Kukonza zolosera: Kukonza zowopsa zisanachitike

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• August 24, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Predictive maintenance (PM), pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa Artificial Intelligence (AI) ndi Internet of Things (IoT), ikusintha momwe mafakitale amasungira ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zida, kuchepetsa nthawi yopumira komanso kupititsa patsogolo luso. Njirayi sikuti imangopulumutsa ndalama komanso imapangitsa kuti opanga zinthu azikhala odalirika komanso amathandizira chitetezo komanso kutsatira malamulo a ogwira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, kukonza zodziwikiratu kukupanga tsogolo la msika wogwira ntchito, ndondomeko zowongolera, komanso kusungitsa chilengedwe pogwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru zinthu komanso kuchepetsa zinyalala.

Zoneneratu zokonzekera

Akatswiri osamalira ndi odalirika akhala akuvutika kwa nthawi yayitali kuti azitha kukulitsa kupezeka kwa katundu komanso kuchepetsa nthawi yopuma. Mwamwayi, chakumapeto kwa 2010s adayambitsa njira za PM zomwe zapereka njira zatsopano zosungira makina akuyenda bwino.

Pakatikati pake, PM ndi dongosolo lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms a AI ndi makina ophunzirira (ML) kuti apange zitsanzo za momwe zida zimakhalira. Zitsanzozi zimatha kuneneratu nthawi yomwe gawo linalake lingalephereke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisamachitike komanso kukonzanso. Tekinoloje ya IoT ndiyofunikiranso kuti ipangitse kukonza zolosera bwino. Mwa kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse machitidwe a makina ndi zigawo zake, masensa amatha kupereka zenizeni zenizeni zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwongolera kulondola kwa zolosera zokonzekera. Kugwira ntchito kumeneku ndikofunikira chifukwa, malinga ndi alangizi a kampani ya Deloitte, kuchuluka kwa fakitale/zomera kumatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka 20 peresenti ngati palibe njira zoyenera zosamalira.

PM amagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zochokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana (zofotokozedwa pansipa) kulosera zolephera zomwe zimapangitsa opanga Viwanda 4.0 kuyang'anira ntchito zawo munthawi yeniyeni. Kutha kumeneku kumalola mafakitale kukhala "mafakitole anzeru" komwe zisankho zimapangidwa mwaokha komanso mwachangu. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe PM amayang'anira ndi entropy (kuwonongeka kwa nthawi) kwa zipangizo, poganizira chitsanzo, chaka chopanga, komanso nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito. Kuwongolera moyenera kuwonongeka kwa zida ndichifukwa chake makampani ayenera kukhala ndi dataset yodalirika komanso yosinthidwa yomwe ingadziwitse ma aligorivimu a PM za komwe zida zidachokera komanso mbiri yamakampani omwe amadziwika.

Zosokoneza

Makina okonzeratu zolosera amaphatikiza masensa, makina okonzekera zida zamabizinesi, makina oyang'anira kukonza pakompyuta, ndi data yopanga kuti zilosere kulephera kwa zida. Kuoneratu zam'tsogoloku kumachepetsa kusokonezeka kwa malo ogwira ntchito pothana ndi zovuta zisanachitike kukonzanso kokwera mtengo kapena kutsika. Kwa opanga mafakitale, njirayi imatanthauzira kupulumutsa kwakukulu kwachuma pochepetsa nthawi yosakonzekera. Kupatula kupulumutsa mtengo, kukonza zolosera kumapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito azigwira bwino ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti oyang'anira azikonza mwanzeru ntchito zokonza kuti achepetse kukhudzidwa kwa nthawi yopanga. 

Kwa opanga zida, kuwunika momwe zinthu zawo zimagwirira ntchito ndikuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa zida zitha kupewa kukumbukira zinthu zodula komanso zovuta zantchito. Kulimbikira kumeneku sikungopulumutsa ndalama zambiri pakubweza ndalama komanso kumateteza mtundu wakampani kuti usawonongeke ndi zinthu zolakwika. Kuphatikiza apo, opanga amapeza chidziwitso chofunikira pakuchita kwazinthu m'mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana, kuwapangitsa kuwongolera mapangidwe awo.

Kukonza zolosera ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakulimbikitsa chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito komanso kutsata malamulo. Zida zosamalidwa bwino sizingagwire bwino ntchito, kuchepetsa ngozi zapantchito komanso kuonetsetsa kuti ogwira ntchito amakhala otetezeka. Mbali iyi ya PM ikugwirizana ndi kutsata malamulo a ntchito ndi malamulo achitetezo, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamabizinesi m'magawo onse. Kuphatikiza apo, zidziwitso zomwe zapezedwa kuchokera kwa PM zitha kudziwitsa kamangidwe kabwinoko ndi kachitidwe kopanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zida zotetezeka komanso zodalirika. 

Zotsatira zakukonza zolosera

Zowonjezereka pakukonza zolosera zingaphatikizepo: 

• Mafakitole omwe amapanga timagulu tapadera tokonza njira, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zolosera zam'tsogolo kuti ziwonjezeke bwino komanso kuchepetsa kulephera kwa zida.
• Kukonzekera kwadongosolo, kuphatikizira kuyesa kwa zida, kutsata magwiridwe antchito, komanso kuzindikira zosokonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito azikhala osavuta.
• Othandizira zoyendera zapagulu ndi magetsi akuphatikiza kukonza zolosera m'makina awo, kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yokhazikika komanso yodalirika kwa anthu ammudzimo.
• Opanga zida zophatikizira ukadaulo wokonzeratu zolosera m'magawo oyesa zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zamtundu wapamwamba komanso zodalirika zilowe pamsika.
• Kusanthula kwa data kumathandizira ogulitsa zida kuti aziyang'anira momwe zinthu zonse zimagwirira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kamangidwe kake kabwino komanso kukhutitsidwe ndi makasitomala.
• Magalimoto odziyimira pawokha okhala ndiukadaulo wa PM, kuchenjeza eni ake zomwe zingachitike, kuchepetsa ngozi zapamsewu komanso kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo cha anthu.
• Kupititsa patsogolo mwayi wa ntchito pakusanthula deta ndi njira yosamalira, kuwonetsa kusintha komwe kukufunika pamsika wantchito kupita ku luso laukadaulo lapadera.
• Maboma akukhazikitsa mfundo zowongolera kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka data mu PM, kuwonetsetsa zachinsinsi komanso chitetezo.
• Kuchulukitsa chidaliro cha ogula pazogulitsa ndi ntchito chifukwa cha kudalirika komanso kukonza kwachitetezo komwe kumabwera ndi PM.
• Ubwino wa chilengedwe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu komanso kuchepetsa zinyalala, chifukwa PM imathandizira kuti zida zizikhala ndi moyo wautali komanso kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mudalumikizanapo ndiukadaulo wa PM kunyumba kwanu kapena kuntchito? 
• Nanga PM angapangenso bwanji anthu otetezeka?