Sabunta makamashi na gaba: Ruwan teku

Babu shakka game da shi, dumamar yanayi na gaske ne, kuma rikicin da ke karuwa. Yayin da wasu ke zabar yin watsi da alamun da bayanan da aka ba su, wasu suna kallon zuwa motsi zuwa makamashi mai sabuntawa da tsabta. Wasu 'yan masu bincike a Jami'ar Osaka suna da samu hanyar samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa wanda ke amfani da daya daga cikin manyan albarkatun kasa, ruwan teku.

Matsalar:

Hasken rana shine babban tushen makamashi mai sabuntawa. Duk da haka, ta yaya za mu yi amfani da makamashin hasken rana sa’ad da rana ke ɓoye? Amsa ɗaya ita ce a mayar da makamashin hasken rana zuwa makamashin sinadarai wanda za a iya amfani da shi azaman mai. Ta yin wannan jujjuyawar, ana iya adana shi kuma a motsa shi. Hydrogen (H2) shine ɗan takara mai yuwuwar canzawa. Ana iya samar da shi ta hanyar rarraba kwayoyin ruwa (H2O) ta amfani da tsari mai suna "photocatalysis". Photocatalysis shine lokacin da hasken rana ya ba da makamashi ga wani abu wanda sannan yayi aiki a matsayin "mai kara kuzari". Mai kara kuzari yana hanzarta saurin abin da wani sinadari ya faru. Photocatalysis yana faruwa a kusa da mu, hasken rana yana buga chlorophyll na shuka (mai kara kuzari) a cikin kwayoyin halittarsu, wanda ke ba su damar samar da iskar oxygen, da glucose wanda shine tushen kuzari!

Ko yaya, kamar yadda masu bincike sun lura A cikin takardar su, "ƙananan canjin makamashin hasken rana na samar da H2 da matsalar ajiyar gas na H2 sun hana amfani da H2 a matsayin man fetur na hasken rana."

Matsalar:

Shigar da hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Kamar yadda Amurka Independence Energy bayanin kula, "Hydrogen peroxide, lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi don samar da makamashi, yana haifar da ruwa mai tsabta kawai da oxygen a matsayin samfurin, don haka ana daukar shi makamashi mai tsabta kamar hydrogen. Duk da haka, ba kamar hydrogen ba, H2O2 [hydrogen peroxide] yana wanzuwa a cikin ruwa a yanayin zafi, don haka ana iya adana shi cikin sauƙi da jigilar shi." Matsalar ita ce hanyar da ta gabata don yin hydrogen peroxide ta yi amfani da photocatalysis akan ruwa mai tsabta. Ruwa mai tsabta yana da tsabta kamar yadda yake samu. Tare da adadin tsarkakakken ruwa da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin tsari, yana nufin cewa ba hanya ce mai yuwuwa don ƙirƙirar makamashi mai dorewa ba.

Anan ne ruwan teku ke shigowa. Idan aka yi la’akari da abin da ruwan teku ya kunsa, masu binciken sun yi amfani da shi wajen yin photocatalysis. Sakamakon ya kasance adadin hydrogen peroxide wanda ya isa ya tafiyar da tantanin mai na hydrogen peroxide (wani tantanin mai kamar baturi ne, kawai yana buƙatar ci gaba da kwararar mai don gudana.)

Wannan hanyar ƙirƙirar hydrogen peroxide don man fetur shine aikin bullowa tare da ɗaki don girma. Har yanzu akwai tambaya game da ingancin farashi, da kuma amfani da shi akan sikelin da ya fi girma, maimakon kawai a matsayin mai. Ɗaya daga cikin masu binciken da abin ya shafa, Shunichi Fukuzumi, an lura da shi a cikin wani Labari yana cewa, "A nan gaba, muna shirin yin aiki a kan samar da wata hanya don ƙananan farashi, samar da H2O2 mai girma daga ruwan teku," Fukuzumi ya ce, "Wannan na iya maye gurbin samar da farashi mai girma na H2O2 daga H2 (yafi mahimmanci). daga iskar gas) da kuma O2."