Xaus ntawm kev raug mob lub cev mus tas li thiab kev tsis taus: Yav Tom Ntej ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv P4

Yuav kom xaus qhov kev raug mob ntawm lub cev mus tas li, peb lub neej yuav tsum xaiv: Peb puas ua si Vajtswv nrog peb cov tib neeg biology lossis peb puas ua ib feem tshuab?

Txog tam sim no nyob rau hauv peb lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv series, peb tau tsom mus rau yav tom ntej ntawm cov tshuaj thiab kho cov kab mob. Thiab thaum muaj mob yog vim li cas feem ntau peb siv peb txoj kev kho mob, qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim feem ntau tuaj yeem yog qhov ntxa tshaj plaws.

Txawm hais tias koj yug los nrog lub cev tsis taus lossis raug mob uas txwv koj txoj kev mus los ib ntus lossis mus tas li, cov kev kho mob tam sim no muaj los kho koj feem ntau txwv. Peb tsuas yog tsis muaj cov cuab yeej los kho qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces tsis raug lossis raug mob hnyav.

Tab sis los ntawm nruab nrab-2020s, qhov xwm txheej no yuav raug hloov pauv ntawm nws lub taub hau. Ua tsaug rau kev nce qib hauv kev kho genome tau piav qhia hauv tshooj dhau los, nrog rau kev nce qib hauv cov khoos phis tawj me me thiab cov neeg hlau, lub sijhawm lub cev tsis muaj zog yuav xaus.

Txiv neej li tshuab

Thaum nws los txog rau kev raug mob ntawm lub cev uas cuam tshuam nrog kev poob ntawm ceg, tib neeg muaj kev nplij siab xav tsis thoob nrog kev siv cov tshuab thiab cov cuab yeej kom rov muaj zog. Cov piv txwv pom tseeb tshaj plaws, cov khoom siv dag zog, tau siv rau ntau txhiab xyoo, feem ntau hais txog cov ntawv Greek thiab Roman thaum ub. Xyoo 2000, archaeologists nrhiav tau 3,000-xyoo-laus, mummified seem ntawm ib tug poj niam Iyiv noble poj niam uas hnav ib tug ntiv taw prosthetic ua los ntawm ntoo thiab tawv.

Muab qhov keeb kwm ntev ntawm kev siv peb txoj kev txawj ntse los kho qee theem ntawm lub cev txav mus los thiab kev noj qab haus huv, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob xav tsis thoob tias siv cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub los kho kom muaj kev txav mus los tau txais tos yam tsis muaj kev tawm tsam me ntsis.

Ntse prosthetics

Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, thaum lub teb ntawm prosthetics yog thaum ub, nws kuj tau qeeb qeeb. Ob peb lub xyoo dhau los no tau pom kev txhim kho hauv lawv txoj kev nplij siab thiab zoo li lub neej, tab sis nws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kaum xyoo dhau los thiab ib nrab ntawm qhov kev vam meej muaj tseeb tau ua nyob rau hauv daim teb raws li nws hais txog tus nqi, kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev siv tau.

Piv txwv li, qhov twg ib zaug nws yuav raug nqi txog $ 100,000 rau kev cai prosthetic, tib neeg tuaj yeem tam sim no siv 3D tshuab luam ntawv los tsim kev cai prosthetics (qee zaum) tsawg dua $1,000.

Lub caij no, rau cov neeg hnav ntawm cov ceg prosthetic uas pom tias nws nyuaj rau taug kev lossis nce ntaiv, cov tuam txhab tshiab tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm biomimicry los tsim cov khoom siv prosthetics uas muab ob qho tib si kev taug kev thiab kev khiav haujlwm, thaum tseem txiav cov kev kawm nkhaus uas yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv no.

Lwm qhov teeb meem nrog ob txhais ceg yog tias cov neeg siv feem ntau pom lawv mob hnav rau lub sijhawm ntev, txawm tias lawv tau tsim. Qhov ntawd yog vim qhov hnyav hnyav prosthetics yuam cov amputee daim tawv nqaij thiab nqaij nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv cov stump kom crushed ntawm lawv cov pob txha thiab prosthetic. Ib qho kev xaiv ua haujlwm nyob ib puag ncig qhov teeb meem no yog txhawm rau nruab ib hom kev sib txuas thoob ntiaj teb ncaj qha rau hauv cov pob txha amputee (zoo ib yam li kev cog hniav thiab kho hniav). Ua li ntawd, cov ceg prosthetic tuaj yeem ncaj qha "screwed rau hauv pob txha." Qhov no tshem tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov nqaij mob thiab tseem tso cai rau cov amputee mus yuav ib tug ntau yam ntawm loj-tsim prosthetics uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau loj ua.

