Ingabe ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo kwesikhathi esizayo kungavinjelwa? Isayensi nemithi mjaho wewashi

Ososayensi kanye nezinkampani ezinkulu ezithaka imithi ezifana noPfizer, Novartis, Bayer kanye noJohnson & Johnson, azigijimisi neze ukwelapha izifo zenhliziyo. Ngokungafani nezinye izifo eziningi, isifo senhliziyo akulona igciwane noma amagciwane asekelwe, ngakho angeke selashwe ngokushesha ngomuthi owodwa noma umgomo. Nokho, isayensi nemithi yesimanje ijaha enye indlela yokubhekana nalesi sifo: ukubikezela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke.

Kunesidingo esikhulu salokhu kanye nomuzwa wokuphuthuma okukhulu, uma kubhekwa iqiniso lokuthi ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo manje kuthinta abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-26 emhlabeni wonke, okwenza kube enye yezinselele ezinkulu zezempilo emhlabeni.

Kwenziwa intuthuko enhle kwezokwelapha kulesi siqondiso senhliziyo. Imiphumela yesayensi eyethulwa emhlanganweni wokugcina waminyaka yonke we-American Heart Association eNew Orleans, e-U.S.A., yembula ukutholakala kokusetshenziswa kwezinzwa ukuze kubikezelwe izenzakalo zenhliziyo ngokuthola lapho isimo sesiguli siba sibi. Ukulaliswa esibhedlela nokungeniswa kabusha ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo akuzange kwehliswe kakhulu naphezu kwemizamo eqhubekayo yokulawula ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngokuqapha isisindo nezimpawu.

UJohn Boehmer, udokotela wenhliziyo kanye noprofesa wezokwelapha, i-Penn State College of Medicine kanye neqembu labacwaningi bezokwelapha bamazwe ngamazwe, bebelokhu bephenya ukuthi izimo zeziguli ezihluleka yinhliziyo zingalandelelwa yini ngokunembe kakhudlwana, kanye nokuhlola izindlela imishini efakekayo kakade. esetshenziswa ezigulini ingashintshwa ngezinzwa ezikhethekile.

Ekuqaleni kocwaningo, iziguli ezingu-900 zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ngayinye ifakwe i-defibrillator, yayinesofthiwe eyengeziwe yezinzwa esetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yesiguli, imisindo yenhliziyo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, nokusebenza kukagesi kwesifuba sazo. Uma isiguli sibhekana nokuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe, i-defibrillator esebenza ngebhethri idlulisela ukushaqeka kukagesi okungabhekwa futhi kuhlaziywe ngesikhathi sangempela.

Phakathi nesikhathi socwaningo, lolu hlelo olukhethekile lwezinzwa lubone ngempumelelo amaphesenti angu-70 okuhlasela kwenhliziyo kungazelelwe, cishe izinsuku ezingu-30 kusengaphambili ezigulini eziphenywayo. Lokhu kudlule kude igoli leqembu lokutholwa ngamaphesenti angama-40. Uhlelo lokuthola isifo senhliziyo, oluqapha ngokwesayensi ukunyakaza nemisebenzi yenhliziyo, futhi luqanjwe ngokufanelekile yi-HeartLogic, lwadalwa i-Boston Scientific. Ukutholwa kobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha kuzohamba ibanga elide ekusizeni ukuhlonza isifo senhliziyo esibulalayo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe, izivivinyo, nokutholwa ngumphakathi wezokwelapha ngobubanzi kuyahlelwa.

Ukuvimbela ngaphambi kwekhambi nethemba liyakhuphuka

Amaseli we-Inducible pluripotent stem (iPSCS) ayi-futuristic stem cell kanye nobuchwepheshe bonjiniyela bezicubu obuphayona ososayensi base-UK eBritish Heart Foundation. Kuwucwaningo olujulile lwamaseli enhliziyo kanye nalo lonke uhlelo lokuziphatha lwenhliziyo yomuntu, ukulungisa amaphethini okuziphatha enhliziyo angathandeki lapho kudingeka. Kuhilela inqubo yelabhorethri yezokwelapha eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu eyenza ososayensi bakwazi ukushintsha ama-stem cells eziguli abe amangqamuzana enhliziyo, ngaleyo ndlela bakhe umsipha wenhliziyo omusha enhliziyweni ebuthaka. USian Harding, uProfesa weCardiac Pharmacology e-Imperial College useqenjini eliholayo lalolu cwaningo olukhulu lwenhliziyo.

