Influencer disinformation: Ukubeka ubuso obunobungane empini yolwazi

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• December 9, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Njengoba amazwe, osopolitiki, nezinkampani ziqhubeka zilwa impi yolwazi, zihlale zifuna izindlela zokufinyelela abasebenzisi abaningi be-inthanethi ngangokunokwenzeka. Enye yezindlela eziphusile nezomuntu siqu zokukholisa iqembu labantu ngokusebenzisa abagqugquzeli benkundla yezokuxhumana nababukeli. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu zokuthi abagqugquzeli baya ngokuya besetshenziselwa imikhankaso yokukhipha ulwazi.

Influencer disinformation umongo

I-World Health Organization ibize ulwazi olungelona iqiniso mayelana nobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 ngokuthi “i-infodemic,” njengoba lubangele imiphumela emibi kakhulu yezempilo phakathi kuka-2020 kuya ku-2022. beyibiza ngokuthi i-scamdemic) noma babuze ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwemithi yokugoma ezigidini zabo zababhalisile. 

Abagqugquzeli bezokuxhumana besimanje bangasakaza imininingwane engamanga ngesivinini esishaqisayo, ikakhulukazi njengoba sebesungule ubuhlobo nokwethembana nabalandeli babo, iningi labo okuyintsha kanye nezingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi olungalungile kanye nemibono yozungu kube nomthelela emazingeni aphezulu okungabaza wokugoma. Ngale kwezindaba zezempilo, umkhakha wezepolitiki nawo usuqalile ukusebenzisa abagqugquzeli benkundla yezokuxhumana ukuphazamisa imibono yomphakathi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokhetho.

Imibuso yeziphathimandla idume kabi ngokusebenzisa abagqugquzeli ukuthuthukisa inkulumo-ze kahulumeni. Ezinye zezintatheli zaseChina ezisebenzisana nohulumeni ziye zazibiza njengabagqugquzeli be-Instagram noma ama-blogger asemfashinini. Izwe liphinde laqasha amafemu ukuthi aqashe abagqugquzeli ukuthi balethe imiyalezo ecatshangelwe ngokucophelela ekhulisa isithombe salo kubasebenzisi benkundla yezokuxhumana, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuphakama kwalolu bhubhane. 

Kodwa-ke, abanye osaziwayo bangakwazi ukusabalalisa ulwazi oluyi-disinformation ngokungazi ngokuqinisekisa ulwazi lwabo ku-inthanethi. Isibonelo, umculi u-Rihanna wabelane ngesithombe esidukisayo semililo yase-Australia yango-2020 ku-Twitter. Ngo-Ephreli 2020, umlingisi uWoody Harrelson wabelane ngezingozi eziqanjiwe zobuchwepheshe be-5G nabalandeli bakhe be-Instagram abayizigidi ezimbili. Futhi ngoJulayi 2020, umrepha uKanye West watshela iForbes ukuthi ukholelwa ukuthi umuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19 ungasetshenziswa ukufaka ama-chips emizimbeni yabantu.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ngo-2021, iqembu labagqugquzeli baseFrance naseJalimane ku-YouTube baveze ukuthi i-ejensi yezokumaketha yaseRussia/UK, uFazze, yaya kubo ukuze isabalalise ulwazi olungahlosiwe mayelana nemigomo ye-COVID-19. Inkampani yathembisa ukubakhokhela ukuze bamemezele imininingwane “eputshuziwe” eyayiphakamisa ukuthi izinga lokufa komjovo we-Pfizer lalicishe liphindwe kathathu kwele-AstraZeneca. Yayingekho idatha enjalo eputshuziwe, futhi ulwazi lwalungamanga. Yize laba basebenzisi be-YouTube babazi ukuthi "baqashwe" ukusabalalisa ulwazi olungahlosiwe, benza sengathi banentshisekelo yokufunda kabanzi ngalolu hlelo. Bathole iziyalezo zokungavezi ukuthi amavidiyo abo azoxhaswa (okungekho emthethweni) futhi benze sengathi bebeluleka ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwangempela ngababukeli babo. 

Ngaleso sikhathi, kusukela ngo-2021, abadali bokuqukethwe baseKenya bangathola u-$10-15 USD nsuku zonke ngokuhlambalaza izishoshovu nezintatheli ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Ngo-2021, i-hashtag ethi #AnarchistJudges yaqala ukuvela kumugqa wesikhathi we-Twitter kulo lonke elaseKenya. Lo mkhankaso we-Twitter wenziwe ama-bots amaningi angenabuso futhi waphinda wabhalwa kabusha ngochungechunge lwama-akhawunti wopopayi we-sock (ubunikazi obuqanjiwe be-inthanethi).

Lawa ma-tweets azame ukucekela phansi isithunzi samajaji amaningi eNkantolo Ephakeme ayesanda kuwuchitha uMthethosivivinywa Wokuchibiyela uMthethosisekelo. Ukumangalelwa okungamanga kokuthi amajaji ahlanganyela ezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni, ukufumbathisa nenkohlakalo yezombangazwe ngokushesha kwavela kwaba ngesinye sezihloko okukhulunywa ngazo kakhulu ezweni. Uphenyo oluvela enhlanganweni yabezindaba i-Wired lwenza izingxoxo ezimbalwa nabagqugquzeli benkundla yezokuxhumana ezweni, futhi kwaba nobufakazi bebhizinisi elichumayo, eline-radar ephansi labadali bokuqukethwe abaqashwe ngokwepolitiki. Izintatheli nezishoshovu nabo baye babhekana nengcindezi engapheli kanye nezinsongo zokuthi bathuliswe noma bacekele phansi isithunzi sabo.

Imithelela ye-influencer disinformation

Imithelela ebanzi ye-influencer disinformation ingabandakanya: 

• Ingcindezi ekhulayo yezinkundla zokuxhumana ukuthi ihlole ingemuva kubasebenzisi bazo abadumile futhi yehlise/yenze imali yokuqukethwe okungamanga.
• Izintatheli nezishoshovu ezibhekana nokuhlukunyezwa okwengeziwe okuvela emaqenjini ahleliwe abagqugquzeli ukuze baqashwe.
• Abagqugquzeli abengeziwe abaxhaswe uhulumeni abaqashwe ukuphika izinsolo zokona kuzwelonke noma bakhuthaze amanga/imibono yozungu ukuze kuphazamiseke uquqaba. 
• Abagqugquzeli benkundla yezokuxhumana bathola isamba esikhulu semali ngokubamba iqhaza emikhankasweni yokuqamba amanga.
• Osopolitiki nezinkampani ezisebenzisa abagqugquzeli abaningi bezokuxhumana ukuze balawule umonakalo noma baphambukise ukunaka kumahlazo.
• Ukwenyuswa kokuhlolwa kokulawula kanye nemihlahlandlela yokuqukethwe eqinile yezinkundla zokuxhumana, okuholela ekuziphenduleleni okuthuthukisiwe kokusatshalaliswa kolwazi.
• Ukuthuthukiswa okuthuthukisiwe kwezinhlelo zokufunda nokubhala kwedijithali ezikoleni, okuhlomisa izizukulwane ezizayo ukuthi zihlole ngokucophelela okuqukethwe ku-inthanethi.
• Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi asuselwa ku-AI yizinkampani zenkundla yezokuxhumana ukuthola nokuhlaba umkhosi ulwazi olubulalayo olusakazwa ngabagqugquzeli.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Yimiphi eminye yemikhankaso ye-influencer disinformation oyibonile?
• Abantu bangazivikela kanjani kuma-influencer disinformation?