I-Microrobot plaque: Ukuphela kodokotela bamazinyo bendabuko

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• April 27, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ukunyuka kwamarobhothi amancane kungabumba kabusha izimboni ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle ekunakekelweni kwamazinyo kuye ekudaleni amathuba amasha emikhakheni efana nokufaka amapayipi, imfashini, nokuhlanza imvelo. Kudokotela wamazinyo, ama-microrobot angafinyeza izikhathi zokuqokwa futhi athuthukise imiphumela yokwelashwa. Ngale kodokotela bamazinyo, ukusetshenziswa kwama-microrobot kukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, kuvula iminyango yokusebenza kahle emikhakheni eyahlukene, futhi kuholela ekucatshangweni kwemingcele yokuziphatha kanye nezinselele zomthetho ezingaba khona.

Umongo we-Microrobot plaque

I-micro-robotic yokuhlanza yakhiwa ngo-2019 ngonjiniyela, odokotela bamazinyo, nongoti bebhayoloji abazinze eNyuvesi yasePennsylvania. Abacwaningi babonise ukuthi amarobhothi anomsebenzi we-catalytic angasusa ngempumelelo ama-biofilms-ukubonakaliswa okunamathelayo kwamabhaktheriya asongwe ngohlaka oluvikelayo-asebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlelo zamarobhothi ezigxile ezingqimbeni kanti enye ngaphakathi kwezindawo ezilinganiselwe.

Amarobhothi e-Catalytic antimicrobial (CARS) afaka izinhlobo ezimbili zamasistimu amarobhothi ahlomele ukuhlakaza nokukhipha ama-biofilms athuthukisiwe noma abekwe phezulu. Uhlobo lokuqala lwe-CARS lubandakanya ama-nanoparticles e-iron-oxide antantayo kuzincibilikisi kanye nokusebenzisa omazibuthe ukulima kuma-biofilms kusendlalelo. Indlela yesibili ihlanganisa ukubeka ama-nanoparticles ekubunjweni kwejeli ye-3D futhi uwasebenzise ukukhomba nokuqeda ama-biofilms aminyanisa amavesi avalelwe. Ngenxa yalokho, i-CARS yaziqeda ngempumelelo izinhlobo zamabhaktheriya, nge-matrix ezungezile ephukile futhi imfucumfucu ehlobene nayo yahlanzwa ngokunemba okukhulu.

Ukubola kwamazinyo, izifo ze-endodontic, nokungcoliswa kokufakelwa kungase kuncishiswe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe berobhothi elincane, obususa ama-biofilms. Ubuchwepheshe obufanayo bungasetshenziswa ukusiza odokotela bamazinyo emsebenzini odla isikhathi wokuhlanza uqwembe emazinyweni esiguli phakathi nokuvakasha kwamazinyo okujwayelekile. Ukwengeza, ukuhamba kwalawa marobhothi kungalawulwa kusetshenziswa inkambu kazibuthe, okuwenza akwazi ukuqondiswa ngaphandle kwesidingo soxhumano lwedatha.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ngokusiza odokotela bamazinyo nabahlanza amazinyo ekuqedeni imisebenzi ngesivinini esikhulu nangokunemba, ama-microrobots angathuthukisa isipiliyoni sesiguli sonke. Ukwehliswa kwesilinganiso sobude bokuqokwa kwamazinyo kuvumela ochwepheshe ukuba bagxile ezicini eziyinkimbinkimbi zokunakekelwa, okungenzeka kube ngcono imiphumela yezempilo yamazinyo. Kodwa-ke, lo mkhuba ungase futhi uholele ezinseleleni zezezimali kubakhiqizi bemishini yendabuko yamazinyo, njengoba imikhiqizo yabo iyancipha.

Ngokungeziwe kumthelela kubakhiqizi bemishini, ukwamukelwa kwama-microrobots kudokotela wamazinyo kungase kudinge izinguquko ezinkulu ezindleleni zemfundo. Izikole zokuqeqesha amazinyo zingase zidinge ukuthi zibuyekeze izifundo zazo ukuze zifake imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa kwamarobhothi amancane, ziqinisekise ukuthi ochwepheshe bamazinyo bakusasa bahlonyiswe ngamakhono adingekayo. Lokhu kushintshwa kokuqeqeshwa kungase kudale izisebenzi zamazinyo eziguquguqukayo futhi ezisabelayo, kodwa futhi kuletha izinselele mayelana nokuthuthukisa izinto zokufundisa ezifanele kanye nezindlela.

