Nā hoʻolālā ākea honua: Hana pū nā ʻāina a hoʻokūkū i ka lewa

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• Ka inoa o ka mea kākau

  Quantumrun Foresight
• Ianuari 25, 2023

ʻAʻole hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​lāhui i kūkulu ʻia i kā lākou papahana lewa. He hōʻailona ka ʻimi lewa no ka waiwai a me ka mana, akā he waiwai nō hoʻi ia i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻike e hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola ma ka Honua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka politika ka mea e hoʻoikaika ai i nā hoʻolālā ākea.

ʻO ka pōʻaiapili hoʻolālā ākea honua

Wahi a ka International Astronautical Federation (IAF), aia he 72 mau keʻena kikowaena like ʻole ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i ka makahiki 2022. Eia naʻe, ʻeono wale nō i loaʻa nā mana hoʻomaka piha. ʻOiai ʻo ka US 'National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) ka mea kānalua i kēia kahua, ʻo nā keʻena lewa ʻē aʻe, e like me Kina a me United Arab Emirates (UAE), ua hoʻolauna kūleʻa i ka mokulele i Mars. 

Ua lawe nā alakaʻi kālai'āina i nā ala like ʻole i ka wā e pili ana i nā hoʻolālā lewa. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻomaopopo ka Pelekikena mua ʻo ʻAmelika ʻo Barack Obama i ka pili ʻana o ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i ka lewa i ka ʻike a me ka holomua o ʻAmelika; akā naʻe, ʻoi aku ka mālama ʻana i ke kālā ma mua o nā pelekikena ʻē aʻe. Ma muli o nā pilikia he nui e kū nei i ka lāhui, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i makemake e hoʻolilo i ka hakahaka ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO kāna hoʻolālā no ka hana hou ʻana i ka lewa e hōʻemi i ka pilikia ma NASA a me ke aupuni ʻoiai e hana pū ana me nā hoa hana honua a me ka ʻoihana ʻoihana e like me SpaceX. Ua hana maikaʻi kēia hana, me nā hui like ʻole ma waena o NASA a me ka European Space Agency (ESA). Eia kekahi, ua lilo ʻo SpaceX i ka mokulele mokulele i hōʻoia ʻia e lawe i nā astronauts i ka International Space Station (ISS) i 2020.

Ka hopena hoʻopilikia

Ua hoʻomaka kekahi mau ʻāina i nā mikiona ākea a me nā hui. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻokumu ʻo UAE i kahi mokulele mokulele ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo Hope Mars Mission i 2020, e komo ana i ka orbit Mars i 2021. Ua manaʻo ʻia ka papahana ʻo ia ka huakaʻi mokulele interplanetary mua loa o ka honua Arab a ua hana i nā ʻikepili kūʻokoʻa a me nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka lewa a me ka haku mele ʻana o Mars.

Ua hoʻolilo ke aupuni Emirati i $ 5.5 biliona USD i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka lewa, e like me ka National. Manaʻo ka holomua o Hope e paipai i ka hanauna hou o nā ʻepekema Arab a me nā ʻenekinia. Wahi a Sarah Amiri, ke alakaʻi ʻepekema no ka misionari Hope, e kōkua lākou i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina mai ka ʻoihana aila a i kahi mea hilinaʻi ʻole.

I kēia manawa, hāʻawi ka ESA a me ka Canadian Space Agency i ka James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma 2021. Ua lanakila ka telescope i ka Hubble Space Telescope kaulana a hiki ke hopu i nā kiʻi ʻoi aku ka pololei o nā ʻōnaehana solar me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka infrared. Manaʻolana ka poʻe ʻepekema e alakaʻi ʻo JWST i kahi ʻike hohonu loa o nā honua honua ʻē aʻe i hiki ke noho ʻia. Manaʻo nā hana ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i ka ʻimi ākea. Ma 2021, ua wehe ʻo ESA i nā noi no nā para-astronauts me nā pilikia kino. Ua ʻōlelo ka ʻoihana he "wahi no ka poʻe āpau," i hoʻopiʻi ʻia me nā mea noi 22,000.

Ke manaʻo nei ke Kuhina Nui o India ʻo Narendra Modi e hoʻolaha i ka ʻoihana ākea aupuni i pale nui ʻia e hoʻokūkū me kāna mau hoa honua. I ka makahiki 2021, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Modi i ka hui kūʻokoʻa pilikino mua o ka ʻāina (Indian Space Association). ʻO nā kulekele hoʻolālā, i hoʻopau ʻia, e hiki ai i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka ʻenehana ākea a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā hoʻopukapuka pilikino ma ka ʻāpana ākea o India.

Nā hopena o nā hoʻolālā ākea honua 

ʻO nā hopena nui aʻe o nā hoʻolālā ākea honua hiki ke komo: 

• ʻOi aku ka laulima ʻana ma waena o nā keʻena lewa ākea e hoʻoikaika i ka noiʻi ʻana i ka hikiwawe o ka ʻāina, me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana orbital, hoʻokumu i nā waiwai orbital space (e like me nā pūnaewele satellite a me nā kikowaena kikowaena), a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā kolone Moon a me Mars.
• ʻO nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e koi ana i ka pono o ka diplomacy space a me ka politika a me nā kūlana a me nā hoʻoponopono no nā hoʻolālā ākea, ka ʻimi ʻana, a me ka huakaʻi. 
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka hana ma ka ʻenekinia lewa a me nā ʻāpana noiʻi, e alakaʻi ana i ka nui o nā ʻōpio e huki ʻia i ke kula.
• Hoʻomohala wikiwiki i nā hoʻokolohua non-interplanetary, e like me ka noiʻi meaʻai ākea a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana meaʻai honua.
• ʻOi aku ka hoʻokūkū ma ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi ākea ākea, me nā lawelawe ancillary e like me nā hōkele a me nā ʻoliʻoli.

Nā nīnau e manaʻo ai

• Pehea e hiki ai i nā aupuni ke hui maikaʻi i nā hana hoʻolālā a me nā misionari?
• He aha nā pōmaikaʻi ʻē aʻe o nā hoʻolālā ākea lōʻihi?