Ka lekhetlo la pele, bafuputsi ba khonne ho lekola boitšoaro ba li-triplon, e leng karolo ea quasi-particle e entsoeng pakeng tsa li-electrone tse ferekaneng. Li qhekella haholo ho ithuta 'me ha li thehoe ka thepa e tloaelehileng ea makenete. Hona joale, bafuputsi ba khonne ho li lemoha ka lekhetlo la pele ba sebelisa litekanyo tsa sebaka sa sebele.