“Nakuba isifo senhliziyo sihlasela kamuva futhi kamuva ekuphileni, ngentuthuko yanamuhla kwezokwelapha nabantu abaningi kangaka abazinakekela kangcono, izinto ezintsha ezitholakele ngokuqinisekile zizovela ukuze zidale ithuba lokuphila okude nokunempilo,” kusho uGregory Thomas, M.D., Medical. Umqondisi, I-Memorial Care Heart kanye ne-Vascular Institute e-Long Beach (CA) Memorial Medical Center.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo zezidumbu zasendulo ukuze kuhlolwe izimbangela zofuzo ze-atherosclerosis ezitholakala ekubeni umuntu. UDkt. Thomas waveza, "Lokhu kungase kunikeze ukuqonda mayelana nendlela yokuvimbela noma yokuhlehlisa inkambo ye-atherosclerosis namuhla. Ezinhliziyo eziye zahluleka, izinhliziyo zokwenziwa ziyoba yinto evamile. Inhliziyo ewumshini ngokuphelele enomthombo wamandla emzimbeni iyonika inhliziyo amandla. . Ukufakelwa kwenhliziyo kuzothathelwa indawo lo mshini, ongangenqindi elikhulu."

Calgary, udokotela ozinze e-Alberta, uDkt. Chinyem Dzawanda we-Health Watch Medical Clinic uthatha indlela yokuphatha ebukhali. Uthe abantu abanesifo senhliziyo badinga ukuqashwa njalo ukuze bavikele ukubhebhetheka kwezimpawu. I-Hypertension, isifo sikashukela, kanye ne-hyperlipidemia yizici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo. Abantu abanobukhona besici esiyingozi esisodwa noma ngaphezulu bazodinga ukuqashwa okuseduze nokwelashwa kwalezi zici eziyingozi ngemithi kanye nendlela yokuphila/ukuguqulwa kokudla ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ukuzibophezela kwakho kubalulekile." 

Umthwalo wezempilo onenani lama-US$1,044 billion!

Izifo ezihlobene nenhliziyo nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ziyimbangela yokuqala yokufa emhlabeni jikelele. Baningi abantu abafa minyaka yonke ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kunanoma iyiphi enye imbangela. Ngokwe-World Health Organization, ngo-2012 kuphela, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-17.5 babulawa isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, emele u-31% wabo bonke abantu abafa emhlabeni. Kulaba bantu abashonile, balinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-6.7 ngenxa yesifo sohlangothi, kanti abayizigidi ezingu-7.4 babangelwa isifo senhliziyo. Isifo senhliziyo futhi singumbulali ohamba phambili wabesifazane, esithatha izimpilo eziningi ukwedlula zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza zihlangene.

ECanada, isifo senhliziyo singomunye wemithwalo emikhulu emkhakheni wezempilo. Bangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1.6 abantu baseCanada okubikwa ukuthi banesifo senhliziyo. Ibulale cishe izimpilo ezingu-50,000 ngo-2012, futhi iseyimbangela yesibili yokufa kwabantu abaningi ezweni. UHulumeni waseCanada uphinde wembula ukuthi abantu baseCanada abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 basengozini yokuthola isifo senhliziyo okungenani, kuyilapho abane kwabayishumi benezici ezintathu noma ngaphezulu eziyingozi.

Umuthi omusha wokuhlola umdlavuza ongase ubhekane nesifo senhliziyo nawo usuvele usendleleni. Ucwaningo locwaningo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi olwenziwa yiqembu laseStanford University luthola indlela yokuthola amangqamuzana omzimba ayingozi acashe kumasosha omzimba. U-Nicholas Leeper, isazi se-vascular biology e-Stanford University e-Palo Alto, eCalifornia, kanye nomlobi ophezulu ocwaningweni olusha, wazisa i-Science Journal ukuthi, umuthi ongahlasela ama-fatty deposits ulimaza udonga lwe-artery, usuvele ubonise imiphumela ekhuthazayo izilingo zomuntu. Lona omunye umthombo wethemba ekwelapheni isifo senhliziyo.