Kodi chitukuko chatsopano chamankhwala oteteza thupi kukhoza kusintha momwe timachitira ndi HIV?

Malinga ndi WHO, pali anthu pafupifupi 36.7 miliyoni omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV padziko lonse lapansi. Kachilombo kameneka kamapha anthu 1.1 miliyoni pachaka, koma ngakhale mabiliyoni a madola ndi zaka makumi a kafukufuku, palibe mankhwala kapena katemera.

Posachedwapa, ofufuza a pa yunivesite ya Rockefeller ndi National Institute of Health anachita kafukufuku wokhudza kachilombo kofanana ndi kamene kanatchedwa SHIV (Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus), komwe kamapezeka mwa anyani, ndipo anatsimikizira kuti kuphatikiza kwa ma antibodies operekedwa msanga munthu akadwala matendawa angathandize wodwalayo kuwongolera kachilombo. Komabe, kuti timvetsetse tanthauzo la tsogolo la kachilombo ka HIV mwa anthu tiyenera kuyang'ana momwe kachilomboka kamayendera.   

Kachilombo    

HIV ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda. Zimapita pambuyo pa maselo a chitetezo chanu cha mthupi-macrophages, dendritic cells, ndi T-cell-ndikuthamangira ku mapuloteni otchedwa CD4. Izi zimathandiza kuti HIV "iwononge" chitetezo chamthupi mwanu ndikusintha momwe imayankhira panthawi ya matenda. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chife. Kachilomboka kamathanso kupha maselo osakhudzidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Choyipa kwambiri, malinga ndi CID, kachilombo ka HIV kamatha kusintha nthawi zambiri m'masiku khumi oyamba kutenga kachilomboka kuposa mitundu yonse yodziwika ya chimfine pamodzi.   

Pakali pano, momwe timachitira ndi HIV mwa anthu ndi kudzera mu ma ART kapena ma ARV. Chithandizochi chimagwira ntchito poletsa kachilombo ka HIV kuti lisachulukane, zomwe kuwonjezera pa kusunga maselo ambiri oteteza thupi kumathandizanso kupewa kufalikira kwa kachilomboka. Komabe, chithandizo chamtunduwu chimatha kusiya kachilombo ka HIV kakubisalira m'thupi, ndipo imakhala yokonzeka kugunda mankhwala akangosokonekera.  

Kafukufuku ndi Zotsatira   

Ofufuza adatenga anyani khumi ndi atatu ndikuwabaya ndi kachilombo ka HIV; patatha masiku atatu adapatsidwa njira zothana ndi mtsempha za ma antibodies awiri ochepetsa mphamvu. Chithandizo choyambirira chinali chodalirika, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ma virus kutsika mpaka pafupifupi osawoneka ndipo kunakhala pamenepo kwa masiku 56-177. Chofunikira pakuyesaku ndi chomwe chidawonedwa mankhwalawo atasiya ndipo anyani sanalinso kunyamula ma antibodies. Poyamba, kachilomboka kanachulukanso mu nyama khumi ndi ziwiri, koma patatha miyezi 5-22 anyani asanu ndi limodzi adayambiranso kulamulira kachilomboka, milingo yawo idatsika mpaka kuchuluka kosazindikirika, ndikukhala komweko kwa miyezi ina 5-13. Anyani ena anayi sanathe kuwongolera kwathunthu koma adawonetsa milingo yozama ya kachilomboka komanso maselo athanzi achitetezo cha chitetezo chamthupi. Ponseponse, 10 mwa anthu 13 omwe adayesedwa adapindula ndi chithandizocho.