Kuyanjanitsa kwa AI: Kufananiza zolinga zanzeru zopangira zimagwirizana ndi zomwe anthu amafunikira

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  Quantumrun Foresight
• January 25, 2023

Kulumikizana kwa Artificial Intelligence (AI) ndi pamene zolinga za dongosolo la AI zimagwirizana ndi makhalidwe aumunthu. Makampani monga OpenAI, DeepMind, ndi Anthropic ali ndi magulu a ofufuza omwe cholinga chawo ndicho kuphunzira zolondera za zochitika zosiyanasiyana zomwe izi zingachitike.

Kugwirizana kwa AI

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofufuza wa 2021 University of Cornell, kafukufuku angapo awonetsa kuti zida kapena mitundu yopangidwa ndi ma aligorivimu amawonetsa kukondera kochokera pazomwe adaphunzitsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, pokonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe (NLP), sankhani mitundu ya NLP yophunzitsidwa pamagulu ochepa a data alembedwa akulosera motengera malingaliro oyipa omwe amatsutsana ndi amuna kapena akazi. Momwemonso, kafukufuku wina adapeza kuti ma algorithms ophunzitsidwa pa data yosokoneza amabweretsa malingaliro okondera, makamaka apolisi.

Pali zitsanzo zambiri zomwe makina ophunzirira makina achita zoyipa kwambiri kwa anthu ochepa kapena magulu omwe akuvutika ndi zovuta zingapo. Makamaka, kuyang'ana nkhope ndi matenda aumoyo nthawi zambiri sizigwira ntchito bwino kwa amayi ndi anthu amitundu. Pamene machitidwe ovuta omwe ayenera kuzikidwa pa zowona ndi zomveka m'malo mwa kutengeka mtima amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga kugawa chithandizo chamankhwala kapena maphunziro, akhoza kuwononga kwambiri popangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzindikira zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa malingalirowa.

Zotsatira zake, makampani aukadaulo akupanga magulu olumikizana ndi AI kuti ayang'ane kwambiri pakusunga ma aligorivimu mwachilungamo komanso mwaumunthu. Kafukufuku ndi wofunikira kuti timvetsetse momwe machitidwe a AI apamwamba akuyendera, komanso zovuta zomwe tingakumane nazo pamene luso la AI likukula.

Zosokoneza

Malinga ndi a Jan Leike, wamkulu wa AI alignment ku OpenAI (2021), popeza makina a AI atha kukwanitsa zaka za m'ma 2010, ndizomveka kuti kafukufuku wambiri wa AI wakhala akulemera kwambiri. Makina amphamvu kwambiri a AI akalumikizidwa, chimodzi mwazovuta zomwe anthu amakumana nazo ndikuti makinawa amatha kupanga mayankho omwe ndi ovuta kuwunikira ndikuwunika ngati ali omveka bwino.

Leike adapanga njira yobwerezabwereza (RRM) kuti athetse vutoli. Ndi RRM, ma AI angapo "othandizira" amaphunzitsidwa kuthandiza munthu kuwunika momwe AI yovuta kwambiri imagwirira ntchito. Iye ali ndi chiyembekezo chotheka kupanga chinthu chomwe amachitcha "mgwirizano wa MVP." Poyambira, MVP (kapena chinthu chocheperako) ndiye chinthu chosavuta chomwe kampani ingapange kuyesa lingaliro. Chiyembekezo ndi chakuti tsiku lina, AI ikugwirizana ndi momwe anthu amachitira pofufuza AI ndi kugwirizanitsa kwake ndi makhalidwe abwino pamene ikugwiranso ntchito.

Ngakhale kuchulukirachulukira pakuwongolera kwa AI ndikwabwino, akatswiri ambiri akuganiza kuti "makhalidwe" ambiri omwe amagwira ntchito yotsogolera ma lab a AI ndi ubale wapagulu womwe umapangidwira kuti makampani aukadaulo aziwoneka bwino ndikupewa kulengeza koyipa. Anthuwa sayembekezera kuti zitukuko zamakhalidwe abwino zikhale zofunika kwambiri m'makampaniwa posachedwa.

Zowona izi zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa njira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zoyeserera kulinganiza phindu, chifukwa ili ndi gawo latsopano la kafukufuku wamakhalidwe ndi luso. Nthambi zosiyanasiyana zachidziwitso ziyenera kukhala gawo la kafukufuku wophatikiza. Izi zikuwonetsanso kufunikira kwa akatswiri aukadaulo ndi opanga mfundo kuti azikhalabe odziwa za chikhalidwe chawo komanso okhudzidwa nawo, ngakhale machitidwe a AI akupita patsogolo kwambiri.

Zotsatira za kulumikizana kwa AI

Zotsatira zazikulu za kulumikizana kwa AI zingaphatikizepo: 

• Ma laboratories a Artificial intelligence amalemba ntchito ma board osiyanasiyana kuti aziyang'anira ma projekiti ndikukwaniritsa malangizo a AI. 
• Maboma amapanga malamulo omwe amafuna kuti makampani apereke dongosolo lawo la AI komanso momwe akukonzekera kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zawo za AI.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mikangano pakugwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms polemba anthu ntchito, kuyang'anira anthu, komanso kukhazikitsa malamulo.
• Ofufuza akuthamangitsidwa ku ma lab akuluakulu a AI chifukwa cha mikangano ya chidwi pakati pa makhalidwe abwino ndi zolinga zamakampani.
• Kukakamizidwa kochulukira kwa maboma kuti aziwongolera machitidwe apamwamba a AI omwe ali amphamvu kwambiri koma amatha kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu.

Mafunso oti muyankhepo

• Kodi makampani angayankhe bwanji pamakina a AI omwe amapanga?
• Ndi zoopsa zina ziti zomwe zingakhalepo ngati pali kusanja kwa AI?