Fumbi lanzeru: Masensa a Microelectromechanical kuti asinthe magawo osiyanasiyana

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• March 16, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Fumbi lanzeru, lopangidwa ndi makina ang'onoang'ono opanda zingwe a microelectromechanical (MEMS), ali okonzeka kulongosolanso momwe timachitira ndi dziko lapansi posonkhanitsa ndi kukonza zidziwitso za chilichonse kuyambira chilengedwe mpaka thanzi la munthu. Kuchokera pakuthandizira kuyang'anira zachilengedwe mpaka kusintha chisamaliro chaumoyo ndi chithandizo chamunthu, komanso kukonzanso ulimi ndi ulimi wolondola, fumbi lanzeru limapereka ntchito zingapo. Komabe, kuthekera kwake kosokoneza kumabweretsanso zovuta, monga kufunikira kwa malamulo amakhalidwe abwino, zoopsa zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito molakwika, komanso kusintha kwa zosowa zantchito.

Smart fumbi nkhani

Fumbi la Smart ndi kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamagwira ntchito limodzi ndi mazana mpaka mazana mpaka masauzande a zida zina zotere, ndipo chilichonse chimatha kugwira ntchito ngati chigawo chimodzi cha makina akuluakulu apakompyuta. Fumbi lanzeru lili ndi makina ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono opanda zingwe (MEMS), monga maloboti, makamera, masensa, ndi njira zina zolumikizirana. MEMS pamapeto pake amalumikizidwa ku netiweki yamakompyuta popanda zingwe kuti athe kusanthula deta yopezedwa kudzera muukadaulo wa radio-frequency identification (RFID). 

MEMS, yomwe imatchedwanso motes, imasonkhanitsa deta, kuphatikizapo kuwala, kutentha, kugwedezeka, kuthamanga, kuthamanga, phokoso, kupsinjika maganizo, ndi chinyezi. Deta iyi imasamutsidwa kuchokera ku microelectromechanical system kupita ku ina mpaka ikafika kumalo opatsirana. Ntchito zazikulu za MEMS ndi monga (1) kusonkhanitsa deta, (2) kukonza deta ndi makina apakompyuta opanda waya, (3) ndi kutumiza deta kumtambo kapena MEMS ina popanda waya.

Ofufuza ena amatsutsa kuti fumbi lanzeru limayimira chisinthiko chotsatira cha intaneti ya Zinthu (IoT). Zida izi zapita patsogolo kwambiri, ndipo zikuphatikizidwa paliponse kuchokera ku matekinoloje amakasitomala monga ma thermostats anzeru kupita kuzinthu zamakampani monga masensa ang'onoang'ono omwe amawunika kupanga bwino kwamafuta. Komabe, malinga ndi Gartner's Hype Cycle, matekinoloje a fumbi anzeru adzatenga zaka khumi kuti akwaniritse kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu ndikusintha IoT pazamalonda. 

Zosokoneza

Kuthekera kwaukadaulo wa fumbi la Smart kuyika malo opapatiza komanso akutali kwatsegula zitseko zowunikira bwino zachilengedwe. Poika zida zing'onozing'onozi m'madera ovuta kufikako, asayansi amatha kusonkhanitsa deta yeniyeni yokhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, kusintha kwa nyengo, ngakhale zochitika za zivomezi. Mchitidwewu ukhoza kukulitsa kumvetsetsa kwathu kwa chilengedwe cha Dziko Lapansi ndikuthandizira maboma ndi mabungwe kuchitapo kanthu moyenera ku zovuta zachilengedwe. Kwa mabizinesi, izi zikutanthawuza mwayi wogwirizanitsa machitidwe awo ndi zolinga zachitukuko chokhazikika, kuonetsetsa njira yodalirika yoyendetsera zachilengedwe.

Pazachipatala, kugwiritsa ntchito fumbi lanzeru kumapitilira kuyang'anira kuchira kwa ziwalo zowonongeka ndi mafupa osweka. Tangoganizirani zamtsogolo momwe zida zazing'onozi zitha kuperekera mankhwala omwe akuwaganizira m'maselo enaake, kuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa zamankhwala monga chemotherapy. Zipatala ndi opereka chithandizo chamankhwala amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito fumbi lanzeru kuyang'anira mosalekeza zofunikira za odwala, zomwe zimatsogolera ku chisamaliro chokhazikika komanso kupulumutsa miyoyo. Maboma atha kuthandizira izi polimbikitsa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko.

Kugwiritsa ntchito fumbi lanzeru paulimi, monga tanenera, kungathe kusintha momwe alimi amawonera ndikuyankhira zosoweka za mbewu zawo. Kuyang’ana m’tsogolo, luso limeneli likhoza kupangitsa kuti pakhale nyengo yatsopano ya ulimi wolondola, kumene chomera chilichonse chimalandira kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi zakudya zokwanira kuti chizikula bwino. Njira imeneyi ingapangitse kuti mbeu zizichulukana, kuchepetsa kuonongeka kwa zinthu, komanso kuchepetsa mankhwala owopsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tizilombo. 

Zotsatira za fumbi lanzeru

Zowonjezereka za fumbi lanzeru zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuphatikizika kwa fumbi lanzeru pakukonza kwamatauni ndi kukonza zomangamanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuzindikira bwino zofooka zamapangidwe ndikukonzanso munthawi yake, motero kumapangitsa chitetezo cha anthu.
• Kupanga mwayi watsopano wa ntchito pakusanthula deta ndi kupanga zida zanzeru zafumbi.
• Boma likukhazikitsa malamulo owonetsetsa kuti fumbi lanzeru likugwiritsidwa ntchito pazowunikira komanso zachinsinsi.
• Kusintha kwa chisamaliro chaumoyo kukhala kuyang'anira kokhazikika komanso kosalekeza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda adziwike msanga ndi chithandizo choyenera, potero kumapangitsa thanzi la anthu onse.
• Chiwopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika fumbi lanzeru ndi mabungwe oyipa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nkhawa zaukazitape komanso kusonkhanitsa deta mosaloledwa, zomwe zingafunike mgwirizano wapadziko lonse ndi mgwirizano.
• Kuthekera kwa fumbi lanzeru kusintha njira zaulimi, zomwe zimabweretsa kusintha kwa zosowa ndi luso la ogwira ntchito, ndikugogomezera luso laukadaulo komanso kuyang'anira zachilengedwe.
• Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa fumbi lanzeru poyang'anira ndi kusunga zachilengedwe zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha, zomwe zimatsogolera ku zoyesayesa zodziwikiratu zachitetezo komanso kukhudza kwachilengedwe kwachilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Ndi mapulogalamu ena ati omwe mukuganiza kuti ukadaulo wa fumbi wanzeru udzagwiritsidwa ntchito pazaka khumi zikubwerazi?
• Kodi maboma ayenera kulamulira bwanji teknolojiyi kuti isagwiritsidwe ntchito molakwika?