Tab sis ib qho ntawm cov kev hloov pauv zoo siab tshaj plaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg tsis muaj zog nrog cov caj npab lossis txhais tes, yog kev siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hu ua Brain-Computer Interface (BCI).

Lub hlwb powered bionic zog

Thawj zaug tham hauv peb Yav tom ntej ntawm Computers series, BCI koom nrog kev siv cov cog cog lossis lub paj hlwb-scanning ntaus ntawv los saib xyuas koj lub hlwb thiab koom nrog cov lus txib los tswj txhua yam uas khiav los ntawm lub computer.

Qhov tseeb, tej zaum koj yuav tsis tau paub nws, tab sis qhov pib ntawm BCI twb pib lawm. Amputees yog tam sim no sim robotic libs tswj ncaj qha los ntawm lub siab, tsis yog los ntawm cov sensors txuas rau tus neeg hnav lub pob. Ib yam li ntawd, cov neeg xiam oob qhab loj (xws li quadriplegics) tam sim no siv BCI los tswj lawv lub rooj zaum muaj zog thiab manipulate robotic caj npab. Los ntawm nruab nrab-2020s, BCI yuav dhau los ua tus qauv hauv kev pab cov neeg tsis taus thiab cov neeg xiam oob qhab ua lub neej ywj pheej. Thiab los ntawm thaum ntxov 2030s, BCI yuav dhau los ua kom txaus los tso cai rau cov neeg mob txha caj qaum rov qab taug kev los ntawm kev xa lawv cov kev xav taug kev mus rau lawv lub cev qis los ntawm ib qho txha caj qaum.

Tau kawg, ua cov ntse prosthetics tsis yog txhua yam uas yav tom ntej cog yuav raug siv rau.

Ntse implants

Tam sim no cov tshuaj cog tau raug sim los hloov tag nrho cov kabmob, nrog rau lub hom phiaj ntev ntawm kev tshem tawm cov sijhawm tos cov neeg mob ntsib thaum tos tus neeg hloov pauv. Ntawm cov feem ntau tham txog kev hloov khoom nruab nrog cev yog lub plawv bionic. Ntau tus qauv tsim tau nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam, tab sis ntawm qhov pheej hmoo tshaj plaws yog ib qho khoom uas tso ntshav ncig lub cev tsis muaj mem tes … muab lub ntsiab lus tshiab tag nrho rau cov neeg taug kev tuag.

Kuj tseem muaj cov chav kawm tshiab tag nrho ntawm kev cog qoob loo tsim los txhim kho tib neeg kev ua tau zoo, tsis yog tsuas yog xa rov qab rau ib tus neeg mus rau lub xeev noj qab haus huv. Cov hom implants no peb mam li npog hauv peb Yav Tom Ntej ntawm Tib Neeg Evolution series.

Tab sis raws li nws hais txog kev noj qab haus huv, hom cog cog zaum kawg peb yuav hais ntawm no yog lwm tiam neeg, kev noj qab haus huv regulating implants. Xav txog cov no yog cov pacemakers uas nquag saib xyuas koj lub cev, qhia koj cov biometrics nrog rau kev noj qab haus huv app ntawm koj lub xov tooj, thiab thaum nws hnov ​​​​qhov pib muaj mob tso tawm tshuaj lossis hluav taws xob tam sim no los ua kom koj lub cev rov zoo.  

Thaum qhov no yuav zoo li Sci-Fi, DARPA (US tub rog txoj kev tshawb fawb qib siab caj npab) twb tau ua haujlwm rau ib txoj haujlwm hu ua ElectRx, luv luv rau Cov Ntawv Qhia Hluav Taws Xob. Raws li cov txheej txheem lom neeg hu ua neuromodulation, qhov kev cog me me no yuav saib xyuas lub cev lub paj hlwb peripheral (cov hlab ntsha uas txuas lub cev mus rau lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum), thiab thaum nws pom qhov tsis txaus ntseeg uas yuav ua rau muaj mob, nws yuav tso hluav taws xob. impulses uas yuav rebalance no lub paj hlwb thiab txhawb lub cev kom kho nws tus kheej.

