xws li kev txiav thiab khawb. Cov qauv no tau tsim los ntawm cov yas polymer thiab tau kos nrog cov khoom nickel los txhim kho nws lub zog. Lub xub ntiag ntawm npib tsib xee kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig rau cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws nrog lub peev xwm ua hluav taws xob, zoo li nws cov tib neeg counterpart. Thaum lub siab los yog lwm yam stimuli ntawm lub cev tau siv, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov nickel hais tau hloov, ua rau cov khoom siv ntsuas qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab tsis kam.

Cov kev siv ntawm cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws yog dav thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntau yam kev lag luam. Hauv kev kho mob, nws yuav ua rau txoj hauv kev rau kev kho mob zoo dua thiab cov khoom siv prosthetics uas teb rau ib puag ncig stimuli. Hauv aviation, lub dav hlau tuaj yeem nruab nrog cov khoom siv no los ua kom hloov tau ntau dua rau kev hloov pauv huab cua. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev lag luam tsheb kuj tseem tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws hauv kev tsim tsheb uas tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo dua thiab teb rau lawv ib puag ncig. 

Kev cuam tshuam

Cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam. Piv txwv li, cov neeg tsim khoom tuaj yeem siv nws los tiv thaiv cov hlua hluav taws xob, ua rau lawv kho tus kheej. Cov hlua thiab cov xov hlau muaj peev xwm kho lawv tus kheej-xws li los ntawm cov uas txhawb kev sib txuas hauv internet mus rau kev ua lub zog ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus- tuaj yeem hloov kho li cas cov tshuab no tau khaws cia. 

Cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov tawv nqaij los hloov tib neeg cov tawv nqaij. Hlawv cov neeg raug tsim txom yuav tsis xav tau daim tawv nqaij grafts los yog ntau yam kev phais los kho mob hnyav. Microsensors tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov tawv nqaij no kom muaj peev xwm muab cov kws kho mob nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntawm lub sijhawm tiag tiag los saib xyuas tus neeg mob kev noj qab haus huv. 

Lub caij no, cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws tuaj yeem siv rau lub dav hlau kom lawv tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​qab zoo dua rau ib puag ncig ntuj thaum ya davhlau. Cov tawv nqaij no tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov tsev, tsheb, rooj tog, thiab ntau yam khoom siv los ua kom lawv tiv taus huab cua tsis zoo thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv rau lawv cov tswv thiab cov neeg muaj feem. Cov yam ntxwv no tuaj yeem txuag tsoomfwv thiab tuam txhab nyiaj txiag tseem ceeb hauv kev saib xyuas thiab hloov cov nqi.  

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws

Kev cuam tshuam dav ntawm cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Muab cov neeg mob nrog prosthetics lossis implants them rau hauv cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws uas tsis yog tsuas yog kho lub cev lub cev xwb tab sis kuj saib xyuas cov cim tseem ceeb xws li ntshav siab, hloov kho kev noj qab haus huv mus rau ntau yam kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho tus kheej.
• Kev tsim kho kev lag luam siv cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws los ntsuas thiab txhim kho cov qauv kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tuam tsev, txuas hniav, thiab cov tunnels, ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov infrastructure uas tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ib puag ncig kev ntxhov siab xws li av qeeg lossis cua daj cua dub.
• Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tshwj xeeb, daim ntawv ua haujlwm hnav khaub ncaws ua los ntawm cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws tsim los tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj kev phom sij xws li kev tua hluav taws lossis kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, txo qis kev raug mob ntawm chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm.
• Kev zoo nkauj thiab cov chaw kho mob phais yas siv cov khoom siv tawv nqaij ua ib feem ntawm lawv cov kev pabcuam, tso cai rau kev ua kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj thiab ua haujlwm zoo, uas tuaj yeem hloov cov neeg siv khoom nyiam thiab siv cov qauv hauv kev lag luam kev zoo nkauj.
• Tsoom fwv tsim cov kev cai tshiab los xyuas kom meej kev coj ncaj ncees siv thiab pov tseg ntawm cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws, tsom rau cov teeb meem xws li biocompatibility thiab ib puag ncig cuam tshuam, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev ua raws cai nruj dua rau cov tuam txhab.
• Kev lag luam automotive integrating synthetic daim tawv nqaij rau hauv lub tsheb sab nrauv kom zoo dua sensing muaj peev xwm, muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev saws me nyuam ntawm autonomous tsheb los ntawm kev ua rau lawv ntau teb rau txoj kev thiab obstacles.
• Kev lag luam zam kev tshawb nrhiav kev siv cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws hauv kev tsim cov khaub ncaws zoo, cov khaub ncaws ntse uas tuaj yeem hloov xim lossis kev ntxhib los mos, qhib txoj hauv kev tshiab rau tus kheej zam thiab txo qhov xav tau ntau yam khaub ncaws rau ntau yam xwm txheej.
• Kev lag luam ua haujlwm tau hloov pauv raws li cov haujlwm muaj feem xyuam nrog kev saib xyuas thiab saib xyuas cov khoom siv ntawm cov tawv nqaij los yog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, xav tau cov txuj ci tshiab thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov haujlwm ib txwm muaj.
• Kev txhawj xeeb ntawm ib puag ncig tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab pov tseg cov khoom siv hluavtaws, ua rau kev tshawb fawb rau cov khoom siv ruaj khov thiab siv dua tshiab, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si kev lag luam thiab kev cai ib puag ncig.

Cov lus nug los xav txog

• Koj puas xav tias cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws yuav dhau los ua kom tib neeg, los ntawm kev xaiv, xav kom lawv cog rau lawv cov tawv nqaij tiag tiag?
• Koj puas xav tias cov txheej txheem uas cov tawv nqaij hluavtaws tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm cov khoom, tshuab, thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum raug txwv thiab tswj hwm?