I-Big Tech nezempi: Indawo empunga yokuziphatha

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• January 18, 2023

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Izinkampani zaseSilicon Valley zenze izinto ezintsha ezibalulekile kubuchwepheshe obuzimele, njengezimoto ezizishayelayo nama-drones. Kusukela ngawo-2010s, lezi zinto ezintsha ziye zahlungwa kancane kancane ezitakini zobuchwepheshe zamasosha emhlabeni wonke ukuthuthukisa amandla ezimpi ezizimele. Ngenxa yalokho, abasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe bomkhakha ozimele kanye nezinhlangano zamalungelo abantu emhlabeni wonke bafuna imihlahlandlela esobala kakhudlwana yokuthi amasosha amazwe abo asebenzisa kanjani ubuchwepheshe bezinkampani ezizimele.

I-Big Tech kanye nomongo wezempi

Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kwezempi kuthatha isikhathi esiningi kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali. Isakhiwo sezempi nezimboni, ngokwesibonelo, ngokuvamile sibandakanya ubambiswano lwesikhathi eside phakathi kwezinhlangano zamasosha nosonkontileka abakhulu bezokuvikela, abafana no-Lockheed Martin noRaytheon e-US. Amaphrojekthi abo afaka phakathi ukuthuthukisa izimpahla zokuvikela njengama-drones ezempi azimele kanye nabathwali bezindiza. 

Kodwa-ke, inkimbinkimbi yezempi neyezimboni iphinde ibandakanye ubudlelwano nezinye izinhlobo zezinkampani ezizimele ezingahlotshaniswa ngokwesiko nomkhakha wezokuvikela, njengezinkampani ze-Big Tech. Njengoba lobu budlelwano obusha bezokuvikela bukhula ngenani, izisebenzi eziningi ziyaqaphela ngezinkontileka ezisayinwa ngaphandle kokwazi kwazo. Isibonelo, ngo-2018, abenzi bemibiko yabasebenzi kanye nezintatheli eziphenyayo babeka esidlangalaleni ukuzibandakanya kwe-Google ne-Project Maven, umkhankaso woMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-US (DoD) osebenzisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) ukuze uqondise ukuhlaselwa kwe-drone. Abasebenzi bakwa-Google bathi inkampani ayikaze icele imvume yabo yokubamba iqhaza kulokhu nakwamanye amaphrojekthi wokuvikela.

Noma kunjalo, ngo-2018, i-Google yahoxa ku-Project Maven ngemuva kokuthi isicelo sisayinwe yizinkulungwane zabasebenzi, bethi inkampani akufanele ibe sebhizinisini lempi. Intuthuko enjalo iphoqe amanye amafemu ezobuchwepheshe ukuthi ame lapho okumele adwebe khona umugqa. Isibonelo, kulandela ukuhoxa kwayo ku-Project Maven, i-Google ikhiphe imihlahlandlela yokuziphatha echaza imibono yayo ocwaningweni lwe-AI olunesibopho. Inqubomgomo yathi inkampani ngeke yakha izikhali ezisekelwe ku-AI kodwa ayizange ikukhiphe ukusebenzisana okuqhubekayo nomkhakha wezokuvikela ukuthuthukisa amakhono ezempi angacasuli.

Umthelela Ophazamisayo

Ukuzibandakanya phakathi kwe-Big Tech namasosha kungaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside kulawa mabhizinisi obuchwepheshe. Ikakhulukazi, amazwe amaningi aya ngokuya ebuka izinkampani ezingathathi hlangothi njenge-Google noma i-Microsoft njengamadlelandawonye ezinhlangano zamasosha ase-US. Njengoba lezi zinkampani manje sezaziwa ngokuhlanganyela emkhakheni wezokuvikela wase-US, amazwe angaphandle ayabaza ukuqhubeka aye nge-US Big Tech ngesofthiwe nosekelo lobuchwepheshe. Ukungabaza okufanayo kuye kwasetshenziswa kuma-giants Chinese tech; isibonelo, i-US, Canada, kanye namazwe amaningi ase-Europe aseqalile ukuvimba izinhlelo zokuxhumana zeHuawei 5G ngenxa yokwesaba ukugadwa nguhulumeni waseShayina. 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abasebenzi abanomqondo ovulekile abasebenza ngaphakathi kwezinkampani ezinjalo zobuchwepheshe bangase bazizwe bexhashazwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ikakhulukazi, abasebenzi be-Millennial kanye ne-Gen Z bavame ukubeka inkokhelo kuzinqubo zebhizinisi ezilungile futhi bazokhetha abaqashi babo ngokufanele. Abanye balaba basebenzi abasebasha bangaze baphenduke osomahlaya badalule izimfihlo, kulimaze isithunzi senkampani yabo. 

Noma kunjalo, i-US DoD ibheke ukuphumela obala ngendlela eqhuba ngayo izinhlelo zayo zocwaningo. Manje uMnyango udinga abathengisi bezinkampani zangaphandle ukuthi bashicilele izinkombandlela zabo zokuziphatha ze-AI ezigqamisa ngokusobala ukuthi bengamela kanjani ukuthuthukiswa kokufunda komshini. I-Big Tech iphinde isebenzisa ngamandla izinhlelo zayo ze-AI ezinomthwalo wemfanelo. Isibonelo, i-Facebook isungule ibhodi layo lezimiso zokuziphatha (2018) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ama-algorithms nezici ezintsha azichemi. 

Imithelela ye-Big Tech nezempi

Imithelela ebanzi ye-Big Tech ekhula ngokubambisana nomkhakha wezokuvikela ingase ihlanganise:

• Amazwe anemikhakha yezobuchwepheshe ethuthukisiwe athola inzuzo ejulile yezempi ngaphezu kontanga abathuthukile kancane endaweni yempi yesikhathi esizayo. 
• Abasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe badinga amafemu abo ahlukene ukuthi abeke obala kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi abawenzayo, okuhlanganisa nokudalula ngokugcwele ababambiqhaza.
• Amafemu amaningana, njenge-Google, iMicrosoft, ne-Amazon, ahoxayo ezinkontileka ezikhethiwe zempi nezomthetho.
• Izinhlangano zamasosha zishintshela kumafemu amancane ezobuchwepheshe kanye neziqalo ukuze zigweme ukucutshungulwa.
• Izilinganiso zezemvelo, ezenhlalakahle, nokubusa (ESG) ezigxile kumamethrikhi wezimiso zokuziphatha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amafemu asebenzisa i-AI ngokuzibophezela.
• Ukuthuthukiswa okwandayo kwamakhono empi ye-algorithmic, kanye nama-drones azimele, amathangi, nezimoto ezingaphansi kwamanzi ezisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sempi.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Uma usebenza enkampanini yezobuchwepheshe, inkampani yakho iyisebenzisa kanjani i-AI enesibopho?
• I-Big Tech nezempi zingasebenzisana kanjani ngokusobala nangokuziphatha okuhle?