Imidlalo yevidiyo enikwe amandla i-AI: Ingabe i-AI ingaba umklami womdlalo olandelayo?

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• April 27, 2023

Ngentuthuko yobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI), imishini ingakhiqiza imidlalo yevidiyo isebenzisa ama-algorithms nokufunda komshini (ML). Nakuba imidlalo ekhiqizwe i-AI ingase inikeze izici eziyingqayizivele neziqanjiwe, kusazobonakala ukuthi ingakwazi yini ukufanisa ubuhlakani nokuqondisisa kwabaklami begeyimu yabantu. Ekugcineni, impumelelo yemidlalo ekhiqizwe yi-AI izoncika ekutheni ingalinganisa kahle kanjani ukuqanjwa okusha nolwazi lomsebenzisi nokulindelwe ngabadlali abangabantu.

Okuqukethwe kwemidlalo yevidiyo enikwe amandla yi-AI

Imidlalo yevidiyo enikwe amandla i-AI ivumele ukufundwa komshini ukuthi kuthuthuke ngokwanele ukwehlula abantu emidlalweni ethile. Isibonelo, uhlelo lwe-IBM lwe-DeepBlue lwahlula umpetha we-chess waseRussia u-Garry Kasparov ngo-1997 ngokucubungula izindlela ezahlukene abantu abadlala ngazo igeyimu. Amalebhu e-ML amakhulu anamuhla, njenge-DeepMind yakwaGoogle kanye nengalo yocwaningo ye-Facebook ye-AI, zisebenzisa izindlela ezithuthuke kakhulu ukufundisa imishini ukuthi idlalwa kanjani imidlalo yevidiyo eyinkimbinkimbi neyinkimbinkimbi. 

Amalebhu asebenzisa amanethiwekhi e-neural ajulile anika amandla amadivayisi ukuthi acubungule izendlalelo nezendlalelo zedatha ezinemba kakhulu ekuhlobaniseni izithombe nemibhalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amageyimu evidiyo manje angakwazi ukufaka izinqumo ezisheshayo, imihlaba evulekile, nezinhlamvu ezinembile ezingadlaleki ezingahlanganyela nabadlali ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bayavuma ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-AI ingathola ehlakaniphile kangakanani, basalawulwa yimithetho ethile. Uma ama-AI evunyelwe ukudala amageyimu evidiyo ngokwawo, le midlalo cishe izoba engaqageleki kakhulu ukuthi ingadlaleka.

Ngaphandle kwemikhawulo, imidlalo yevidiyo ekhiqizwe yi-AI isivele isiqalile ukuvela emakethe. Le midlalo idalwe kusetshenziswa ama-algorithms e-ML angahlaziya amaphethini nokuziphatha kwabadlali ukuze bakhe ukuzizwisa komuntu siqu kwegeyimu. Imidlalo yakhelwe ukujwayelana nokuncanyelwayo komdlali ngamunye. Njengoba umdlali eqhubeka nomdlalo, isistimu ye-AI ikhiqiza okuqukethwe okusha nezinselelo zokugcina umdlali ebambekile. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Amandla e-AI okudala imihlaba eyinkimbinkimbi, abalingisi, nemiklamo yezinga legeyimu makhulu kakhulu. Ngo-2018, uzakwabo ocwaninga ngeRoyal Academy of Engineering uMike Cook wasakaza endaweni yemidlalo iTwitch ukuthi i-algorithm ayidalile (ebizwa ngokuthi u-Angelina) iklama kanjani imidlalo ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngenkathi u-Angelina ekwazi ukuklama imidlalo ye-2D kuphela, okwamanje, iba ngcono ngokwakha imidlalo yangaphambilini eyihlanganisile. Izinguqulo zakuqala azidlaleki, kodwa u-Angelina ufunde ukuthatha izingxenye ezinhle zegeyimu ngayinye eyiklanyelwe ukudala inguqulo ebuyekeziwe engcono kakhulu. 

U-Cook uthi ngokuzayo, i-AI emidlalweni yevidiyo izoba ngumklami onikeza iziphakamiso zesikhathi sangempela kubahlanganyeli babo abangabantu ukuze bathuthukise umuzwa wokudlala igeyimu. Le ndlela kulindeleke ukuthi isheshise inqubo yokuthuthukisa umdlalo, ivumele izitudiyo zegeyimu ezincane ukuthi zikhule ngokushesha futhi ziqhudelane nezitudiyo ezinkulu embonini. Ukwengeza, i-AI ingasiza abaklami ukuthi bakhe ukuzizwisa kwegeyimu okucwiliswa kakhulu futhi komuntu siqu kwabadlali. Ngokuhlaziya ukuziphatha komdlali nokuthandwayo, i-AI ingalungisa amazinga obunzima bokudlala igeyimu, izimo ezishintshayo, futhi iphakamise nezinselele zokugcina abadlali babambekile. Lezi zici zingaholela kumuzwa wegeyimu onamandla kakhudlwana oguqukayo njengoba umdlali eqhubeka negeyimu, okwenza konke ukuzizwisa kulungele ukuphinda ukudlala.

Imithelela yemidlalo yevidiyo enikwe amandla i-AI

Imithelela ebanzi yemidlalo yevidiyo enikwe amandla i-AI ingafaka:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwamanethiwekhi e-generative adversarial (GAN) ukwakha imihlaba ekholeka kakhudlwana ngokuqeqesha ama-algorithms ukukopisha ngokunembile (nokuthuthukisa) izithenjwa zempilo yangempela.
• Izinkampani zemidlalo ezithembele kubadlali be-AI ukudlala imidlalo yokuhlola nokuthola izimbungulu ngokushesha okukhulu.
• I-AI engasungula izimo njengoba igeyimu iqhubeka ngokusekelwe kokuthandwayo komdlali nedatha yomuntu siqu (okungukuthi, amaleveli athile angase abonise idolobha lasekhaya lomdlali, ukudla okuyintandokazi, njll.).
• Imidlalo yevidiyo ekhiqizwe yi-AI ingase ibe nomthelela ekuziphatheni komphakathi ngokukhuthaza ukuziphatha okuluthayo, ukuzihlukanisa nomphakathi, nezindlela zokuphila ezingenampilo phakathi kwabadlali.
• Ubumfihlo bedatha nokukhathazeka ngokuvikeleka njengoba onjiniyela begeyimu bengase baqoqe futhi basebenzise idatha yomuntu siqu ukuze bathuthukise ukuzizwisa kwegeyimu.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nemishini emisha yegeyimu, engasheshisa ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obungokoqobo nobungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona.
• Ukuncipha kwesidingo sabaklami bemidlalo engabantu nabahleli bezinhlelo, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwemisebenzi. 
• Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwehardware yokudlala kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemfucuza ye-elekthronikhi.
• Imithelela eyahlukene yezempilo, njengokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwengqondo noma ukwandisa ukuziphatha kokunganyakazi.
• Izimboni ezingaphandle, njengokumaketha, ezingahlanganisa lezi zindlela ezintsha zokudlala ze-AI ekwenziweni komdlalo nemisebenzi yazo nezinsizakalo.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ucabanga ukuthi i-AI izowuguqula kanjani futhi umkhakha wezokudlala?
• Uma ungumdlali, i-AI ikuthuthukise kanjani ukuzizwisa kwakho kwegeyimu?