I-Urban Sprawl Ingacekela phansi Indawo yethu Yemvelo Nenhlalo

“Ukusabalala kwamadolobha sekuphume ekulawuleni futhi sekuphenduke inkinga enkulu nekhula ngokushesha”, ngokocwaningo lwango-2015, olubhalwe ngokubambisana umcwaningi we-Concordia, uNaghmeh Nazarnia. IMontreal kanye neQuebec City amadolobha aseCanada ahlangabezane namazinga aphezulu okugcwala kwamadolobha eminyakeni engama-25 edlule, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi akhule nakakhulu. Ngo-2031 inani labantu baseMontreal kulindeleke ukuthi likhule nabantu abangu-530.000, abazimisele ngokuhlala ezindaweni zokuhlala emadolobheni. 

Kuyini ngempela ukusabalala kwedolobha?

Abacwaningi bokusabalala kwezindawo zasemadolobheni bachaza lesi simo ngokuthi “ukusabalala kwentuthuko yasemadolobheni, njengezindlu nezindawo zezitolo, endaweni engathuthukisiwe eduze nedolobha.” Umbiko we-Concordia wangowezi-2015 uchaza ukusabalala kwamadolobha njengokukhona kakhulu ezindaweni ezimaphakathi nedolobha, ugu, kanye namaphasishi ezokuthutha lapho kuvela khona izindawo ezingaphansi kwedolobha.

Kusukela ngo-2008 ngaphezu kwesigamu sabantu emhlabeni bebelokhu behlala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, okwenza lo mnyakazo ube ngowendawo yonke. Emazweni asathuthuka, lokhu kusuka emaphandleni kuya edolobheni ngokwengxenye kungenxa yokufuna imisebenzi kanye nemibono engcono yezezimali.

Nokho, eNyakatho-Melika, isizathu sokwanda singatholakala esifisweni sabantu sokuhlala nomkhaya wabo ekhaya elinomkhaya owodwa endaweni engaphansi kwedolobha elinabantu abaningi. Izintengo zegesi ziphansi, ngakho ukuncika ezimotweni akuyona inkinga kule mizi.

Imiphumela

Nakuba abantu behlala ezindaweni ezivulekile ngenxa yokwanda kwamadolobha, kunemiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside endaweni ezungezile. Izindawo ezinabantu abaningi zaziwa ngokuthi 'iziqhingi zokushisa zasemadolobheni', lapho izinga lokushisa liphakeme kakhulu kunezindawo zasemakhaya ezizungezile ngenxa yezenzo zabantu. Ngokukhula kokusabalala kwedolobha, lesi ‘siqhingi sokushisa sasemadolobheni’-umphumela uba phezulu.

Futhi, ukusetshenziswa komhlaba okukhulu kusho ukuthi ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kanye nesisi esingcolisa umoya kuzokhula, okubangele ukungena kwesimiso sezinto eziphilayo nendawo yazo ezungezile kanye nokulahlekelwa indawo yezilwane ezihlala eduze namadolobha. Ezingeni lenhlalo, kusho ukuthi kuzoba nesiminyaminya esengeziwe, izikhathi ezinde zokuhamba, kanye nokuncipha kokubandakanyeka komphakathi emphakathini, okuyilokho kanye okwenzeka kwamanye amadolobha amakhulu aseCanada nasezindaweni ezizungezile.

Ukuhlela okungcono

Umbiko we-Concordia usitshela ukuthi esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuqhubeka nokusabalala kwamadolobha ukungahleleki kwezikhungo ezikhona kanye nokungabikho kwe-ejensi yokuhlela yedolobha lonke. Ngemva kokuqhathanisa iQuebec neMontreal neZurich, idolobha laseSwitzerland okwakudingeka libhekane nezinga eliphakeme lokusakazeka, izazi zaphetha ngokuthi izinga eliphezulu lezokuthutha zomphakathi nokuhlela indawo kungaxazulula ingxenye enkulu yenkinga.  https://www.cyburbia.org/forums/showthread.php?t=27507

Okuwukuphela kwendlela esingamisa ngayo ukusabalala kwamadolobha ukubeka imithethonqubo eyengeziwe. Izixazululo zamadolobha afana neQuebec neMontreal zingabandakanya ukwethulwa kohlelo olusha lwentela kanye nemikhawulo ekwakhiweni kwemigwaqo nezakhiwo emisha; imithethonqubo ebilokhu ikhona eZurich iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi.  

Esinye isixazululo kungaba ukunwetshwa kohlelo lwezokuthutha zomphakathi lwaseQuebecois. Njengoba iMontreal isivele inohlelo olubanzi lwezokuthutha zomphakathi olusebenza ngaphansi komhlaba, uhlelo olukhulu lwezithuthi zomphakathi eQuebec lungaxhuma izikhungo zedolobha elisenkabeni yedolobha, ukuze lezi zindawo zihlale zixhumekile.  https://www.flickr.com/photos/davduf/44851529

Democracy

E-Switzerland, umbono womphakathi uhlonishwa kahle futhi uvezwa kunhlolovo nasezikhungweni. Lolu hlobo oluseqophelweni eliphezulu lwentando yeningi selwenze ukugcwala kwamadolobha kube nomkhawulo lapho. Ngethemba ukuthi uhulumeni waseCanada, wombuso kanye nomasipala, bayawubona umthelela wokusabalala kwamadolobha endaweni kanye nomphakathi ngaphambi kokuba kuphuze kakhulu.