Nanotechnology ua luam dej los ntawm koj cov ntshav

Nanotechnology yog lub ntsiab lus loj heev uas muaj cov ntawv thov hauv ntau hom kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam. Ntawm nws qhov tseem ceeb, nws yog ib lo lus dav dav rau txhua hom kev tshawb fawb, engineering, thiab thev naus laus zis uas ntsuas, tswj lossis koom nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm 1 thiab 100 nanometers. Cov duab hauv qab no yuav muab rau koj paub txog qhov ntsuas nanotech ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, nanotech tau raug tshawb xyuas raws li lub cuab yeej uas tuaj yeem hloov kho kev kho mob los ntawm kev hloov tshuaj thiab kev phais feem ntau tag nrho los ntawm 2030s lig.  

Muab lwm txoj hauv kev, xav txog tias koj tuaj yeem nqa cov cuab yeej kho mob zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev paub xav tau los kho tus kab mob lossis ua kev phais thiab nkag mus rau hauv koob tshuaj saline-ib koob tshuaj uas tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv lub koob txhaj tshuaj, xa mus rau txhua qhov chaw, thiab txhaj rau txhua tus neeg xav tau. ntawm kev kho mob. Yog tias ua tiav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau txhua yam uas peb tau tham hauv ob tshooj kawg ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab no dhau los.

Ido Bachelet, tus thawj coj tshawb fawb hauv kev phais nanorobotics, xam ib hnub twg thaum qhov kev phais me me tsuas yog tus kws kho mob txhaj koob txhaj tshuaj uas muaj ntau txhiab tus nanobots pre-programmed rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm koj lub cev.

Cov nanobots ntawd yuav kis tawm los ntawm koj lub cev tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Thaum pom, lawv mam li siv cov enzymes txiav cov nqaij mos uas puas lawm kom deb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv. Lub cev cov hlwb noj qab haus huv yuav raug txhawb kom ob leeg pov tseg cov hlwb puas thiab rov tsim cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib ncig ntawm cov kab noj hniav uas tsim los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Cov nanobots tseem tuaj yeem tsom thiab txo qis cov paj hlwb ib puag ncig kom pom qhov mob npub thiab txo qhov mob.

Siv cov txheej txheem no, cov nanobots no tuaj yeem siv los tua ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav, nrog rau ntau yam kab mob thiab kab mob txawv teb chaws uas tuaj yeem kis rau koj lub cev. Thiab txawm hais tias cov nanobots no tseem tsawg kawg yog 15 xyoo nyob deb ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob thoob plaws, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no tau pib ua haujlwm ntau heev. Cov infographic hauv qab no qhia txog yuav ua li cas nanotech tuaj yeem muaj ib hnub rov tsim kho peb lub cev (ntawm ActivistPost.com):

Kev siv tshuaj tshiab

Siv lub sij hawm kaus, tshuaj regenerative, ceg ntawm kev tshawb fawb no siv cov tswv yim nyob rau hauv cov teb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg engineering thiab molecular biology los kho cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob lossis cov ntaub so ntswg puas lawm. Yeej, cov tshuaj kho dua tshiab xav siv koj lub cev cov hlwb los kho lawv tus kheej, tsis yog hloov lossis txhawb koj lub cev cov hlwb nrog cov khoom siv tes ua thiab tshuab.

Nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev, txoj hauv kev no rau kev kho mob yog nyob deb tshaj li qhov kev xaiv Robocop tau piav qhia saum toj no. Tab sis muab tag nrho cov kev tawm tsam thiab kev txhawj xeeb txog kev coj ncaj ncees uas peb tau pom tau tsa ob xyoo dhau los no dhau los ntawm GMO cov khoom noj, kev tshawb fawb qia cell, thiab feem ntau tsis ntev los no tib neeg cloning thiab genome kho, nws yog qhov ncaj ncees hais tias cov tshuaj kho dua tshiab yuav khiav mus rau qee qhov kev tawm tsam hnyav.   

Txawm hais tias nws yooj yim los tshem tawm cov kev txhawj xeeb no ncaj qha, qhov tseeb yog tias cov pej xeem muaj kev nkag siab ntau dua thiab nkag siab txog kev siv tshuab ntau dua li nws ua biology. Nco ntsoov, prosthetics tau nyob ib ncig ntawm ntau txhiab xyoo; muaj peev xwm nyeem thiab kho cov genome tsuas yog ua tau txij li xyoo 2001. Yog vim li cas coob tus neeg xav ua cyborgs dua li lawv cov "Vajtswv-muab" cov noob caj noob ces tinkered nrog.

