Izinto ezigqokwayo zokunakekelwa kwempilo: Ukwenza umugqa phakathi kwezingozi zobumfihlo bedatha nokunakekelwa kwesiguli okukude

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• December 6, 2021

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Izinto ezigqokwayo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo zishintshile zisuka kubalandeleli bezinyathelo eziyisisekelo zaya kumadivayisi asezingeni eliphezulu aqapha inhlobonhlobo yamamethrikhi ezempilo, okubonisa ukushintshela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo komuntu siqu nokukhuthele. Lawa madivayisi ahlinzeka ngedatha ebalulekile kubahlinzeki bezempilo nabahlinzeki bomshwalense, okuvumela ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwezinkinga zezempilo kanye nokuba nomthelela kumaphrimiyamu omshwalense. Kodwa-ke, lo mkhuba futhi uphakamisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu mayelana ne-cybersecurity, ubumfihlo bedatha, kanye nesidingo semithetho ebanzi yokuvikela ulwazi olubucayi.

Umongo wezingubo zokunakekelwa kwempilo

Ukuvela kwezinto ezigqokwayo zokunakekelwa kwempilo kwaqala ngamadivayisi alula njengeFitBit, eyayiklanyelwe ngokuyinhloko ukuqapha inani lezinyathelo umuntu azithatha usuku ngalunye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lawa madivayisi aguqukele kumasistimu ayinkimbinkimbi anikeza inhlobonhlobo yamakhono okuqapha impilo. Isibonelo esiyinhloko salokhu kuguquka i-Apple Series 6 Watch, eyakhishwa ngo-2020. Le divayisi ayilandeleli nje kuphela umsebenzi wansuku zonke namaphethini okulala, kodwa futhi inamandla okuxwayisa abasebenzisi uma ithola isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile, isici esingase sisindise. iphila ngokunikeza izexwayiso kusenesikhathi ngezinkinga zempilo ezingathi sína.

Ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe kuvule indlela yokwakhiwa kwemishini egqokekayo engahlola ama-electrocardiogram (ECGs) nomfutho wegazi, inikeze idatha yezempilo ebanzi nakakhulu. Ngo-2020, uPhilips wethula isiqephu esizinamathelayo se-biosensor. Le divayisi egqokekayo iyakwazi ukuqoqa idatha ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ulwazi mayelana nokunyakaza kwesiguli, izinga lokushisa lomzimba, nezinga lokuphefumula.

Lezi zigqoko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezithuthukisiwe nazo zingabelana ngolwazi ngaphandle komthungo. Abasebenzisi bangadlulisela kalula idatha eqoqwe ngamadivayisi abo agqokekayo kodokotela babo. Lesi sici sivumela ukugadwa kwesikhathi sangempela kwempilo yeziguli, okuvumela abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuthi benze ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi lapho kudingeka. Ngombono obanzi, ukukhuphuka kwalezi zinto ezigqokwayo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo okuthuthukisiwe kusho ukushintshela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo komuntu siqu nokushesha, lapho abantu bengadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni impilo nempilo yabo.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Kubahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo, idatha eqoqwe yilawa madivayisi ingaba ithuluzi elibalulekile hhayi nje kuphela ukuxilonga izimo zezempilo kodwa futhi nokuphatha ukunakekelwa kokuvimbela. Lokhu kushintshela ekunakekelweni kokuvikela kungase kunciphise umthwalo wezinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokubamba izinkinga zezempilo kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba zidinga ukwelashwa okunamandla nokubizayo. Kuzinkampani zomshwalense, idatha evela ezintweni ezigqokwayo inganikeza imininingwane ngempilo yomuntu kanye nemikhuba yezempilo, engase ibe nomthelela endleleni amaphrimiyamu omshuwalense abalwa ngayo.

Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa okwandayo kobuchwepheshe obugqokekayo nakho kuphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile mayelana ne-cybersecurity kanye nobumfihlo bedatha. Njengoba idatha yezempilo ebucayi kakhulu iqoqwa futhi yabelwana ngayo, ingozi yalolu lwazi iwela ezandleni ezingalungile iyakhula. Lokhu kungaholela ekwebiweni komazisi nasekusetshenzisweni kabi kolwazi lwezempilo lomuntu siqu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi izinkampani ezikhiqiza lawa madivayisi, kanye nabahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo kanye nabashwalensi, ukuthi batshale ezindleleni zokuphepha ku-inthanethi.

Ukulawulwa kobumfihlo bedatha, ikakhulukazi ngokuhlobene nolwazi lwezempilo, kuyindaba eyinkimbinkimbi esazulwa. Nakuba izinqubomgomo ezifana ne-General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) e-EU zisethe izindinganiso ezithile zobumfihlo bedatha, ubunikazi bedatha eqoqwe amadivayisi agqokekayo abukachazwa kahle. E-US, abenzi bemishini bangase babe ngaphansi kwemithetho yezwe neyezwe, kodwa le mithetho ingase ingaxazululi ngokugcwele izinselele eziyingqayizivele ezilethwa ubuchwepheshe bezempilo obugqokekayo.

Imithelela yezinto ezigqokwayo zokunakekelwa kwempilo 

Imithelela ebanzi yezinto ezigqokwayo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ingase ihlanganise:

• Abahlinzeki bezempilo kanye nabashwalensi baqapha ngokuyikho iziguli, bavimbele izifo ezibucayi, futhi behlisa umthwalo wokulaliswa esibhedlela.
• Abasebenzisi batshalwa kakhulu kubuchwepheshe obugqokekayo futhi bafuna amasevisi ahlobene nokufaneleka okwengeziwe.
• I-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT) enamadivayisi agqokekayo iba ngobuhlakani futhi ihlanganiswe namasevisi edijithali engeziwe.
• Ohulumeni balinganisa izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe obugqokekayo nesidingo sokuvikelwa kobumfihlo bedatha, okuholela kumthetho omusha futhi okungenzeka kube nomthelela ezivumelwaneni zamazwe ngamazwe zokwabelana ngedatha.
• Abantu abadala abazuza kubuchwepheshe obugqokekayo obungaqapha izimo zezempilo futhi yazise abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngezinkinga, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yokuphila kanye nokwandisa iminyaka yokuphila.
• Ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe ezintweni ezigqokwayo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kuqhuba ucwaningo olwengeziwe nokuthuthukiswa emikhakheni ehlobene, njengobuhlakani bokwenziwa nokuhlaziywa kwedatha.
• Isidingo samakhono ahlobene nokuthuthukiswa, ukukhiqizwa, nokuhlaziywa kwezinto ezigqokwayo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo siyanda, okuholela emathubeni amasha emisebenzi futhi okungenzeka kube nomthelela ezinhlelweni zemfundo nokuqeqeshwa.
• Ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezigqokwayo zokunakekelwa kwempilo okuholela ekugcizeleleni okukhulu kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezizinzile kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokugaywa kabusha kwemfucuza ye-elekthronikhi.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Uma ungumnikazi wezingubo zokunakekelwa kwempilo, ingabe uzithola ziwusizo futhi zisebenza kahle? Kungani noma kungani kungenjalo?
• Sithini isimo sakho ngobumfihlo bedatha kanye nezingozi ze-cybersecurity eziphakanyiswa izinto ezigqokwayo?