Zowopsa zaukadaulo: Zowopsa zaukadaulo zosatha

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• June 13, 2023

Kuzindikira kwakukulu

Mbiri yakale yaukadaulo pakupita patsogolo kwa anthu kwakhala kofunikira, ndi zoopsa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayendetsa mikangano pakati pa anthu. Mchitidwe wochititsa mantha woterewu ndi umisiri watsopano umachititsa kuti anthu asamachite mantha, apeze ndalama zoyendetsera ndale pochita kafukufuku, komanso kuulutsa nkhani mochititsa chidwi. Pakadali pano, zotulukapo zenizeni zikuchitika, monga zikuwonekera poyesa kuletsa zida za AI monga ChatGPT m'masukulu ndi mayiko, zomwe zitha kupangitsa kuti anthu azigwiritsa ntchito molakwika, kulepheretsa ukadaulo, komanso kuchulukirachulukira kwa nkhawa pakati pa anthu.

Tekinoloje yochititsa mantha

Kusokonezeka kwaukadaulo m'mbiri yonse kwasintha kwambiri kupita patsogolo kwa anthu, zaposachedwa kwambiri kukhala Artificial Intelligence (AI). Makamaka, kupanga AI kumatha kukhudza kwambiri tsogolo lathu, makamaka ngati ziwopsezo zake zikuganiziridwa. Melvin Kranzberg, katswiri wa mbiri yakale wa ku America, anapereka malamulo asanu ndi limodzi a umisiri amene amafotokoza kugwirizana kovutirapo pakati pa anthu ndi luso laumisiri. Lamulo lake loyamba likugogomezera kuti luso lamakono silili labwino kapena loipa; zotsatira zake zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zisankho za anthu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. 

Kupita patsogolo kwachangu mu AI, makamaka Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), kukupanga njira zatsopano. Komabe, izi zimabweretsa mikangano, pomwe akatswiri ena amakayikira za kupita patsogolo kwa AI ndipo ena akuwonetsa ziwopsezo zomwe zingachitike pagulu. Izi zachititsa kuti pakhale njira zochititsa mantha zomwe zimadza ndi matekinoloje atsopano, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachititsa mantha opanda umboni a zotsatira zomwe zingatheke pa chitukuko cha anthu.

Wophunzira ku yunivesite ya Oxford pa psychology yoyesera, Amy Orben, adapanga lingaliro la magawo anayi lotchedwa Sisyphean Cycle of Technological Anxiety kuti afotokoze chifukwa chake mantha aukadaulo amachitika. Sisyphus ndi munthu wochokera ku nthano zachi Greek yemwe adasankhidwa kuti akankhire mwala pamtunda wotsetsereka kwamuyaya, kuti abwerere pansi, ndikumukakamiza kubwereza ndondomekoyi kosatha. 

Malinga ndi Orben, ukadaulo wowopsa wanthawi yayitali uli motere: Ukadaulo watsopano ukuwonekera, kenako andale amalowamo kuti ayambitse mantha. Ofufuza amayamba kuyang'ana kwambiri mitu imeneyi kuti apeze ndalama kuchokera kwa ndale. Pomaliza, ochita kafukufuku atafalitsa zomwe apeza pazakale zamaphunziro, atolankhani amafotokoza zotsatirazi zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokopa. 

Zosokoneza

Kale, AI yopangira ikuyang'anizana ndi kuwunika ndi "njira zodzitetezera." Mwachitsanzo, masukulu aboma ku US, monga New York ndi Los Angeles, amaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito ChatGPT pamalo awo. Komabe, nkhani ina mu MIT Technology Review ikunena kuti kuletsa matekinoloje kungayambitse zotsatira zoyipa, monga kulimbikitsa ophunzira kuti azizigwiritsa ntchito molakwika. Kuphatikiza apo, kuletsa kotereku kumatha kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika AI m'malo molimbikitsa kukambirana momasuka za zabwino ndi malire ake.

Mayiko ayambanso kuletsa AI kwambiri. Italy idakhala dziko loyamba lakumadzulo kuletsa ChatGPT mu Marichi 2023 chifukwa chazinsinsi zachinsinsi. OpenAI itathana ndi nkhawazi, boma lidachotsa chiletsocho mu Epulo. Komabe, chitsanzo cha Italy chinayambitsa chidwi pakati pa olamulira ena a ku Ulaya, makamaka ponena za European Union (EU)'s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Pano, Ireland ndi France zikufufuzanso ndondomeko ya data ya ChatGPT.

Pakadali pano, kuchititsa mantha kwa AI kumatha kuchulukirachulukira m'ma TV, pomwe nkhani ya AI yochotsa ntchito mamiliyoni ambiri, kupanga chikhalidwe cha oganiza mwaulesi, ndikupanga zosokoneza komanso zofalitsa zabodza kukhala zosavuta. Ngakhale kuti izi zili ndi ubwino, ena amanena kuti teknoloji ikadali yatsopano, ndipo palibe amene angatsimikize kuti sichidzasintha kuti athane ndi izi. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la World Economic Forum linaneneratu kuti pofika chaka cha 2025, makina adzalowa m’malo pafupifupi ntchito 85 miliyoni; komabe, atha kupanganso malo atsopano 97 miliyoni oyenererana ndi mgwirizano womwe ukupita patsogolo pakati pa anthu ndi makina.

Zotsatira zaukadaulo wochititsa mantha

Zotsatira zazikulu zaukadaulo wochititsa mantha zingaphatikizepo: 

• Kuchuluka kwa kusakhulupirira komanso kuda nkhawa za kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, zomwe zingayambitse kusafuna kutengera matekinoloje atsopano.
• Kulepheretsa kukula kwachuma ndi luso popanga malo omwe mabizinesi, osunga ndalama, ndi mabizinesi sangathe kuchita nawo ntchito zatsopano zaukadaulo chifukwa cha zoopsa zomwe zikuyembekezeka.
• Andale amagwiritsa ntchito mantha a anthu kuti apindule ndi ndale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malamulo oletsa, kuwongolera mopitilira muyeso, kapena kuletsa matekinoloje enaake, omwe angalepheretse zatsopano.
• Kukula kwa digito pakati pa magulu osiyanasiyana a anthu. Mibadwo yaing'ono, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yaukadaulo, imatha kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza komanso kumvetsetsa umisiri watsopano, pomwe mibadwo yakale ikhoza kusiyidwa. 
• Kuyimirira pakupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, zomwe zimabweretsa kusowa kwa zopambana komanso zowongolera m'malo ofunikira monga chisamaliro chaumoyo, mayendedwe, ndi mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso. 
• Kuopa kuchotsedwa ntchito chifukwa cha makina odzipangira okha omwe amalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ogwira ntchito bwino komanso osasamalira chilengedwe, kukulitsa kudalira mafakitale achikhalidwe, osakhazikika. 

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi makampani aukadaulo angawonetse bwanji kuti zopambana zawo komanso zatsopano sizilimbikitsa mantha?