Ulimi wotsitsimutsa: Kusintha kwaulimi wokhazikika

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• December 7, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Pamene kuwonongeka kwa nthaka ndi kudula mitengo kukupitiriza kubweretsa mavuto kwa ulimi, akatswiri akulimbikitsa kwambiri ulimi wokonzanso kuti amangenso ndi kukonza nthaka. Ulimiwu umagwiritsa ntchito kasinthasintha wa mbewu ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zobwezeretsera zakudya komanso kuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide. Zotsatira zina zomwe zatenga nthawi yayitali pazaulimi wokonzanso zitha kukhala zopanda phindu kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu a alimi ndi ogula abwino omwe amakonda kugula kuchokera kumafamu osinthika. 

Regenerative Agriculture

Kusintha kwa nyengo kukusokoneza kwambiri ulimi, kukulitsa mavuto omwe alipo ndipo kumapangitsa kuti madera ena achuluke chilala komanso chipululu. Ulimi wokonzanso ukufunika chifukwa umathandizira alimi kusunga nyonga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nthaka. Imalowetsanso mpweya m'nthaka, momwe imatha kutsekeredwa kwa zaka zambiri. 

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu yaulimi wosinthika kuphatikiza:  

1. Agroforestry - yomwe imaphatikiza mitengo ndi mbewu pamtunda womwewo; 
2. Ulimi wotetezedwa - womwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa nthaka, ndi 
3. Kulima kosatha - komwe kumalima mbewu zomwe zimakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa zaka ziwiri kuti zisadzalenso chaka chilichonse. 

Njira imodzi yodziwika bwino muulimi wobwezeretsanso ndikulima kosungira. Kukokoloka kwa nthaka ndi kutulutsa mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide ndi zina mwa zotsatira za kulima kapena kulima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yosakanikirana yomwe imakhala yovuta kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tipulumuke. Pofuna kupewa izi, alimi atha kutsata njira zolima pang'ono kapena zosalima, zomwe zingachepetse kusokonezeka kwa nthaka. Mchitidwewu, m'kupita kwa nthawi, udzachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamoyo, kupanga malo abwino osati zomera zokha komanso kusunga mpweya wochuluka momwe uyenera - pansi. 

Njira ina ndi kasinthasintha ndi kuphimba mbewu. M'malo mwake, dothi lomwe latsala panja limawonongeka, ndipo zakudya zonse zofunika kuti mbewu zikule zimasanduka nthunzi kapena kukokoloka. Komanso, ngati mbewu zomwezo zitabzalidwa pamalo amodzi, zitha kuchititsa kuti muchulukidwe zakudya zina pomwe kusowa zina. Komabe, posintha dala mbewu ndi kubzala zovundikira, alimi ndi olima amawonjezera pang’onopang’ono zinthu zamitundumitundu m’nthaka yawo—kaŵirikaŵiri popanda kuthana ndi matenda kapena tizilombo.

Zosokoneza

Ulimi wosinthika uli ndi kuthekera kopititsa patsogolo michere yazakudya komanso kukhazikika kwachilengedwe. Mwamwayi, kupita patsogolo kwakukulu m'mundawu kukutuluka kumene kumatchedwa ulimi wolondola; Umisiriwu umagwiritsa ntchito mapu a GPS ndi masensa ena kuti athandize alimi kuti azidzipangira okha ndi kuwongolera njira monga kuthirira ndi kuthirira. Kuphatikiza apo, mapulogalamu omwe amakonza zidziwitso munthawi yeniyeni angathandize alimi kukonzekera nyengo yotentha ndikuwunika momwe nthaka yawo ikuyendera komanso momwe dothi limapangidwira.

M'magulu apadera, mabungwe akuluakulu angapo akufufuza ulimi wokonzanso. Bungwe la Regenerative Organic Alliance (gulu la alimi, mabizinesi, ndi akatswiri) lakhazikitsa pulogalamu yotsimikizira kuti zinthu zolembedwa kuti “zakulitsidwanso” zikukwaniritsa miyezo yeniyeni. Pakadali pano, General Mills wopanga zakudya za ogula akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito ulimi wokonzanso ku malo opitilira 1 miliyoni pofika 2030.

Zopanda phindu zosiyanasiyana zikuyikanso ndalama ndikukankhira ulimi wokonzanso m'gawo lazakudya ndi ulimi. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la Regeneration International likuyesetsa “kupititsa patsogolo, kutsogolera, ndi kufulumizitsa kusintha kwa padziko lonse kuchoka ku zakudya zowononga n’kupita ku zongowonjezereka, njira zaulimi, ndi kaonekedwe ka malo. Mofananamo, Savory Institute ikufuna kugawana zambiri ndikulimbikitsa njira zopangira udzu zomwe zimaphatikizapo ulimi wokonzanso.

Zotsatira za ulimi wosinthika

Zotsatira zazikulu za ulimi wosinthika zingaphatikizepo: 

• Opanda phindu ndi opanga zakudya akulumikizana kuti akhazikitse mapulogalamu a maphunziro ndi thandizo la ndalama kwa alimi omwe akufuna kuchita ulimi wokonzanso.
• Alimi amaphunzitsa anthu kugwiritsa ntchito ulimi wokhazikika komanso wosinthika, kuphatikiza kudziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito bwino zida zaulimi, mapulogalamu, ndi maloboti.
• Kuchulukitsa kwandalama pazida ndi mapulogalamu a agritech, makamaka oyambira omwe amayang'ana kwambiri ulimi wokha.
• Ogula abwino omwe amakonda kugula kuchokera kumafamu okonzanso, kulimbikitsa mabizinesi ambiri aulimi kuti asinthe ulimi wokonzanso.
• Maboma akulimbikitsa ulimi wokonzanso popereka ndalama minda yaing'ono ndikuwapatsa agritech (ukadaulo waulimi).
• Ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa akusintha ndondomeko zawo zopezera ndalama kuti aziika patsogolo malonda kuchokera kumafamu okonzanso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwa kayendedwe kazinthu.
• Kukula kwakukula kwa ogula kuti awonetsetse poyera pakupanga chakudya kumalimbikitsa chitukuko cha ukadaulo waulimi.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Ngati mukufuna kugula zokolola zanu m'mafamu okhazikika, ndi makhalidwe ati omwe mumayang'ana?
• Kodi makampani ndi maboma angalimbikitse bwanji alimi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsitsimutsa?