Big Tech ndi Asilikali: The Ethics Gray Zone

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• January 18, 2023

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Makampani a Silicon Valley ayendetsa zinthu zatsopano zamaukadaulo odziyimira pawokha, monga magalimoto odziyendetsa okha ndi ma drones. Kuyambira m'ma 2010, zatsopanozi zasintha pang'onopang'ono m'magulu ankhondo padziko lonse lapansi kuti apititse patsogolo luso lankhondo lodziyimira pawokha. Zotsatira zake, ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo m'mabungwe abizinesi ndi mabungwe omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe padziko lonse lapansi akufuna kuti pakhale malangizo omveka bwino amomwe asitikali akumayiko awo akutengera matekinoloje amakampani azigawo.

Big Tech ndi nkhani zankhondo

Kukula kwaukadaulo kwa asitikali kumatenga nthawi yambiri komanso ndalama zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, gulu lankhondo ndi mafakitale, limaphatikizapo mgwirizano wanthawi yayitali pakati pa mabungwe ankhondo ndi makontrakitala akuluakulu achitetezo, monga Lockheed Martin ndi Raytheon ku US. Ntchito zawo zimaphatikizapo kupanga zida zodzitetezera monga ma drones ankhondo odziyimira pawokha komanso zonyamula ndege. 

Komabe, gulu lankhondo ndi mafakitale limaphatikizanso mgwirizano ndi mitundu ina yamakampani azigawo azida zomwe sizimayenderana ndi gawo lachitetezo, monga makampani a Big Tech. Pamene mgwirizano watsopano wachitetezo ukukulirakulira, antchito ambiri akudziwa kuti mapangano amasainidwa popanda kudziwa. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2018, olemba mluzu ndi atolankhani ofufuza adalengeza kuti Google ikukhudzidwa ndi Project Maven, dipatimenti ya US Department of Defense (DoD) yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga (AI) polimbana ndi zida za drone. Ogwira ntchito pa Google amati kampaniyo sinapemphe chilolezo chawo kuti achite nawo izi ndi ntchito zina zodzitchinjiriza.

Komabe, mu 2018, Google idachoka ku Project Maven pambuyo poti pempho lidasainidwa ndi antchito masauzande ambiri, ponena kuti kampaniyo siyenera kuchita nawo nkhondo. Zoterezi zakakamiza makampani ena aukadaulo kuyimilira pomwe angajambule mzere. Mwachitsanzo, atachoka ku Project Maven, Google idapereka malangizo ofotokoza malingaliro ake pa kafukufuku wodalirika wa AI. Lamuloli linanena kuti kampaniyo sipanga zida za AI koma sanaletse mgwirizano womwe ukupitilizabe ndi gulu lachitetezo kuti apange zida zankhondo zosakhumudwitsa.

Zosokoneza

Kutengapo gawo pakati pa Big Tech ndi asitikali kungakhale ndi zotsatira zanthawi yayitali pamabizinesi aukadaulo awa. Makamaka, mayiko ambiri amawona makampani omwe salowerera ndale monga Google kapena Microsoft ngati ogwirizana ndi mabungwe ankhondo aku US. Popeza makampaniwa tsopano amadziwika kuti akugwira ntchito limodzi ndi chitetezo cha US, mayiko akunja akukayika kupitiliza kutengera US Big Tech pamapulogalamu ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo. Kukayikira kofananako kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zimphona zaukadaulo zaku China; mwachitsanzo, US, Canada, ndi mayiko ambiri aku Europe ayamba kuletsa njira zoyankhulirana za Huawei 5G chifukwa choopa kuyang'aniridwa ndi boma la China. 

Komanso, antchito ena omasuka omwe amagwira ntchito m'makampani aukadaulo amatha kumva kuti akuzunzidwa pakapita nthawi. Makamaka, ogwira ntchito ku Millennial ndi Gen Z amakonda kuyika ndalama zambiri pamabizinesi amakhalidwe abwino ndipo amasankha owalemba ntchito moyenerera. Ena mwa antchito achinyamatawa amatha kukhala olosera zam'mbuyo ndi kuwulula zinsinsi, zomwe zingawononge mbiri yamakampani awo. 

Komabe, US DoD ikuyang'ana kuti iwonetsere bwino momwe imachitira kafukufuku wake. Dipatimentiyi tsopano ikufuna kuti ogulitsa chipani chachitatu asindikize malangizo awo a AI omwe amawunikira momveka bwino momwe amayendetsera makina ophunzirira makina. Big Tech ikugwiritsanso mwankhanza zoyeserera zake za AI. Mwachitsanzo, Facebook idakhazikitsa gulu lake lazachikhalidwe (2018) kuti liwonetsetse kuti ma aligorivimu ndi zatsopano sizimakondera. 

Zotsatira za Big Tech ndi asitikali

Zotsatira zazikulu za Big Tech zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira ndi gawo lachitetezo zitha kuphatikiza:

• Maiko omwe ali ndi magawo otukuka aukadaulo omwe akupeza mwayi wokulirapo wankhondo kuposa anzawo osatukuka kwambiri pankhondo yamtsogolo. 
• Ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo amafunikira makampani awo kuti aziwonekera pa projekiti iliyonse yomwe akugwira, kuphatikiza kuwulula bwino omwe akukhudzidwa nawo.
• Makampani angapo, monga Google, Microsoft, ndi Amazon, akuchoka pamakontrakitala osankhidwa ankhondo ndi okhazikitsa malamulo.
• Mabungwe ankhondo akusunthira kumakampani ang'onoang'ono aukadaulo ndi oyambitsa kuti apewe kufufuzidwa.
• Miyezo ya chilengedwe, chikhalidwe, ndi utsogoleri (ESG) yoyang'ana kwambiri zamakhalidwe abwino kuwonetsetsa kuti makampani akugwiritsa ntchito AI moyenera.
• Kukula kochulukira kwamphamvu zankhondo za algorithmic, komanso ma drones odziyimira pawokha, akasinja, ndi magalimoto apansi pamadzi kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pankhondo.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Ngati mumagwira ntchito muukadaulo, kampani yanu imagwiritsa ntchito bwanji AI yodalirika?
• Kodi Big Tech ndi asitikali angagwire ntchito limodzi mowonekera komanso mwamakhalidwe?