Litšebelisano tsa mahlale tsa machaba: Ha lithuto tsa mahlale li fetoha mosebetsi oa lefats'e

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• December 16, 2022

Kakaretso ea kutloisiso

Patlisiso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso le nts'etsopele ea lithethefatsi e ka ba merero e jang chelete e ngata le e jang nako. Leha ho le joalo, ha mahlale a macha a tšebelisano-’moho a ntse a fumaneha, litsi tsa saense tse tsoang linaheng tse ngata li ntse li tsoela pele ho arolelana boitsebiso ba tsona ba liphatsa tsa lefutso le seo li se fumaneng ho etsa liphuputso tse felletseng tsa baeloji tse ka folisang maloetse a mangata. Litlamorao tsa nako e telele tsa ts'ebelisano e ntseng e eketseha ea mahlale a machabeng li ka kenyelletsa ntlafatso e potlakileng ea lithethefatsi le ente le ho eketseha ha lichelete bakeng sa lipatlisiso liindasteri.

Boemo ba machaba ba tšebelisano ea mahlale

Ha lipatlisiso tsa mahlale li ntse li tsoela pele, linaha le liunivesithi li bona ho le betere ho kopanya lisebelisoa tsa tsona ho potlakisa li sibollo. Mohlala oa boemo bo holimo oa tšebelisano e joalo e ne e le morero oa lipatlisiso oa lefats'e o sebetsanang le seoa sa COVID-19. 

Ka Hlakubele 2020 ho ne ho le thata ho ba bangata ha seoa sena se qala ho hlasela linaha lefatšeng ka bophara. Leha ho le joalo, ho Nevan Krogan, setsebi sa baeloji ea tsamaiso, e ile ea fana ka monyetla o ikhethang. Ka mosebetsi oa Krogan le Quantitative Bioscience Institute (QBI) Univesithing ea California San Francisco, o ile a haha ​​marang-rang a basebetsi-'moho ba labalabelang ho sebelisa tsebo ea bona ho sebetsana le bothata bona ba lefats'e. Haufinyane ba ile ba ikopanya le ba bang ba bangata ha sechaba sa mahlale se bokane ho leka le ho utloisisa le ho hlola COVID-19.

Litšebelisano tse ling tsa linaha tse fapaneng li hlahisitse litholoana tse monate. Mohlala ke 'mapa oa 2022 oa lisele tsa mali tsa motho. Bafuputsi ba Univesithi ea Jeremane ea Tübingen le Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Bana sa Murdoch sa Australia ba sebelisitse tatellano ea tatellano ea lisele tse le 'ngoe tsa RNA le theknoloji ea transcriptomics ea sebaka. Lisebelisoa tsena li ile tsa lumella bo-rasaense ho tseba mekhoa e ikhethang ea liphatsa tsa lefutso le mesebetsi ea lisele tse likete ka bomong le ho senola sebaka sa lisele tsena ka har'a lesea le sa tsoa emoloa. Ho ea ka Dr. Hanna Mikkola oa Univesithi ea California Los Angeles (UCLA), ea ileng a etella pele thuto, ho sibolloa hona ho ka thusa ho phekola kankere ea mali e kang leukemia le mafu a futsitsoeng a mali, ho akarelletsa le lefu la sickle cell.

Tšusumetso e senyang

Litšebelisano tsa machaba tsa saense mabapi le lipatlisiso tsa baeloji li bula mekhoa e mecha ea theknoloji ea bongaka. Ho arolelana datha, tsebo le boitseanape ho ka fokotsa litšenyehelo le ho thibela leeme la data. Mohlala, lilemong tsa bo-2010, liphuputso tse ngata tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso li ne li atisa ho qosoa ka ho lokisa litaba tsa lefutso tsa Europe ho fapana le ho kenyelletsa lisampole tse fapaneng.

E 'ngoe ea litšebelisano tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa liphuputso tsa saense lefatšeng ka bophara e ile ea thakholoa ka May 2022. E bitsoa Human Cell Atlas, morero ona o ikemiselitse ho etsa 'mapa oa lisele tsa motho tse libilione tse 37.2 'meleng lekhetlo la pele. Sehlopha sena se na le baenjiniere ba mananeo a 130, litsebi tsa lipalo, bo-ramahlale ba khomphutha, litsebi tsa baeloji, lingaka le litsebi tsa fisiks tse tsoang Israel, Sweden, Netherlands, Japan, UK le US. Bo-rasaense ba lumela hore ka ho etsa ’mapa oa ’mele oa motho ka boitsebiso boo ho seng bo tšoanang le bona, ba tla utloisisa hamolemo hore na ’mele oa motho o sebetsa joang. Tsebo ena e ka thusa ho hlahloba, ho beha leihlo le ho alafa mafu.

Sehlopha se sebelisitse li-algorithms tsa ho ithuta ka mochini ho hokahanya lisele le 6,000 ea lefutso le le leng le mafu a 2,000 a rarahaneng a lefutso. Sesebelisoa sa AI se ile sa boela sa sibolla mefuta ea lisele le liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amehang mafung, tse fanang ka motheo oa lithuto tsa nakong e tlang. Ntle le ho nka litšoantšo tsa histological tsa lisele, bafuputsi ba ile ba boela ba bokella tlhahisoleseding mabapi le lichaba tsa likokoana-hloko tse phelang likarolong tse fapaneng tsa mala a motho. Human Cell Atlas e rera ho ba le moralo oa pele o lokisitsoeng ka 2024 mme e lebelletse atlase e felletseng e lokisitsoeng ka 2030.

Liphello tsa litšebelisano tsa machaba tsa saense

Litlamorao tse pharalletseng tsa litšebelisano tsa mahlale tsa machaba li ka kenyelletsa: 

• Lithuto tsa nako e telele le tse tebileng tsa tlhaho ea motho le liphatsa tsa lefutso, tse ka lebisang tlhahlobong ea thibelo le meriana e ikhethileng.
• Mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea maiketsetso ea baeloji e ka etsisang baeloji ea sebele, ho kenyeletsoa liroboto tse phelang le body-on-a-chip.
• Ntlafatso e potlakileng ea lithethefatsi le ente ha linaha li arolelana theknoloji le liteko.
• Lipatlisiso tse fapaneng tsa bongaka tse akaretsang merabe eohle le litlaleho tsa morabe, mokhoa ona o ka lebisa tlhokomelong ea bophelo bo botle e lekanang.
• Keketseho ea lichelete le litšebelisano lipakeng tsa mafapha a naha a bophelo bo botle, mekhatlo ea lipatlisiso tsa sechaba, le liunivesithi.
• Litšebelisano tse tšoanang li ntse li sebelisoa mefuteng e mengata e fapaneng ea lithuto tse thata, tsa motheo tsa mahlale.
• Litšebelisano tse memang bafuputsi ba tsoang lichabeng tse sa tsoelang pele moruong molemong oa ho arolelana tlhahisoleseling le mekhoa e metle le lichaba tsa mahlale tse hole kapa tse fumanang lichelete tse fokolang.

Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

• Ke melemo efe e meng e ka bang teng ea tšebelisano ea ka hare ho lipatlisiso tsa mahlale?
• Mebuso e ka tšehetsa lipatlisiso tsa mofuta oo hamolemo joang?