Yog vim li ntawd, raws li kev pabcuam pej xeem, peb cia siab tias cov ntsiab lus luv luv ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj kho dua tshiab hauv qab no yuav pab tshem tawm kev qias neeg nyob ib puag ncig ua si Vajtswv. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim tsawg kawg controversial rau feem ntau:

Shapeshifting qia hlwb

Tej zaum koj tau hnov ​​​​ntau txog cov qia hlwb nyob rau ob peb xyoos dhau los, feem ntau tsis nyob hauv qhov pom kev zoo tshaj plaws. Tab sis los ntawm 2025, qia hlwb yuav raug siv los kho ntau yam mob ntawm lub cev thiab raug mob.

Ua ntej peb piav qhia yuav ua li cas lawv yuav siv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov qia hlwb nyob hauv txhua qhov ntawm peb lub cev, tos kom raug hu mus ua haujlwm los kho cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Qhov tseeb, tag nrho ntawm 10 trillion hlwb uas tsim los ntawm peb lub cev yog los ntawm cov kab mob thawj zaug hauv koj niam lub tsev menyuam. Raws li koj lub cev tsim, cov qia hlwb tshwj xeeb rau hauv hlwb hlwb, lub plawv hlwb, cov hlwb ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab lwm yam.

Niaj hnub no, cov kws tshawb fawb tam sim no muaj peev xwm tig yuav luag txhua pab pawg hauv koj lub cev rov qab mus rau cov qub qia hlwb. Thiab qhov ntawd yog qhov loj. Txij li cov stems muaj peev xwm hloov mus rau hauv ib lub cell hauv koj lub cev, lawv tuaj yeem siv los kho yuav luag txhua qhov txhab.

Ib qho yooj yim Piv txwv li ntawm cov qia hlwb ntawm kev ua haujlwm suav nrog cov kws kho mob coj cov qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov neeg raug mob kub hnyiab, tig lawv mus rau hauv cov qia hlwb, loj hlob ib txheej tshiab ntawm daim tawv nqaij hauv lub tais petri, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov tawv nqaij tshiab tshiab los kho / hloov cov tawv nqaij ntawm tus neeg mob. Ntawm qib siab dua, cov qia hlwb tam sim no raug sim ua kev kho mob rau kho mob plawv thiab txawm kho tus txha caj qaum ntawm paraplegics, cia lawv taug kev dua.

Tab sis ib qho ntawm kev siv ntau dua ntawm cov qia hlwb no ua rau kev siv 3D luam ntawv tech tshiab nrov.

3D bioprinting

3D bioprinting yog daim ntawv thov kev kho mob ntawm 3D luam ntawv uas cov ntaub so ntswg nyob tau luam tawm los ntawm txheej. Thiab tsis txhob siv cov yas thiab hlau zoo li cov tshuab luam ntawv 3D ib txwm, 3D bioprinters siv (koj twv nws) qia hlwb ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev.

Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sau thiab loj hlob ntawm qia hlwb yog tib yam li cov txheej txheem tau teev tseg rau qhov piv txwv ntawm tus neeg raug mob hlawv. Txawm li cas los xij, ib zaug cov qia hlwb tau loj hlob txaus, lawv tuaj yeem muab pub rau hauv 3D tshuab luam ntawv los tsim cov 3D organic zoo, xws li hloov daim tawv nqaij, pob ntseg, pob txha, thiab, tshwj xeeb, lawv tuaj yeem ua tau. luam lub cev.

Cov 3D luam tawm cov kabmob no yog ib daim ntawv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg engineering uas sawv cev rau cov organic hloov mus rau cov khoom siv hauv nruab nrog cev uas tau hais ua ntej. Thiab zoo li cov khoom siv dag zog, cov khoom siv hauv nruab nrog cev no yuav muaj ib hnub txo qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv pub dawb.

Uas tau hais tias, cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm no tseem muaj txiaj ntsig ntxiv rau kev lag luam tshuaj, vim tias cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm no tuaj yeem siv rau kev sim tshuaj thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo dua thiab pheej yig dua. Thiab txij li thaum cov kabmob no tau luam tawm siv tus neeg mob tus kheej qia hlwb, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis kam lees cov kabmob no poob qis thaum piv rau cov khoom siv pub dawb los ntawm tib neeg, tsiaj txhu, thiab qee yam kev cog qoob loo.

Ntxiv mus rau yav tom ntej, los ntawm 2040s, advanced 3D bioprinters yuav luam tawm tag nrho cov ceg ceg uas tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau cov pob txha ntawm cov amputees, yog li ua rau cov khoom siv dag zog tsis siv.

Kev kho noob

Nrog kev kho noob, kev tshawb fawb pib cuam tshuam nrog xwm. Qhov no yog ib hom kev kho mob uas tsim los kho cov kab mob caj ces.