Ngale kwemboni yamazinyo, ukusetshenziswa okungaba khona kwamarobhothi amancane kusuka ekuthuthweni kukadoti nokuhlanza okuvamile kuya ekulungisweni kwengqalasizinda, ukufaka amapayipi amanzi, nokunakekelwa kwezingubo. Ukuphumelela kwama-microrobots kulezi zindawo kungakhuthaza onjiniyela abasha be-mechatronic ukuthi bahlole imisebenzi yokuklama nokwakha ama-microbot esizukulwane esilandelayo. Lo mkhuba ungase ukhuthaze igagasi elisha lokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, okuvula iminyango yokusebenza kahle nokunemba emikhakheni eyahlukene. 

Imiphumela yama-microrobots

Imithelela ebanzi yama-microrobots ingafaka:

• Umsebenzi wodokotela wamazinyo uya ngokuya uzenzakalela futhi usebenze kahle, ufinyeza izikhathi zokuqokwa nokuthuthukisa imiphumela yokwelashwa ezigulini, okuholela ekushintsheni okungaba khona kokulindelwe yisiguli kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokunakekela.
• Izindleko ezincishisiwe kanye nokutholakala okukhulu kwezinsizakalo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhlinza amazinyo njengoba ukukhula okuzenzakalelayo kodokotela bamazinyo kungase kucindezele abafundi abaningi bamazinyo baye ezinhlotsheni ezingcono kakhulu zobudokotela bamazinyo, kwandise ukufinyelela ekwelapheni okukhethekile.
• Ukwenyusa izindleko ezimaphakathi zokuvula imitholampilo yodokotela bamazinyo emisha, okungase kukhawulele ukukhula kwemitholampilo yodokotela bamazinyo ezimele kanye namanethiwekhi odokotela bamazinyo aholwa abatshalizimali, okungase kuguqule isimo sokuncintisana somkhakha.
• Ezinye izimboni nezinsizakalo ezithatha ama-microrobot, njengamapayipi okuhlanza amapayipi avaliwe, okuholela ekunakekeleni okusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ngokunokwenzeka nokunciphisa isidingo somsebenzi wezandla kule mikhakha.
• Imikhiqizo yemfashini isebenzisa ama-microrobot ukuhlanza amabala ezimpahla noma ukwenza impahla ehlukahlukene imelane namabala nomonakalo, okuholela ekuphileni kwezingubo ezinwetshiwe kanye nokushintsha okungaba khona emikhubeni yokuthenga kwabathengi.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-microrobot emisebenzi yokuhlanza imvelo, njengokulungisa ukuchitheka kukawoyela noma ukuqoqwa kwemfucuza, okuholela ezimpendulweni ezisebenza ngempumelelo ezinkingeni zemvelo.
• Ushintsho emakethe yezabasebenzi luye kumakhono akhethekile wobunjiniyela nezinhlelo ukuklama nokugcina ama-microrobots, okuholela emathubeni amasha emisebenzi kodwa nokugudluzwa okungaba khona kwezindima zendabuko zabasebenzi.
• Ohulumeni basebenzisa imithethonqubo yokuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphephile nokunesimilo kwama-microrobots, okuholela emikhubeni emisiwe kanye nezinselelo ezingokomthetho ezingaba khona njengoba ubuchwepheshe bukhula.
• Amathuba okuthi amarobhothi amancane asetshenziswe ekugadweni noma ezinhlelweni zokuphepha, okuholela ekukhathazekeni kobumfihlo futhi kudinge ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwemingcele yokuziphatha.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamarobhothi amancane kwezolimo ukwenza imisebenzi efana nokuthuthwa kwempova noma ukulawula izinambuzane, okuholela emikhubeni yokulima enembayo neqhubekayo, kodwa futhi kuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yesikhathi eside kumvelo wemvelo.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ungawasebenzisa kanjani ama-microrobots emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke?
• Yiziphi iziqondiso zokuziphatha, uma zikhona, okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kusetshenziswa ama-microrobots emikhakheni ehlobene nempilo yabantu?