Kubwezeretsa chilengedwe: Kubwezeretsanso kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• November 2, 2021

Kukonzanso, luso la kupuma kwa moyo kubwerera ku chilengedwe, kumatenga mitundu ingapo - kuyambira pakubweretsanso mitundu yakale ya zomera mpaka kulowerera pang'ono pakukula kwachilengedwe. Njira yachilengedwe imeneyi sikuti imangowonjezera chilengedwe komanso imatsegula njira zopezera chuma chokhazikika komanso madera athanzi. Ngakhale pali zovuta, izi zikupereka njira yolonjeza mgwirizano pakati pa zoyesayesa zoteteza, luso laukadaulo, ndi mfundo za anthu.

Kubwereza za chilengedwe

Pali mitundu ingapo ya rewilding. Pleistocene rewilding ikufuna kubweretsanso mbadwa za mitundu ya zomera kuyambira nthawi ya Pleistocene (Ice Age), zomwe zikufanana ndi kuyambitsa zamoyo zatsopano. Kubwereza mosadukiza kumafuna kuchepetsa kulowererapo kwa anthu ndikungolola chilengedwe kuchitapo kanthu ndikukulitsa mwachilengedwe. Mtundu wotsiriza ndi kusuntha kwa malo kapena kusintha kwa trophic, komwe kumaphatikizapo zinthu ziwiri: kulimbikitsa kapena kuwonjezera anthu omwe alipo kuti akhale ndi majini abwino, ndi kubwezeretsanso, zomwe zikubweretsanso chiwerengero cha mitundu yotayika kumalo ake oyambirira. 

Chitsanzo cha pulojekiti yopambana yokonzanso kusamutsa kunachitika m'zaka za m'ma 1990 ku Yellowstone National Park, pamene mimbulu inabweretsedwanso. Zotsatira zake zinali kuchuluka kwa mbawala zolamuliridwa bwino, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti mitundu ya zomera zodyetserako ibwerere. Zoyeserera zobwerezabwereza zikupitilirabe. Mu 2021, UK ikukonzekera kumasula ma beavers ku zigawo zisanu, komwe asowa kwa zaka mazana ambiri.

Zosokoneza

Kubwezeretsedwanso kwa adani aapex ndi herbivores zazikulu, zomwe zimathandizira kuti chilengedwe chisamayende bwino, zitha kubweretsa unyolo wochuluka wazakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, m'madera ozungulira madera akutchire, kukonzanso zinthu kumatha kulimbikitsa mwayi watsopano wokopa alendo, ndikupereka njira yokhazikika yopititsira patsogolo chuma cham'deralo. Kuwongolera kwa mpweya, magwero a madzi oyera, ndi kuwonjezereka kwa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana zingathandize kuti thanzi la anthu likhale labwino. Kuwonjezera apo, ndi luso lachilengedwe lodzilamulira, njirayi ikhoza kukhala yotsika mtengo kwambiri pakapita nthawi poyerekeza ndi njira zambiri zothandizira.

Lingaliro lakukonzanso malo ayambanso kukhudza njira zosungiramo zinthu zam'madzi, pomwe kukhazikitsidwa kwake kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Kubweretsanso zamoyo za m'madzi zomwe zatha kapena zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha kumadera ofunikira a m'nyanja ndi cholinga chokhazikitsanso bwino zamoyo zofunika kwambiri zachilengedwezi. Mwachitsanzo, kukonzanso zinthu kungaphatikizepo kukhazikitsa malo osungiramo zinthu zam'madzi ndi malo osasodzako, zomwe zingateteze nyama zomwe zabwerezedwanso ndi kulola kuti anthu awo azikhala bwino. Malo osungirawa athanso kukhala ngati malo oyendera alendo okonda zachilengedwe, kupereka njira ina yopezera ndalama kwa anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amadalira usodzi.

Komabe, zovuta zakukonzanso zinthu zam'madzi zimatsimikizira kufunikira kwa mgwirizano ndi nzeru zatsopano kuti ntchito zoterezi zitheke. Kuthana ndi zovuta zotsata zamoyo zomwe zidabwezedwanso m'zachilengedwe zazikulu zam'madzi, mwachitsanzo, kungafune kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo. Kufunika kumeneku kungatsegule mwayi kwa makampani aukadaulo kuti agwirizane ndi oteteza zachilengedwe pakupanga matekinoloje atsopano kapena mitundu yolosera yoyendetsedwa ndi AI. Momwemonso, maboma ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi atha kukhala ndi gawo lofunikira poletsa kupha nsomba mopambanitsa, kukhazikitsa malamulo, ndi kulimbikitsa machitidwe okhazikika, motero kupangitsa kuti pakhale malo abwino osungira nsomba zam'madzi.

Zotsatira zakukonzanso chilengedwe 

Zotsatira zazikulu za kukonzanso chilengedwe zingaphatikizepo:

• Makampani a Biotechnology omwe amapanga ma genetically modified organisms (GMOs) kuti apange mitundu yokwanira ya nyama ndi zomera kuti abwerenso.
• Makampani opanga zakudya akutsata zakudya zokhazikika powonetsetsa kuti ogulitsa akuwonjezeranso nyama ndi zomera.
• Malamulo owonjezera oteteza nyama, kuletsa zochitika zotsutsana monga kusaka ndi kupha nyama.
• Kuchulukitsa kwandalama ndi mapulojekiti okonzanso zinthu kuchokera ku maboma ndi mabungwe oteteza zachilengedwe.
• Malo/magawo okonzedwanso omwe achititsa kuti pakhale kufunika kokulirapo kwa zokopa alendo.
• Madera omwe poyamba ankadalira kwambiri mafakitale monga kudula mitengo amatha kuona kuyambiranso kwa ntchito za maulendo oyendera zachilengedwe, kuchereza alendo, kapena kasamalidwe ka kasamalidwe ka chilengedwe.
• Kukonzanso mapulojekiti omwe amagwira ntchito ngati makalasi enieni padziko lonse lapansi komwe ophunzira amaphunzira za chilengedwe, chisinthiko, ndi kasungidwe, kumalimbikitsa chidwi chachikulu cha kuyang'anira chilengedwe pakati pa mibadwo yamtsogolo.
• Matekinoloje apamwamba, monga zithunzi za satellite, ma drones, ndi AI, akugwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa sayansi ya chilengedwe.
• Kubweretsanso zilombo zomwe zikuyambitsa mikangano pakati pa alimi ndi alimi omwe amawopa ziweto zawo, zomwe zingayambitse mikangano yandale. 

Mafunso oti muyankhepo

• Kodi mukuganiza kuti kubwezera malo oti muwakonzerenso ndi lingaliro labwino? Chifukwa chiyani?
• Kodi ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zingachitike pakukonzanso zinthu m'malo osiyanasiyana?