Kuphunzitsa mitundu ya AI: Kusaka kwa chitukuko cha AI chotsika mtengo

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• March 21, 2023

Kuphunzira mozama (DL) kwatsimikizira kuti ndi njira yothetsera mavuto angapo pa chitukuko cha intelligence (AI). Komabe, DL ikukhalanso yokwera mtengo. Kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde akuzama a neural kumafuna zida zopangira zinthu zambiri, makamaka pophunzitsatu. Choyipa kwambiri, njira yogwiritsa ntchito mphamvuyi ikutanthauza kuti izi zimabweretsa mapazi akulu a kaboni, kuwononga miyeso ya ESG pakutsatsa kwa kafukufuku wa AI.

Maphunziro amitundu ya AI

Maphunziro asanayambe tsopano ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri yopangira maukonde akuluakulu a neural, ndipo awonetsa kupambana kwakukulu mu masomphenya a makompyuta (CV) ndi kukonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe (NLP). Komabe, kupanga mitundu yayikulu ya DL kwakhala kokwera mtengo kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kuphunzitsa OpenAI's Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3), yomwe ili ndi magawo 175 biliyoni ndipo ikufunika kupeza magulu akuluakulu a seva okhala ndi makadi ojambula apamwamba kwambiri, inali ndi mtengo woyerekeza wa USD $ 12 miliyoni. Seva yamphamvu ndi mazana a ma gigabytes a kukumbukira kwachisawawa kwamavidiyo (VRAM) amafunikiranso kuyendetsa chitsanzocho.

Ngakhale makampani akuluakulu aukadaulo atha kulipira ndalama zophunzitsira zotere, zimakhala zoletsedwa kwa oyambitsa ang'onoang'ono komanso mabungwe ofufuza. Zinthu zitatu zimachititsa kuti izi ziwonongeke. 

1. Ndalama zambiri zowerengera, zomwe zingafune milungu ingapo ndi masauzande a ma graphic processing units (GPUs).

2. Mitundu yosinthidwa bwino imafunikira kusungidwa kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri kumatenga mazana a ma gigabytes (GBs). Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu ingapo yantchito zosiyanasiyana iyenera kusungidwa.

3. Kuphunzitsa zitsanzo zazikulu kumafuna mphamvu yeniyeni yowerengera ndi hardware; apo ayi, zotsatira sizingakhale zabwino.

Chifukwa cha ndalama zoletsedwa, kafukufuku wa AI wakula kwambiri, pomwe makampani a Big Tech akutsogolera maphunzirowa. Makampani awa nawonso ali ndi mwayi wopindula kwambiri ndi zomwe apeza. Pakadali pano, mabungwe ofufuza komanso osapindula nthawi zambiri amayenera kugwirizana ndi mabizinesiwa ngati akufuna kuchita kafukufuku wawo m'munda. 

Zosokoneza

Pali umboni wosonyeza kuti ma neural network atha "kuduliridwa." Izi zikutanthauza kuti mkati mwa ma neural network apamwamba, gulu laling'ono litha kukwaniritsa mulingo wolondola wofanana ndi mtundu wa AI woyambirira popanda kukhudza kwambiri magwiridwe ake. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2020, ofufuza a AI ku Swarthmore College ndi Los Alamos National Laboratory adawonetsa kuti ngakhale mtundu wovuta wa DL ungaphunzire kulosera zam'tsogolo mu masewera a moyo wa katswiri wa masamu John Conway, nthawi zonse pamakhala neural network yaying'ono yomwe ingaphunzitsidwe. kuchita chinthu chomwecho.

Ofufuza adapeza kuti ngati ataya magawo ambiri amtundu wa DL akamaliza maphunziro onse, amatha kuchepetsa mpaka 10 peresenti ya kukula kwake koyambirira ndikukwaniritsa zomwezo. Makampani angapo aukadaulo akukakamiza kale mitundu yawo ya AI kuti asunge malo pazida monga ma laputopu ndi mafoni. Njirayi sikuti imangopulumutsa ndalama komanso imalola kuti pulogalamuyo igwire ntchito popanda intaneti ndikupeza zotsatira mu nthawi yeniyeni. 

Panalinso zochitika pamene DL inali yotheka pazida zoyendetsedwa ndi mabatire a dzuwa kapena ma cell a batani, chifukwa cha maukonde ang'onoang'ono a neural. Komabe, malire a njira yodulira ndi yakuti chitsanzocho chikufunikabe kuphunzitsidwa kwathunthu chisanachedwe. Panali maphunziro ena oyambilira pa neural subsets omwe amatha kuphunzitsidwa okha. Komabe, kulondola kwawo sikuli kofanana ndi kuja kwa ma neural network a supersized.

Zotsatira zamaphunziro amitundu ya AI

Zotsatira zamaphunziro a AI zingaphatikizepo: 

• Kuchulukitsa kafukufuku munjira zosiyanasiyana zophunzitsira ma neural network; komabe, kupita patsogolo kungachedwe chifukwa chosowa ndalama.
• Tekinoloje yayikulu ikupitilizabe kulipirira ma laboratories awo a AI, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mikangano yambiri.
• Mtengo wa chitukuko cha AI umapanga mikhalidwe yoti olamulira akhazikike, kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa oyambitsa AI atsopano kupikisana paokha ndi makampani okhazikika aukadaulo. Mabizinesi omwe akubwera atha kuwona makampani akulu ochepa aukadaulo akupanga mitundu ikuluikulu ya AI ndikuwabwereketsa kumakampani ang'onoang'ono a AI ngati ntchito/zothandizira.
• Mabungwe ofufuza, osapindula, ndi mayunivesite omwe amathandizidwa ndiukadaulo wamkulu kuti achite zoyeserera za AI m'malo mwawo. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti ubongo ukhale wochuluka kuchokera kumaphunziro kupita kumakampani.
• Kuchulukirachulukira kwaukadaulo wamkulu kufalitsa ndikusintha pafupipafupi malangizo awo amakhalidwe abwino a AI kuti awapangitse kuyankha pazofufuza ndi chitukuko.
• Kuphunzitsa mitundu ya AI kukhala yokwera mtengo pomwe mphamvu zamakompyuta zimafunikira kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mpweya wambiri.
• Mabungwe ena aboma akuyesera kuwongolera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa zitsanzo zazikuluzikulu za AI. Komanso, mabungwe ampikisano atha kupanga malamulo omwe amakakamiza mitundu ya AI ya kukula kwake kuti ipezeke kumakampani ang'onoang'ono apakhomo pofuna kulimbikitsa luso la SME.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Ngati mumagwira ntchito mu gawo la AI, kodi bungwe lanu likupanga bwanji mitundu ya AI yokhazikika pachilengedwe?
• Kodi zotsatira zanthawi yayitali zamitundu yodula za AI ndi ziti?