Ma gridi anzeru amapanga tsogolo la ma gridi amagetsi

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• February 16, 2022

Magetsi ndi ofunika kwambiri pakusamalira ndi kupititsa patsogolo moyo wamakono. Pamene ukadaulo wa digito wakula pang'onopang'ono, mwayi wa gridi yamagetsi yaku US kukhala gulu lamagetsi lanzeru ukukulirakulira. Gridi yanzeru imaphatikizapo ukadaulo omwe umathandizira kulumikizana kwanjira ziwiri, kugwiritsa ntchito makina owongolera, ndi kukonza makompyuta kuti azitsetsa gridi yamagetsi yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino, yodalirika, komanso yotsika mtengo. 

Ndi gridi yamagetsi yaku US yopereka mphamvu kwa anthu 350 miliyoni, kukwezera ma gridi anzeru padziko lonse lapansi kumatha kubweretsa phindu lenileni lazachuma komanso chikhalidwe. Zoterezi zitha kutsatiridwanso m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene omwe sadalira kwambiri zida zamagetsi zomwe zidachitika kale. 

Nkhani zama grids anzeru

Kupyolera mu kuchulukitsidwa kwawo ndi kupirira kwawo, ma gridi anzeru adzakhala okonzeka bwino kuthana ndi zochitika zadzidzidzi, monga mphepo yamkuntho ndi zivomezi, ndi kulola kuti mphamvu ziziyenda modzidzimutsa ngati mphamvu yalephera m'dera lililonse.

Mu 2007, bungwe la US Congress linapereka lamulo la Energy Independence and Security Act la 2007 (EIDA). Mutu XIII wa Lamuloli makamaka umapereka chithandizo chalamulo ku Dipatimenti ya Zamagetsi (DOE) pamene ikufuna kukonzanso gridi yamagetsi ya US kuti ikhale gridi yanzeru, kuwonjezera pa zoyeserera zina zadziko lonse lapansi. 

Mofananamo, Canada idakhazikitsa pulogalamu yake ya Smart Renewables and Electrification Pathways (SREPs) mu 2021 ndi ndalama zonse zopitilira CAD $960 miliyoni pazaka zinayi zikubwerazi. Pulogalamu ya SREP imathandizira ma projekiti omwe amayang'ana pakusintha magwiridwe antchito amagetsi amakono komanso kupereka matekinoloje oyeretsa magetsi.  

Zosokoneza

Chimodzi mwazabwino zoyambira kugwiritsa ntchito gridi yanzeru ndikupereka magetsi oyera komanso odalirika omwe amatha kupirira kuzimitsidwa ndi kusokoneza kwina. Kuzimitsa kungayambitse maiko omwe angakhudze kwambiri mauthenga, mabanki, chitetezo, ndi magalimoto, zoopsa zomwe zimayimira chiopsezo chachikulu m'nyengo yozizira.

Ma gridi anzeru amatha kuchepetsa kuzimitsa kwamagetsi chifukwa ukadaulo wawo umazindikira ndikupatula kuzimitsa, zomwe zimakhala nazo zisanadze kuzimitsidwa kwakukulu. Ma gridi awa amapezanso magetsi mwachangu ndipo amapezerapo mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito majenereta omwe amakasitomala komanso mphamvu zowonjezera kuti apange magetsi ngati zida sizikupezeka. Pophatikiza zinthuzi, madera amatha kusunga dipatimenti yawo ya apolisi, zipatala, makina amafoni, ndi malo ogulitsira zakudya zikugwira ntchito pakagwa mwadzidzidzi. 

Ma gridi anzeru amalolanso ogula kuti asunge ndalama zambiri poika makina anzeru. Mamita awa amapereka mitengo yeniyeni komanso kuthekera kowona kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso nthawi yopangira zisankho zanzeru zogula ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Ma gridi awa amalolanso kuphatikiza kosavuta kwa solar ndi mabatire omwe amathandizira kuti ma gridi amagetsi azikhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.

Zotsatira za ma grids anzeru 

Zowonjezereka za ma grid anzeru zingaphatikizepo:

• Kukwaniritsa kuyanjana kwakukulu mwa kulumikiza zigawo, zida, mapulogalamu, ndi machitidwe kuti asinthanitse deta mosamala.
• Kutha kupirira kusintha kwanyengo m'dziko lonselo chifukwa madera atha kugwiritsa ntchito magwero amphamvu omwe amagawidwa panthawi yazadzidzidzi. 
• Kulimbikitsa kuwonjezereka kwatsopano m'gawo lamagetsi monga ma gridi anzeru amatha kuchepetsa mtengo ndikupangitsa oyambitsa gawo lamphamvu kuti aziyang'ana pakupanga zatsopano zomwe zitha kulimbikitsa ndikumanga pama grid anzeru akumaloko.

Mafunso oti muyankhepo

• Kodi mukuganiza kuti ma grid anzeru angakhudze bwanji ogula amakono kwambiri?
• Kodi mukuganiza kuti ma gridi anzeru amagetsi adzayamba liti kutengera mphamvu zamagetsi?