Yeka ukuthi usimende ovuthayo uzoshintsha kanjani ebusuku

Lapho ngiseyingane, umama wami wanamathisela inqwaba yezinkanyezi ezikhanyayo ophahleni lwegumbi lami lokulala. Ubusuku ngabunye ngangibuka umthala wami womuntu siqu omangalisayo. I-mystique ngemuva kokukhanya okuhle yenze yakhanga kakhulu. Kodwa ngisho nokwazi i-physics ye-fluorescence, izenzakalo zisenamandla amakhulu. Izinto ezikhanyayo zivele zikhiphe amandla okukhanya athathwe endaweni ezungezile.

I-fluorescence ne-phosphorescence amagama amabili afanayo kodwa ahlukene achaza ukuthi ukukhanya kukhishwa kanjani ezintweni, into eyaziwa ngokuthi i-photoluminescence. Uma ukukhanya kumuncwa okokusebenza kwesithombe-luminescent, njengephosphor, ama-electron ayajabula futhi agxumele ezifundeni zamandla aphezulu. I-fluorescence yenzeka lapho lawo ma-electron ajabulile ekhululeka ngokushesha endaweni yawo, ebuyisela lawo mandla okukhanya endaweni ezungezile.

I-Phosphorescence yenzeka lapho ama-electron emuncwa amandla angagcini nje ngokubangela ukuthi ama-electron ajabule, kodwa futhi ashintsha isimo se-electron spin. Le electron ephindwe kabili manje isiyisigqila semithetho eyinkimbinkimbi ye-quantum mechanics futhi kufanele igcine amandla okukhanya kuze kube yilapho isifinyelele isimo esizinzile sokuphumula. Lokhu kuvumela okokusebenza ukuthi kugcine ukukhanya isikhathi eside kakhulu ngaphambi kokuphumula. Izinto ezikhazimulayo ngokuvamile ziyi-fluorescent kanye ne-phosphorescent ngesikhathi esisodwa, kubalwa cishe ukusetshenziswa okufanayo kwamagama (Boundless 2016). Amandla okukhanya amandla elanga angawakhiqiza ayamangalisa ngempela.

Ukubophela i-fluorescence ne-phosphorescence emigwaqweni yethu

Ubuqili bami kuyo yonke into ye-photo-luminescent sesizoneliseka ngale kwemicabango yami eyingozi, ngenxa yokusungulwa kwakamuva kukaDkt. Jose Carlos Rubio eNyuvesi yaseSan Nicolas Hidalgo eMexico. UDkt. Carlos Rubio udale ngempumelelo usimende okhanyayo-ebumnyameni ngemva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye yocwaningo nentuthuko. Lobu buchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi obusanda kugcinwa bugcina ukusebenza kukasimende kodwa bususa i-opaque crystalline by-product microstructure, okuvumela izinto ze-phosphorescent zibonakale (Elderridge 2016). Usimende "uyashaja" ukuze ugcwale ngemizuzu eyishumi kuphela yokuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwemvelo futhi uzokhanya amahora angafika kwangu-12 ubusuku ngabunye. I-fluorescence yezinto ezibonakalayo nayo ihlala isikhathi eside ekuhlolweni kwesikhathi. Ukukhanya kuzokwehla ngo-1-2% kuphela ngonyaka futhi kugcine umthamo ongaphezu kuka-60% iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-20 (Balogh 2016).