Maselo a IPS ndi tsogolo lamankhwala

Nditaphunzira koyamba za Ma cell a Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell zinali zovuta kukhulupirira. Sayansi yapeza njira yochotsera ena mwamaselo akhungu lanu, kukonzanso maselowo kukhala ma cell tsinde ndikusandutsa ma cell tsinde kukhala selo lililonse m'thupi lanu, ndikutembenuza ma cell akulu akulu kukhala minofu yobadwa kumene. Kupezako kunapatsidwa mwayi Mphoto ya Nobel mu Medicine mu 2012 ndipo zapangitsa ambiri azachipatala kukhulupirira kuti ngati titha kubweza ma cell ndikubwezeretsa unyamata wawo, tsiku lina titha kuchita chimodzimodzi ndi matupi athu onse?

Monga zonse zabwino zomwe zapezedwa, zimatenga nthawi kuchoka ku labu kupita ku chipatala, koma maselo a IPS ali ndi kuthekera kosintha momwe mankhwala amagwiritsidwira ntchito ndikuthandizira kutsegula mafakitale atsopano azachipatala. Njira yamakono yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala, pamene mankhwala amodzi amapangidwa kuti athe kuchiza aliyense amene ali ndi matenda, adzalowa m'malo ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala opangira munthu aliyense payekha komanso chibadwa chake. Mafakitale atsopanowa amatchedwa mankhwala ochiritsira komanso mankhwala opangidwa ndi munthu payekha.

Chithandizo chimodzi chomwe chili pamtima pakukula kwatsopano kumeneku ndi ma cell cell. M'mbuyomu kafukufuku wambiri wa ma stem cell ankachitika pogwiritsa ntchito embryonic stem cell(ESCs) otengedwa ku minofu ya mwana wosabadwayo. Masiku ano ofufuza ochulukirachulukira akutembenukira ku ma cell a IPS chifukwa odwala omwe ali ndi ESCs amayenera kumwa ma immuno-suppressers owopsa kuti ateteze chitetezo cha mthupi lawo kuti chisawukire ma cell atsopano akunja. Koma ma cell a IPS amachokera kwa odwalawo ndipo motero amagawana DNA yofanana ndi ma cell ena onse m'thupi la odwala chotero palibe chitetezo cha mthupi. Komanso chifukwa ali ndi DNA yemweyo amakonda kugwira ntchito bwino akabwezeretsedwa m'thupi. Kuonjezerapo, palinso zovuta zokhudzana ndi makhalidwe abwino chifukwa palibe minofu ya fetal yomwe imakhudzidwa.

Ndinaphunzira koyamba zamatsenga a maselo a IPS paulendo wa labu ya Dr. Jeanne Loring ku Scripps ku San Diego komwe gulu ku Summit for Stem Cells lab ikugwira ntchito pamankhwala atsopano a Parkinson. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma cell a IPS omwe amatengedwa kuchokera kwa odwala amatha kukulitsa ma dopamine omwe amapanga ma neurons ndikuyika ma cellwo muubongo wa odwala kuti alowe m'malo mwa maselo omwe matendawa adapha. Thandizo laposachedwa ngati limeneli lingathe kukhala sitepe yofunika kwambiri popanga mankhwala ochiza matenda okhudza ubongo.

Kenako ndinayendera labu ya Dr. Steven Finkbeiner ku Gladstone Institute ku San Francisco. Limodzi mwavuto lalikulu lomwe gulu la asayansi limakumana nalo poyesa kuthana ndi zovuta monga khansa kapena matenda amitsempha ndikuti tilibe mitundu yokwanira yoyesera njira zatsopano zochiritsira. Dr. Finkbeiner ndi labu yake akuyesera kuthetsa vutoli ndi maselo a IPS pamodzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina ophunzirira. Mothandizana ndi Google apanga makina omwe amagwira ntchito zonse labu mosadalira ndipo amatenga zithunzi zowoneka bwino zama cell pa sitepe iliyonse akamakula kuchokera ku ma cell a khungu kupita ku cell cell kupita ku cell iliyonse yomwe angakhale. Ma algorithms ndiye amasanthula zithunzizo ndikuyang'ana mawonekedwe kuti aziwonetsa molondola kwambiri kuposa momwe munthu aliyense angachitire. Komanso popeza ndi odwala omwe ali ndi ma cell, akukhulupirira kuti chithandizo chilichonse chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa iwo chimakhala ndi mwayi wokulirapo wothandiza kwa wodwalayo.

Zambiri zikuchitika ku McEwen Center mkati mwa malo atsopano a biotech ku Toronto omwe ali pafupi ndi nyumba yodziwika bwino ya Mars. Kumeneko, pansi pa Dr. Gordon Keller, maselo a IPS akukulirakulira kukhala chirichonse kuchokera ku impso kupita ku maselo a m'mapapo ndikuyembekeza kuti adzatha kupanga mankhwala atsopano odalirika a matenda osiyanasiyana. Ndili kumeneko ndinaona maselo amtima amasiku 13 ndi makina oonera zinthu zing’onozing’ono. Labu basi adagwirizana ndi Bayer Pharmaceutics mpaka $225 miliyoni kuti asandutse Toronto kukhala malo opangira mankhwala ochiritsira padziko lonse lapansi.