Ukuvunwa kwamanzi ase-atmospheric: Ithuba lethu elilodwa lemvelo ngokumelene nenkinga yamanzi

Amanzi awumgogodla wokuphila, kodwa kuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lwamanzi esikhuluma ngawo. Cishe amaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa obuso bomhlaba acwiliswa emanzini, futhi angaphansi kwamaphesenti amabili kuphela alawo manzi esiwaphuzayo futhi siyawafinyelela. Ngokudabukisayo, sisaphaza ngokweqile le ngxenye encane emisebenzini eminingi, enjengokushiya umpompi uvuliwe, izindlu zangasese ezishaywayo, ukugeza amahora amaningi, nokulwa ngamabhaluni amanzi. Kodwa kwenzekani lapho siphelelwa amanzi ahlanzekile? Izinhlekelele kuphela. Isomiso sizogadla emapulazini athela kakhulu, aphenduke izingwadule ezishisayo. Izinxushunxushu zizosabalala kuwo wonke amazwe, futhi amanzi ayoba umthombo obaluleke kakhulu, oyigugu kakhulu kunowoyela. Ukutshela umhlaba ukuthi wehlise ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwamanzi kungaba sekwephuze kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthola amanzi ahlanzekile ngaleso sikhathi kungaba ukuwakhipha emkhathini ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi ukuvunwa kwamanzi asemkhathini.

Kuyini Ukuvuna Amanzi E-Atmospheric?

Ukuvunwa kwamanzi ase-atmospheric kungenye yezindlela ezingahlenga uMhlaba ekuphelelweni kwamanzi amasha esikhathini esizayo. Lobu buchwepheshe obusha buqondiswe kakhulu emiphakathini ehlala ezifundeni ezingenawo amanzi ahlanzekile. Isebenza ngokuyinhloko ebukhoneni bomswakama. Kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi okujiya ashintsha izinga lokushisa lomoya oswakeme osemkhathini. Uma umswakama ufinyelela kuleli thuluzi, kuba khona ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kuze kufike ezingeni elifinyeza umoya, lishintshe isimo sawo sisuke ekubeni igesi sibe uketshezi. Ngemva kwalokho, amanzi ahlanzekile aqoqwa ezitsheni ezingangcolisiwe. Lapho inqubo isiqediwe, amanzi abe esesetshenziselwa imisebenzi eminingana, njengokuphuza, ukunisela izitshalo, nokuhlanza.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwamanethi Enkungu

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuvuna amanzi emkhathini. Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ezaziwayo ukusetshenziswa kwamanetha enkungu. Le ndlela yakhiwe ngothango lwenkungu olunjengenethi olulengiswe ezigxotsheni ezindaweni ezinomswakama, amapayipi athutha amanzi aconsayo, namathange okugcina amanzi ahlanzekile. Ngokusho kwe-GaiaDiscovery, ubukhulu bocingo lwenkungu buzohluka, kuye ngokuthi "indawo yomhlabathi, indawo etholakalayo, kanye nenani lamanzi adingekayo." 

U-Onita Basu, UProfesa OyiNhlangano Yezobunjiniyela Bezemvelo eNyuvesi yaseCarleton, usanda kuba nohambo oluya eTanzania ukuyohlola ukuvunwa kwamanzi emkhathini esebenzisa amanetha enkungu. Uchaza ukuthi amanetha anenkungu ancike ekwehleni kwezinga lokushisa ukuze aguqule umswakama ube yisigaba esiwuketshezi, futhi uchaza ukuthi inetha lenkungu lisebenza kanjani ukuze livune futhi liqoqe amanzi ahlanzekile emswakameni.

“Lapho umswakama ushaya inetha lenkungu, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona indawo engaphezulu, amanzi asuka esigabeni somhwamuko aye esigabeni soketshezi. Lapho nje iya esigabeni se-liquid, ivele iqale ukuconsa inethi yenkungu. Kukhona i-catchment trough. Amanzi aconsa enetha lenkungu engene emgodini, bese, esuka lapho, eya endaweni yokuqoqa enkulu,” kusho uBasu.

Kudingeka kube nezimo ezithile zokuvunwa kwamanzi asemkhathini ngempumelelo kusetshenziswa amanethi enkungu. Isivinini somoya ophezulu kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okwanele kuyadingeka ukuze kuvunwe amanzi anele emkhathini. U-Basu ugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuswakama okuphezulu kule nqubo lapho ethi, “[Amanethi enkungu] awakwazi ukudala amanzi lapho amanzi engenawo ukuqala ngawo.”

Enye indlela yokufeza ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa iwukusunduza umoya ongaphezu komhlaba uye endaweni engaphansi komhlaba, enendawo ebandayo ehlanganisa umoya ngokushesha. 

Ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi ahlanzekile aqoqwe kubalulekile ukuze inqubo ibe yimpumelelo. Ukuthuthwa kwendle kwamanzi kuncike ekutheni indawo afika kuyo ihlanzekile noma cha. Amanethi enkungu angangcoliswa ukuxhumana nomuntu. 

"Ozama ukukwenza ukuze ugcine uhlelo luhlanzeke ngangokunokwenzeka ukunciphisa noma yikuphi ukuthintana okuqondile nezandla, njengezandla zomuntu nanoma yini, ngokuthinta lokho okusesitsheni sokugcina," kweluleka uBasu.

Izinzuzo Nezimbi Zenkungu Nets

Okwenza amanetha enkungu aphumelele kakhulu ukuthi awabandakanyi izingxenye ezihambayo. Ezinye izindlela zidinga izindawo zensimbi nezingxenye ezihambayo, uBasu akholelwa ukuthi zibiza kakhulu. Nokho, akusho ukuthi amanetha enkungu ashibhile. Aphinde amboze indawo eyanele yokukha amanzi.

Nokho, amanetha enkungu afika nokubi. Okukhulu kwalokhu ukuthi kungasebenza kuphela ezindaweni lapho kunomswakama khona. UBasu uthi enye yezindawo azivakashele eTanzania yindawo edinga amanzi, kodwa isimo sezulu somile. Ngakho-ke, kungase kungenzeki ukusebenzisa le ndlela ezindaweni ezibanda kakhulu noma ezomile kakhulu. Okunye okungalungile wukuthi iyabiza ngenxa yokungajwayelekile ukusetshenziswa kwayo. UBasu uthi zimbili kuphela izindlela ongakhetha kuzo ukuxhasa ngezimali ama-fognet: “Kungenzeka ukuthi ube nohulumeni obheka izindlela zokusiza abantu bakhe, futhi akubona bonke ohulumeni abakwenzayo lokho, noma kufanele ube ne-NGO noma uhlobo oluthile. yezinye izinhlangano ezisiza umphakathi ezizimisele ukukhokhela izindleko zengqalasizinda.”

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Atmospheric Water Generators

Lapho izindlela ezenziwa ngezandla zokuvuna amanzi emkhathini ziyeka ukusebenza, kufanele sisebenzise izindlela zesimanje, njenge-Atmospheric Water Generator (AWG). Ngokungafani namanethi enkungu, i-AWG isebenzisa ugesi ukuze iqedele le misebenzi. Ijeneretha yakhiwe ngesistimu yokupholisa ukuze ibangele ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa emoyeni, kanye nesistimu yokuhlanza ukuze kuhlanzeke amanzi. Endaweni evulekile, amandla kagesi angatholakala emithonjeni yamandla emvelo, njengokukhanya kwelanga, umoya, namagagasi. 

Kalula nje, i-AWG isebenza njenge-air dehumidifier, ngaphandle kokuthi ikhiqiza amanzi aphuzwayo. Lapho umswakama ungena ejeneretha, isimiso sokupholisa sinciphisa umoya “ngokupholisa umoya ongaphansi kwendawo yawo yamazolo, siveze umoya kuma-desiccants, noma ngokucindezela umoya,” njengoba kucaciswe i-GaiaDiscovery. Lapho umswakama ufinyelela esimweni esiwuketshezi, uhamba ngenqubo yokuhlanza esetshenziswa isihlungi somoya esilwa namagciwane. Isisefo sisusa amagciwane, amakhemikhali, nokungcola emanzini, okuholela emanzini acwebile alungele ukuphuzwa abantu abawadingayo.

Izinzuzo kanye Nebubi Bezinto Ezikhiqiza Amanzi Ase-Atmospheric

I-AWG iwubuchwepheshe obusebenza kahle kakhulu bokuvuna amanzi emkhathini, njengoba konke ekudingayo umoya nogesi, okungatholakala kokubili emithonjeni yamandla emvelo. Lapho efakwe isimiso sokuhlanza, amanzi akhiqizwa kujeneretha ayeyoba ahlanzekile kunamanzi akhiqizwa izindlela eziningi zokuvuna amanzi ezisemkhathini. Noma i-AWG idinga umswakama ukuze ikhiqize amanzi ahlanzekile, ingafakwa noma yikuphi. Ukuphatheka kwayo kuyenza ifinyeleleke ezindaweni eziningi eziphuthumayo, njengasezibhedlela, eziteshini zamaphoyisa, noma ngisho nendawo yokukhosela yabasinde esiphephweni esilimazayo. Ibalulekile ezindaweni ezingakusekeli ukuphila ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi. Ngeshwa, ama-AWG ayaziwa ukuthi ayabiza kakhulu kunobunye ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bokuvuna amanzi asemoyeni.