3D-printed pob txha cog: cov pob txha hlau uas sib xyaw rau hauv lub cev

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  Quantumrun Foresight
• Lub rau hli ntuj 28, 2023

Kev nkag siab tseem ceeb

3D luam ntawv, lossis kev tsim khoom ntxiv, tab tom ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob, tshwj xeeb nrog cov pob txha cog. Cov kev vam meej thaum ntxov muaj xws li 3D-luam titanium jawbone cog thiab 3D-printed implants rau cov neeg mob osteonecrosis, zoo muab lwm txoj rau kev txiav tawm. Cov kws kho mob tau zoo siab txog yav tom ntej ntawm 3D-luam cov pob txha, uas tuaj yeem kho cov caj ces malformations, txuag cov ceg los ntawm kev raug mob los yog kab mob, thiab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha tshiab, ntuj tsim nrog kev pab los ntawm 3D-luam "hyperelastic" pob txha.

3D-printed pob txha cog cov ntsiab lus

Peb-dimensional luam ntawv siv software los tsim cov khoom los ntawm txheej txheej txheej. Hom kev luam ntawv no qee zaum hu ua kev tsim khoom ntxiv thiab suav nrog ntau yam ntaub ntawv, xws li plastics, composites, lossis biomedical. 

Muaj ob peb yam khoom siv rau 3D luam ntawv ntawm cov pob txha thiab pob txha scaffolds, xws li:

• Cov ntaub ntawv hlau (xws li titanium alloy thiab magnesium alloy), 
• Inorganic non-metal ntaub ntawv (xws li biological iav), 
• Cov khoom siv roj ntsha thiab cov cement lom, thiab 
• Cov ntaub ntawv siab molecular (xws li polycaprolactone thiab polylactic acid).

Ib qho kev ua tiav ntxov tshaj plaws hauv 3D-luam cov pob txha cog yog nyob rau xyoo 2012 thaum lub tuam txhab tsim kho mob hauv Netherlands Xilloc Medical tau luam tawm titanium cog los hloov lub puab tsaig ntawm tus neeg mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj. Pab neeg no tau siv cov txheej txheem nyuaj los hloov lub puab tsaig digital kom cov hlab ntsha, paj hlwb, thiab cov leeg tuaj yeem txuas rau titanium cog ib zaug.

Kev cuam tshuam

Osteonecrosis, lossis pob txha tuag, ntawm talus hauv pob taws, tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej ntawm qhov mob thiab tsis muaj zog. Qee zaum, cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau txiav tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, rau qee cov neeg mob osteonecrosis, 3D-printed implants tuaj yeem siv los ua lwm txoj hauv kev txiav. Xyoo 2020, Texas-based UT Southwestern Medical Center tau siv lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D los hloov cov pob txha pob txha nrog cov qauv hlau. Txhawm rau tsim cov pob txha 3D-luam, cov kws kho mob xav tau CT scans ntawm talus ntawm ko taw zoo rau kev siv. Nrog rau cov duab no, lawv tau ua haujlwm nrog lwm tus neeg los tsim peb cov yas cog hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg rau kev sim siv. Cov kws kho mob xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum ua ntej luam tawm qhov kawg cog ua ntej ntawm kev phais. Cov hlau siv yog titanium; thiab thaum lub talus tuag raug tshem tawm, tus tshiab tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw. Lub 3D replica tso cai rau kev txav ntawm pob taws thiab pob qij txha, ua rau nws tuaj yeem txav ko taw nce thiab nqis thiab ntawm ib sab mus rau sab.

Cov kws kho mob pom zoo rau yav tom ntej ntawm 3D-luam cov pob txha. Lub tshuab no qhib lub qhov rooj los kho cov caj ces malformations lossis txuag cov ceg uas tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm kev raug mob lossis kab mob. Cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws tab tom raug sim rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev, suav nrog cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj ceg thiab lub cev mus rau mob qog noj ntshav. Ntxiv rau qhov muaj peev xwm 3D luam cov pob txha, cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tau tsim cov pob txha 3D "hyperelastic" hauv xyoo 2022. Cov pob txha hluavtaws no zoo ib yam li scaffold lossis lattice thiab yog tsim los txhawb kev loj hlob thiab rov tsim dua tshiab, cov pob txha pob txha.

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm 3D-printed pob txha cog

Kev cuam tshuam dav dav ntawm 3D-luam cov pob txha cog tej zaum yuav muaj xws li: 

• Cov tuam txhab tuav pov hwm tsim cov cai tswj hwm txog 3D implants. Cov qauv no yuav ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv 3D luam tawm sib txawv. 
• Implants ua tus nqi ntau dua li kev kho mob 3D tshuab luam ntawv tsim thiab ua lag luam ntau dua. Cov kev txo nqi no yuav txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv rau cov neeg pluag thiab hauv cov teb chaws tsim kho uas yuav tsum tau ua cov txheej txheem zoo tshaj plaws.
• Cov tub ntxhais kawm kho mob siv 3D tshuab luam ntawv los tsim cov qauv pob txha rau kev sim thiab kev xyaum phais.
• Ntau lub tuam txhab kho mob tau nqis peev hauv biomedical 3D tshuab luam ntawv kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntau ntxiv hauv kev lag luam kho mob.
• Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau koom tes nrog cov tuam txhab thev naus laus zis los tsim 3D tshuab luam ntawv tshwj xeeb rau kev hloov khoom nruab nrog cev thiab pob txha.
• Cov neeg mob uas muaj pob txha tuag los yog qhov tsis xws luag tau txais 3D luam tawm uas tuaj yeem rov ua kom muaj zog.

Cov lus nug los tawm tswv yim

• Lwm yam koj xav tias 3D tshuab luam ntawv tuaj yeem txhawb kev kho mob li cas?
• Dab tsi yuav yog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev cog 3D luam tawm?