Nā iwi i paʻi ʻia 3D: Nā iwi metala i hoʻohui ʻia i loko o ke kino

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• Ka inoa o ka mea kākau

  Quantumrun Foresight
• June 28, 2023

Nā mea koʻikoʻi o ka ʻike

ʻO ka paʻi 3D, a i ʻole ka hana hoʻohui, ke hana nui nei i ka ʻoihana lapaʻau, ʻoi aku hoʻi me nā implants iwi. Loaʻa nā kūleʻa mua i kahi implant titanium jawbone i paʻi ʻia a 3D-printed implants no nā maʻi osteonecrosis, e hāʻawi maikaʻi ana i kahi koho ʻē aʻe i ka ʻoki ʻana. Manaʻo ka poʻe lapaʻau e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā iwi paʻi 3D, hiki ke hoʻoponopono i nā hemahema genetic, mālama i nā lālā mai ka trauma a i ʻole ka maʻi, a kākoʻo i ka ulu ʻana o nā iwi iwi maoli me ke kōkua o nā iwi "hyperelastic" paʻi 3D.

ʻO ka pōʻaiapili hoʻokomo iwi paʻi 3D

Hoʻohana ka paʻi ʻekolu-dimensional i ka lako polokalamu e hana i nā mea ma o ke ʻano papa. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano polokalamu paʻi i kekahi manawa he hana hoʻohui a loaʻa nā mea like ʻole, e like me nā plastics, composites, a i ʻole biomedical. 

Aia kekahi mau ʻāpana i hoʻohana ʻia no ka paʻi 3D o nā iwi a me nā scaffolds iwi, e like me:

• ʻO nā mea metala (e like me ka titanium alloy a me ka magnesium alloy), 
• ʻO nā mea metala ʻole (e like me ke aniani biological), 
• Biological ceramic a me biological cement, a 
• Nā mea mole kiʻekiʻe (e like me ka polycaprolactone a me ka polylactic acid).

ʻO kekahi o nā kūleʻa mua loa i nā implants iwi 3D i paʻi ʻia i ka makahiki 2012 i ka wā i paʻi ai ka hui hoʻolālā lapaʻau o Netherlands ʻo Xilloc Medical i kahi implant titanium e pani i nā ʻāwae o ka mea maʻi maʻi maʻi waha. Ua hoʻohana ka hui i nā algorithms paʻakikī e hoʻololi i ka iwi āwae kikohoʻe i hiki i nā kīʻaha koko, nā aʻalolo, a me nā ʻiʻo ke hoʻopili i ka implant titanium i paʻi ʻia.

Ka hopena hoʻopilikia

ʻO Osteonecrosis, a i ʻole ka make iwi, o ka talus i ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae, hiki ke alakaʻi i ke ola o ka ʻeha a me ka neʻe ʻana. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i nā maʻi ke koi i ka ʻoki ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, no kekahi poʻe maʻi me ka osteonecrosis, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi implant paʻi 3D ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa i ka ʻoki ʻana. I ka makahiki 2020, ua hoʻohana ʻo UT Southwestern Medical Center i Texas i kahi paʻi 3D e hoʻololi i nā iwi kuʻekuʻe wāwae me kahi ʻano metala. No ka hana ʻana i ka iwi paʻi 3D, pono nā kauka i nā CT scans o ka talus ma ka wāwae maikaʻi no ka ʻike. Me kēlā mau kiʻi, ua hana pū lākou me kahi ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e hana i ʻekolu implants plastic i nā nui like ʻole no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo. Koho nā kauka i ka mea kūpono loa ma mua o ka paʻi ʻana i kahi implant hope ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana. ʻO ka metala i hoʻohana ʻia he titanium; a wehe ʻia ka talus make, hoʻokomo ʻia ka talus hou. Hiki i ka 3D replica ke neʻe i ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae a me nā hui subtalar, e hiki ai ke hoʻoneʻe i ka wāwae i luna a i lalo a mai kekahi ʻaoʻao a i kekahi ʻaoʻao.

Manaʻo nā kauka i ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā iwi paʻi 3D. Ke wehe nei kēia ʻenehana i ka puka no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hemahema genetic a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i nā lālā i hōʻino ʻia e ka trauma a i ʻole ka maʻi. Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā kaʻina hana like no nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, me nā poʻe maʻi i nalowale nā ​​lālā a me nā ʻāpana i ka maʻi kanesa. Ma waho aʻe o ka hiki ke paʻi 3D i nā iwi paʻa, ua hoʻomohala pū nā mea noiʻi i kahi iwi "hyperelastic" paʻi 3D i ka makahiki 2022. Ua like kēia implant iwi synthetic me ka scaffold a i ʻole ka lattice a ua hoʻolālā ʻia e kākoʻo i ka ulu ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā ʻiʻo iwi maoli.

Nā hopena o nā implants iwi paʻi 3D

ʻO nā hopena nui aʻe o nā implants iwi paʻi 3D hiki ke komo i: 

• Hoʻokumu nā hui ʻinikua i nā kulekele uhi e pili ana i nā implants 3D. Hiki i kēia ʻano ke alakaʻi i nā uku ʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā mea paʻi 3D like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia. 
• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea kanu i ka wā e ulu ana ka ʻenehana paʻi 3D olakino a lilo i mea kūʻai aku. ʻO kēia mau ho'ēmi kumukūʻai e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka mālama ola kino no ka poʻe ʻilihune a ma nā ʻāina e ulu nei kahi e pono ai nā kaʻina hana kūpono.
• Hoʻohana nā haumāna lapaʻau i nā mea paʻi 3D e hana i nā prototypes iwi no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka hana ʻoki.
• ʻOi aku ka nui o nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopukapuka ana i nā mea paʻi biomedical 3D e hoʻokō i ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka noi ma ka ʻoihana mālama ola.
• ʻO nā mea ʻepekema hou aʻe e hui pū ana me nā ʻoihana ʻenehana e hoʻolālā i nā mea paʻi 3D kūikawā no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻōkana a me nā iwi.
• ʻO nā maʻi me ka iwi make a i ʻole nā ​​kīnā e loaʻa ana i nā kiʻi 3D e hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i ka neʻe.

Nā nīnau e manaʻo ai

• Pehea kou manaʻo e hiki ai i ka ʻenehana paʻi 3D ke kākoʻo i ke kahua lapaʻau?
• He aha nā pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā implants paʻi 3D?