Piav yooj yim, gene therapy yuav tsum muaj koj cov genome (DNA) ua ke; tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas kom pom cov noob tsis zoo uas ua rau muaj kab mob; tom qab ntawd hloov / kho los hloov cov kev tsis zoo nrog cov noob noj qab haus huv (tam sim no siv CRISPR cov cuab yeej piav qhia hauv tshooj dhau los); thiab tom qab ntawd thaum kawg rov qhia cov noob zoo tam sim no rov qab rau hauv koj lub cev los kho cov kab mob hais.

Thaum ua tiav, kev kho noob tuaj yeem siv los kho ntau yam mob, xws li mob qog noj ntshav, AIDS, cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, ntshav qab zib, kab mob plawv, txawm tias xaiv lub cev tsis taus xws li lag ntseg.

Genetic engineering

Cov ntawv thov kev noj qab haus huv ntawm genetic engineering nkag mus rau thaj chaw grey tiag tiag. Technically hais lus, qia cell kev loj hlob thiab kev kho noob yog lawv tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv ntawm genetic engineering, txawm tias mob me. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv cov noob caj noob ces uas cuam tshuam rau tib neeg feem ntau koom nrog tib neeg cloning thiab engineering ntawm tus tsim qauv me nyuam mos thiab superhumans.

Cov ncauj lus no peb yuav tawm mus rau peb lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Human Evolution series. Tab sis rau lub hom phiaj ntawm tshooj no, muaj ib daim ntawv thov genetic engineering uas tsis muaj teeb meem ... zoo, tshwj tsis yog tias koj yog vegan.

Tam sim no, cov tuam txhab xws li United Therapeutics tab tom ua haujlwm genetic engineer npua nrog cov kabmob uas muaj tib neeg cov noob caj noob ces. Yog vim li cas tom qab ntxiv cov noob noob neej no yog kom tsis txhob cov nqaij npua no raug tso tseg los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tib neeg lawv tau cog rau hauv.

Thaum ua tiav, cov tsiaj nyeg tuaj yeem loj hlob ntawm qhov ntsuas kom muab qhov ze li qhov txwv tsis pub hloov cov kabmob rau tsiaj-rau-tib neeg "xeno-transplantation." Qhov no sawv cev rau lwm txoj hauv kev rau cov khoom siv dag zog thiab 3D luam tawm cov kabmob saum toj no, nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm kev pheej yig dua li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ntxiv nrog rau technically tshaj li 3D luam cov kabmob. Uas tau hais tias, tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev ncaj ncees thiab kev ntseeg los tawm tsam daim ntawv no ntawm cov khoom siv hauv nruab nrog cev yuav ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov thev naus laus zis no tsis mus rau qhov tseem ceeb.

Tsis muaj kev raug mob ntawm lub cev thiab kev tsis taus ntxiv lawm

Muab cov npe khaub ncaws ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab kev kho mob lom neeg uas peb nyuam qhuav tham, nws zoo li lub sijhawm ntawm Ruaj khov Kev raug mob ntawm lub cev thiab kev xiam oob qhab yuav xaus tsis pub dhau ib nrab xyoo 2040.

Thiab thaum kev sib tw ntawm cov kev kho mob diametric no yuav tsis ploj mus, los ntawm thiab loj, lawv cov kev cuam tshuam yuav sawv cev rau qhov kev ua tiav hauv tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.

Tau kawg, qhov no tsis yog tag nrho zaj dab neeg. Los ntawm qhov no, peb lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv series tau tshawb nrhiav cov phiaj xwm kwv yees kom tshem tawm cov kab mob thiab kev raug mob ntawm lub cev, tab sis peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv puas yog? Hauv tshooj tom ntej, peb yuav sib tham seb peb puas tuaj yeem kho peb lub siab kom yooj yim li peb lub cev.

Yav tom ntej ntawm kev noj qab haus huv series

Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ze Rau Kev Hloov Kho: Yav Tom Ntej Ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv P1

Tag kis tus kab mob kis thoob qhov txhia chaw thiab cov tshuaj Super tsim los tawm tsam lawv: Yav Tom Ntej ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv P2

Precision Healthcare Kais rau hauv koj lub genome: Yav Tom Ntej ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv P3

Nkag siab lub hlwb txhawm rau tshem tawm Kev Mob Siab: Yav Tom Ntej ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv P5

Kev Paub Tag Nrho Cov Kev Kho Mob: Yav Tom Ntej ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv P6

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Koj Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Quantified: Yav Tom Ntej ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv P7