Nā lāʻau lapaʻau DNA: He lele i ka pale ʻana
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau DNA: He lele i ka pale ʻana
Ua ʻike i ka mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻāwīwī? ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi? ʻO ka maʻi hib? ʻO ka maʻi puupuu? Ua maikaʻi, ʻaʻole ka hapa nui o nā poʻe. Ua kōkua nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka pale ʻana i kēia a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe he nui āu e mahalo ai no ka ʻike ʻole ʻana. Mahalo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, kahi mea hou lāʻau e hoʻohana pono ai i kā mākou mau pūʻali immunological maoli, lawe nā kānaka o kēia manawa i nā antibodies e kūʻē i nā maʻi ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa, a ʻike ʻole paha.
I loko o ka ʻōnaehana pale, ʻo nā antibodies nā koa o ke kino, i hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā i ka hakakā viral. Hana ʻia lākou e nā poʻe kiaʻi pale, nā lymphocytes like ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo B cell. Ke hoʻopili ʻia kahi pūnaʻi B me kahi antigen mai kahi maʻi, no ka laʻana, hoʻomaka ia e hana i nā antibodies e hōʻailona i ka maʻi no ka luku ʻana. Ke mau nei kēia mau antibodies i loko o ke kino no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi hou. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻolaha ʻana i kēia kaʻina hana me ka ʻole o ka koi ʻana i ka mea maʻi e loaʻa i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi.
ʻOiai ka nui o ka holomua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ke makaʻala nei kekahi poʻe i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana immunological. ʻO kekahi pilikia kūpono o nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau e hoʻohana ana i nā maʻi maʻi nāwaliwali, ʻo ia ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka viral; hiki i nā maʻi maʻi ke ulu aʻe i ʻano hou e laha wikiwiki a weliweli. Eia nō naʻe, i ka manawa e loaʻa ai kaʻu mau moʻopuna a me nā moʻopuna nui, e ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻole o kēia pilikia.
Mai ka makahiki 1990, ua ho'āʻo a hoʻomohala ʻia nā kano DNA no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā heluna holoholona. ʻAʻole e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau DNA nā mea maʻi a lākou e pale aku ai, akā ua like lākou i ka hana ʻana i nā antibodies e kūʻē i ka maʻi. Pehea? Hiki ke hana ʻia ka DNA o kahi maʻi maʻi like me nā antigens viral maʻamau, me ka ʻole o ka pilikia o ka mīkini viral i loko o ke kino.
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻopololei ʻia a hoʻopili ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau DNA i kahi ʻoi aku ka nui, a paʻa i loko o kahi ākea ākea o nā wela, e ʻae ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka maʻalahi a me ka maʻalahi. Hiki ke hui pū ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau DNA me nā ʻano hana lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no ka hana ʻana i nā antibody kiʻekiʻe. Ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻenehana no ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia i nā holoholona, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona kalepa, ka mea e loaʻa pinepine ai i nā kiʻi he nui e hoʻonui ai i nā pae antibody. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi: ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā antibodies i hana ʻia i ka pōʻai mua e pale i ka inoculation hou aʻe.
No ke aha, i loko o 25 mau makahiki, ʻaʻole i lilo nā kano DNA i ka ʻenehana hoʻomaʻamaʻa? He aha ka mea e kāpae nei i kēia ʻano hana maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi mai ka hana ʻana i ka lele mai ka ʻepekema olakino holoholona i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kanaka? ʻO ka pane, ʻo ia nā palena o kēia manawa i ka ʻike ʻepekema.
Ua aʻo ʻia ka ʻōnaehana immune no 200 mau makahiki wale nō, akā he mau mea paʻakikī ia e lilo i mea enigma i nā ʻepekema. Paʻakikī ka poʻe ʻepekema olakino holoholona i kēia lā e hoʻopaʻa pono i ke ʻano a me kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma waena o nā ʻano ʻano; ʻokoʻa ka ikaika o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka wikiwiki o ka hopena ma waena o nā holoholona ma muli o kā lākou pane ʻokoʻa.
Eia hou, ʻaʻole maopopo i ka nui o nā ala immune paʻakikī e hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia e ka hōʻike ʻana i nā kano DNA i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka laki no mākou, i kēlā me kēia lā, hana nā kānaka ʻepekema ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e hoʻopiha i nā hemahema ʻike e pili ana i nā maʻi he nui a me ka ʻōnaehana pale kanaka. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, e hoʻololi nā lāʻau kano DNA i ko mākou pale ʻana, a pale i nā hanauna e hiki mai ana.
