CRISPR da ƙananan cholesterol: magani mara tsammani don slugs

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• Sunan marubuci

  Quantumrun Haskaka
• Yuni 8, 2022

Takaitacciyar fahimta

Ana amfani da fasahar CRISPR don daidaita kwayoyin halitta, mai yuwuwar bayar da kayan aiki mai ƙarfi akan babban cholesterol, batun kiwon lafiya da ke da alaƙa da yanayin zuciya mai tsanani. Hanyar, wacce ke ƙarƙashin gwaji mai ƙarfi, ta nuna sakamako mai ban sha'awa don rage matakan cholesterol sosai a cikin gwaje-gwajen dabbobi, yana ba da hanyar dabarun kiwon lafiya na keɓaɓɓu. Yayin da binciken farko ya kasance mai ban sha'awa, yanayin da ba zai iya jujjuyawa ba na sauye-sauyen halittun da aka haifar yana haifar da babban cikas, yana kira ga ci gaba da taka tsantsan da tsare-tsaren tsari.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da gyaran kwayoyin halitta suna rage cholesterol

CRISPR fasaha ce da za ta iya gyara kwayoyin halitta daidai ta hanyar gano takamaiman yanki na DNA a cikin tantanin halitta sannan kuma fara wani tsari wanda zai canza sashin DNA don samar da sakamako ko sakamako da ake so. Masana kimiyya a fannoni daban-daban suna amfani da wannan ƙirƙira don aikace-aikacen sabbin abubuwa, musamman a fagen kiwon lafiya. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan aikace-aikacen ya haɗa da magance cututtukan zuciya, babban abin da ke haifar da mutuwa a yawancin ƙasashe masu tasowa.

Cholesterol yana yin ayyuka da yawa masu mahimmanci a jikin ɗan adam. Ana samun sinadarin, alal misali, a cikin membranes tantanin halitta kuma jiki yana buƙata don samar da bitamin D kuma ya zaɓi hormones. Yawan cholesterol a cikin nau'in lipoprotein mai ƙarancin yawa (LDL) shine, a gefe guda, haɗarin cutar atherosclerosis, wanda shine takurewar arteries na zuciya saboda jibgewar plaques mai kitse kuma yana iya haifar da bugun zuciya ko bugun jini. . Kwai, jan nama, da man shanu, sune tushen tushen cholesterol, wanda jiki ke samarwa a cikin hanta. Wasu mutane suna ganin suna da saurin kamuwa da cutar hawan jini ko da kuwa abincinsu.

Wata ƙungiyar masana kimiyya daga Verve Therapeutics da Makarantar Magunguna ta Perelman ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania sun gano tsarin gyara kwayoyin halittar CRISPR wanda ya rage matakan cholesterol a cikin jinin birai na gwaji. Masu binciken sun auna matakin cholesterol na birai akai-akai bayan an yi musu magani. Bayan mako guda, masanan kimiyya sun ƙaddara cewa matakan furotin na PCSK9 sun ragu da kusan kashi 90 cikin ɗari, kuma ƙananan ƙwayoyin lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) sun ragu da kusan kashi 60. A cewar masu binciken, waɗannan ƙimar sun kasance aƙalla watanni 10. An kuma ba da shawarar cewa waɗannan sakamakon sun nuna cewa maganin zai iya dacewa da gwajin ɗan adam. Koyaya, hukumomin kiwon lafiya sun nuna jinkirin amincewa da waɗannan nau'ikan hanyoyin tushen CRISPR saboda rashin yuwuwar (a halin yanzu) na sake juyar da sauye-sauyen ilimin halitta CRISPR ke haifarwa - sakamakon da zai iya haifar da sakamakon da ba a zata ba.

Tasiri mai rudani

A cikin 2030s, da zarar an tabbatar da aminci da ingancin waɗannan jiyya, tare da haɓaka hanyoyin da za a iya juyar da ayyukan CRISPR, yana iya zama kayan aiki mai ƙarfi don magance yanayin yanayin kiwon lafiya da yawa. Fasahar ta yi alƙawarin rage nauyin lafiyar waɗanda ke fama da matsanancin ƙwayar cholesterol, haɓaka ingancin rayuwarsu da yiwuwar tsawaita rayuwa.

Bugu da ƙari, daidaikun mutane na iya samun kwanciyar hankali da sanin cewa suna da zaɓi don juyar da tasirin ayyukan CRISPR idan ya cancanta. Wannan sassauci na iya haɓaka hanyar keɓantacce ga kiwon lafiya, inda aka keɓance jiyya don biyan buƙatu na musamman da abubuwan da kowane mutum zai zaɓa. Ga kamfanonin da ke aiki a cikin masana'antar kiwon lafiya da jin daɗin rayuwa, yawan ɗaukar CRISPR don sarrafa cholesterol yana nuna alamar canji. Kasuwanci na iya buƙatar sake fasalin dabarun su don haɗa wannan sabon tsarin jiyya, haɓaka haɗin gwiwa tare da kamfanonin fasahar kere kere don sauƙaƙe bincike da haɓakawa.

A halin yanzu, gwamnatoci suna fuskantar ɗawainiya biyu na haɓaka ƙididdigewa yayin tabbatar da aminci da ɗabi'a na fasahar CRISPR. Ƙungiyoyin da ke da tsari na iya buƙatar samar da tsare-tsare don sa ido kan aikace-aikacen wannan fasaha, tabbatar da yin amfani da ita cikin gaskiya da kuma amfanar da ɗimbin jama'a, da guje wa yuwuwar yin amfani da su ko kuma rashin adalci. Wannan zamanin yana ba da dama ga mafi kyawun tsarin kula da lafiya.

Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na CRISPR don magance cholesterol

Babban fa'idodin fasahar CRISPR da ake amfani da su don kula da yanayin kiwon lafiya na gama gari sun haɗa da:

• Magance yanayin da aka rigaya a cikin marasa lafiya, irin su osteoporosis ko rashin gani.
• Ana samar da sabbin magunguna don magance cututtukan da ba a iya magance su a baya, kamar su kansa, cutar sankarar bargo, da kuma Alzheimer's. 
• Taimakawa mutane wajen yakar kiba da cututtukan da ke da alaka da ita, wadanda za a iya hada su da wasu dabaru irin su cin abinci da motsa jiki.
• Masana'antar jin daɗin rayuwa tana haɓaka don haɗawa da keɓaɓɓen jiyya na CRISPR don abokan ciniki a matsayin madadin mutane suna canza salon rayuwarsu ko halayen motsa jiki. 
• Rage dogon lokaci a cikin kashe kuɗin kula da lafiyar gwamnati ya kamata yawan aikace-aikacen magungunan CRISPR ya inganta lafiyar jama'a gaba ɗaya ta matakan ƙididdiga masu ma'ana.
• Jihohi da ƙungiyoyi masu yuwuwar 'yan damfara suna amfani da wannan fasaha don kera sabbin makaman kare dangi da aka yi niyya ga takamaiman al'umma. 

Tambayoyin da za a duba

• Shin kun yi imani za a iya cutar da jiyya na CRISPR gwargwadon abin da ya haifar da cutarwa fiye da mai kyau?
• Wadanne bangarori na lafiyar dan adam yakamata a takaita jiyya na CRISPR daga, idan akwai?