Kusungirako mphamvu ya gridi: Ukadaulo wa batri umabweretsa moyo pakusungidwa kwa gridi

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• Mwina 13, 2024

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Kusungirako mphamvu mu gridi kukusintha momwe timagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso, kupangitsa kuti tizitha kusunga magetsi kuchokera kumagwero monga mphepo ndi sola pakufunika kwambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba wa batri, njira iyi imapereka mphamvu yodalirika kuposa zongowonjezera. Ukadaulo uwu umapangitsa mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso kukhala zodalirika komanso zofikirika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mphamvu, kupanga mfundo, komanso kuyika ndalama pamsika.

Gridi-mulingo wosungira mphamvu

Kusungirako mphamvu zama gridi kumatha kusunga magetsi opangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zongowonjezwdwa pa nthawi yopanga kwambiri ndikubwezeretsanso ku gridi yamagetsi ikafunikira kwambiri kapena kupanga kwachepa. Pafupifupi 12 peresenti yamagetsi opangira magetsi ku US amachokera kumphepo ndi dzuwa (malinga ndi International Energy Agency), zomwe zimadutsa pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha nyengo zosiyanasiyana. Njira zosungiramo mphamvu ndizofunikira kuti muwonjezere kudalirika kwa magwero ongowonjezedwawa komanso zomwe amathandizira pakuchotsa kaboni gridi yamagetsi, ngakhale zosankha zotsika mtengo pamlingo wanthawi zonse zakhala zovuta.

Kupita patsogolo kumodzi kodziwika ndikupangidwa kwa batri ya redox-flow ndi ofufuza a ku Harvard University, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma electrolyte amadzimadzi. Zatsopanozi zimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a quinone kapena hydroquinone mu electrolyte, omwe amapereka phindu pamtengo, chitetezo, kukhazikika, komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu. Quino Energy, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kuti ipange malonda ukadaulo uwu, yakopa chidwi chifukwa cha lonjezo lake lothana ndi kukhazikika kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso. Batire yothamangayi imayang'ana kutulutsa kwa maola 5 mpaka 20, ndikuyiyika ngati njira yopikisana ndi mabatire a lithiamu-ion akanthawi kochepa, makamaka pamapulogalamu osungira a grid-scale stationary.

Kukula ndi kukhudzika komwe kungakhudzidwe ndiukadaulo wosungira mphamvu zamagetsi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi thandizo lochokera ku dipatimenti yazamagetsi ku US, yomwe idapatsa Quino Energy USD $ 4.58 miliyoni kuti ithandizire kupanga njira yowongoka komanso yotsika mtengo yopangira mabatire oyenda. Ndalamazi zikuwonetsa njira yokulirapo yochepetsera mtengo wanthawi yayitali, yosungira mphamvu ya gridi ndi 90% mkati mwazaka khumi poyerekeza ndiukadaulo wa lithiamu-ion. Mayendedwe a Quino Energy atha kuthetsa kufunikira kwa fakitale yamankhwala yachikhalidwe polola batire yothamanga kuti ipange zotulutsa zake.

Zosokoneza

Ndi njira zosungiramo mphamvu zowonetsetsa kuti magetsi azipezeka mosasunthika kuchokera kumagwero ongowonjezedwanso, ogula amatha kuwona kuchepa kwa mtengo wamagetsi pakapita nthawi chifukwa kudalira mafuta okwera mtengo akuchepa. Kusinthaku kumalimbikitsanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa matekinoloje apanyumba anzeru omwe amawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kuchepetsa ndalama zolipirira magetsi m'nyumba komanso kupititsa patsogolo chilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, kudalirika kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kungayambitse mwayi watsopano wantchito muukadaulo wobiriwira komanso magawo oyang'anira mphamvu monga kufunikira kwa ukadaulo m'maderawa kukuwonjezeka.

Kwa makampani, kusintha kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwwdwa, kukulitsidwa ndi njira zosungiramo grid-scale, kumapereka mwayi wapawiri wakupulumutsa mtengo ndi udindo wamakampani. Mabizinesi omwe akugwiritsa ntchito ma microgrid awo amatha kukhala osadalira gululi yamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zotsika mtengo komanso kudziyimira pawokha kwamagetsi. Izi zitha kupangitsanso makampani kuti aganizirenso zamayendedwe awo, ndikuyika patsogolo kukhazikika komanso kulimba mtima polimbana ndi kusokonekera kwanyengo. Kuphatikiza apo, makampani omwe amaika ndalama muukadaulo wamagetsi ongowonjezwdwanso amatha kukulitsa mbiri yawo, kukopa makasitomala ndi osunga ndalama omwe amayamikira kusamalira chilengedwe.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa matekinoloje osungira mphamvu zamagetsi mu gridi kungafunike kusinthidwa kwa mfundo zamphamvu zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso zapadziko lonse lapansi kuti zithandizire kuphatikiza magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa mu gridi ya dziko. Maboma atha kupereka zolimbikitsira pakufufuza ndi chitukuko chosungira mphamvu, kulimbikitsa luso komanso kuchepetsa ndalama. Pomaliza, kudalirika ndi kudalirika kwa njira zosungiramo mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zitha kupangitsa kuti mayiko ambiri azidziyimira pawokha, kuchepetsa kufunikira kotumiza mphamvu kuchokera kunja ndikuwonjezera chitetezo cha dziko.

Zotsatira zakusungidwa kwa grid-scale mphamvu

Zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri pakusungidwa kwamagetsi mu gridi zingaphatikizepo: 

• Kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito zamagalimoto chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kudalira mafakitale okwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi azitsika kwa ogula.
• Kuchulukitsa kwa ndalama zamapulojekiti ongowonjezwdwanso monga kusungirako kwa gridi kumapereka zosunga zodalirika, kukopa ndalama zachinsinsi komanso zaboma.
• Kupititsa patsogolo kulimba kwa gridi polimbana ndi masoka achilengedwe komanso kusintha kwanyengo, kuchepetsa kuzima kwa magetsi ndikuwongolera mayankho adzidzidzi.
• Kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu kwa ogula kudzera mukupanga mphamvu zamagetsi, kulola anthu kugulitsanso mphamvu zochulukirapo ku gridi ndikuchepetsa ndalama zomwe amawononga.
• Maboma akuwunikanso mfundo za mphamvu zamagetsi kuti aphatikizire mphamvu zosungira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu zowonjezedwanso zolimba komanso zolimbikitsa zaukadaulo waukhondo.
• Kupititsa patsogolo kutha kwa malo opangira magetsi a malasha ndi gasi, kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha komanso kuthandizira kuyesetsa kwapadziko lonse kuthana ndi kusintha kwanyengo.
• Kuthekera kwa kusinthika kwamitengo yamagetsi pamene misika ikusintha pakuphatikizana kowonjezereka kwa magwero ongowonjezwdwa, zomwe zimakhudza kusintha kwa malonda padziko lonse lapansi.
• Kusiyana kwachitukuko cha m'matauni ndi kumidzi monga momwe polojekiti yosungiramo magetsi imakondera malo omwe ali ndi malo ochulukirapo komanso zowonjezera zowonjezera, zomwe zimafuna kulowererapo kwa ndondomeko kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti pali mwayi wopeza mphamvu zoyera.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku ungasinthe bwanji ndi mphamvu zotsika mtengo komanso zodalirika zongowonjezedwanso?
• Kodi maboma ang'onoang'ono angathandizire bwanji kuyika njira zosungiramo mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti madera onse akupezeka mwachilungamo?