Zida zochokera ku CO2: Pamene mpweya umakhala wopindulitsa

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• November 4, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Zoyambira za Carbon to-value zikutsogolera pakubwezeretsanso mpweya wa kaboni kukhala chinthu chamtengo wapatali. Mafuta ndi zida zomangira zimawonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kochepetsera mpweya woipa (CO2) ndikutheka kwa msika. Zotsatira zake, zinthu zambiri zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito CO2, kuchokera ku mowa wapamwamba kwambiri ndi zodzikongoletsera kupita kuzinthu zothandiza kwambiri monga konkire ndi chakudya.

Zolemba za CO2-based material

Makampani opanga ma carbon tech ndi msika womwe ukukula mwachangu womwe wakhala ukulandira chidwi kuchokera kwa osunga ndalama. Lipoti la PitchBook lidawulula kuti zoyambira zaukadaulo zanyengo zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ochepetsa mpweya ndi mpweya zidakweza ndalama za $ 7.6 biliyoni mu venture capital (VC) mgawo lachitatu la 2023, kupitilira mbiri yakale yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2021 ndi $ 1.8 biliyoni. Kuphatikiza apo, Canary Media idanenanso kuti mu theka loyamba la 2023, zoyambira 633 zaukadaulo wanyengo zidakweza ndalama, kuwonjezeka kuchokera ku 586 nthawi yomweyo chaka chatha.

Kutengera kuwunika komwe kunachitika mu 2021 ndi Global CO2 Initiative ya University of Michigan, gawoli lili ndi kuthekera kochepetsa mpweya wa CO2 padziko lonse lapansi ndi 10 peresenti. Nambala iyi ikutanthauza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kaboni ndichinthu chosapeŵeka chomwe chiyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi matekinoloje ofunikira kuti akwaniritse zolinga zomwe maboma ndi mabizinesi akhazikitsa. 

Makamaka, mafuta ndi zida zomangira, monga konkire ndi zophatikizira, zimakhala ndi magawo apamwamba kwambiri ochepetsa CO2 komanso kuthekera kwa msika. Mwachitsanzo, simenti, chigawo chachikulu cha konkire, ndi amene amachititsa 7 peresenti ya mpweya wa CO2 padziko lonse. Akatswiri akuyesetsa kusintha ukadaulo wa konkriti popanga konkriti yolowetsedwa ndi CO2 yomwe simangogwira mpweya wowonjezera kutentha komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu komanso kusinthasintha kuposa momwe amachitira kale. 

Zosokoneza

Zoyambira zosiyanasiyana zikutulutsa zinthu zosangalatsa zopangidwa ndi CO2. CarbonCure yochokera ku Canada, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mchaka cha 2012, ndi amodzi mwa mabungwe oyamba kuphatikiza kaboni muzomangira. Ukadaulo umagwira ntchito pobaya CO2 mu konkire panthawi yosakaniza. CO2 yobayidwayo imakhudzidwa ndi konkriti yonyowa ndipo imasungidwa mwachangu ngati mchere. Njira zamabizinesi a CarbonCure ndikugulitsa ukadaulo wake kwa opanga zinthu zomanga. Kampaniyo imabwezeretsanso machitidwe opanga awa, kuwasandutsa mabizinesi aukadaulo wa carbon.

Air Company, yoyambira ku New York kuyambira 2017, imagulitsa zinthu zopangidwa ndi CO2 monga vodka ndi mafuta onunkhira. Kampaniyo idapanganso zotsukira manja pa nthawi ya mliri wa COVID-19. Ukadaulo wake umagwiritsa ntchito kaboni, madzi, ndi mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso ndikuzisakaniza mu riyakitala kuti apange mowa ngati ethanol.

Panthawiyi, oyambitsa khumi ndi awiri adapanga electrolyzer yachitsulo yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mphamvu zowonjezera. Bokosilo limasintha CO2 kukhala gasi wa synthesis (syngas), kuphatikiza kwa carbon monoxide ndi hydrogen. Chotsalira chokha ndi mpweya. Mu 2021, ma syngas adagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta oyamba padziko lapansi opanda mpweya wa carbon, wopanda mafuta. 

Ndipo pomaliza, ulusi woyamba ndi nsalu zopangidwa kuchokera ku mpweya womwe wagwidwa zidapangidwa mu 2021 ndi kampani yaukadaulo yaukadaulo ya LanzaTech mothandizana ndi zovala zapamwamba zamasewera a lululemon. Kupanga Mowa kuchokera ku zinyalala magwero a carbon, LanzaTech amagwiritsa ntchito njira zachilengedwe. Kampaniyo inagwirizana ndi India Glycols Limited (IGL) ndi opanga nsalu ku Taiwan Far Eastern New Century (FENC) kuti apange poliyesitala kuchokera ku ethanol yake. 

Zotsatira za CO2-based materials

Zotsatira zochulukira za CO2 zochokera kuzinthu zingaphatikizepo: 

• Maboma omwe amalimbikitsa makampani olanda ma carbon ndi ma carbon to-value kuti akwaniritse malonjezo awo a carbon net zero.
• Kuchulukitsa ndalama pakufufuza momwe carbon tech ingagwiritsire ntchito m'mafakitale ena, monga chisamaliro chaumoyo ndi kufufuza malo.
• Zoyamba zaukadaulo wa carbon tech zomwe zimagwirizana ndi makampani ndi mitundu kuti apange zinthu zopangidwa ndi kaboni. 
• Ma Brands akusintha kupita kuzinthu zopangidwa ndi kaboni ndi njira kuti apititse patsogolo mavoti awo achilengedwe, chikhalidwe, ndi ulamulilo (ESG).
• Ogula akhalidwe labwino akusintha kuzinthu za kaboni zobwezerezedwanso, kusinthira magawo amsika kukhala mabizinesi okhazikika.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa chidwi chamakampani mu carbon tech zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ma dipatimenti apadera omwe amayang'ana kwambiri kuphatikiza matekinolojewa m'mizere yopangira yomwe ilipo.
• Kuwonjezeka kwakufunika kwa akatswiri aukadaulo wa carbon tech kupangitsa mayunivesite kupanga maphunziro odzipereka ndi mapulogalamu ophunzitsira.
• Mgwirizano wapadziko lonse pakati pa maboma kuti akhazikitse malamulo aukadaulo wa kaboni, kuwongolera malonda apadziko lonse lapansi ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi maboma angalimbikitse bwanji mabizinesi kuti asinthe kukhala njira zotengera mtengo wa kaboni?
• Ndi maubwino ena ati omwe angakhalepo pakubwezereranso mpweya wa carbon?