Enzymes masu cin filastik don rushe filastik don sake amfani da su

• About the Author:
• Sunan marubuci

  Quantumrun Haskaka
• Fabrairu 19, 2022

A cewar Jami’ar Portsmouth, gungun masu binciken da a baya suka gano wani sinadarin da ke cin robobi mai suna PETase, sun hada shi da wani enzyme domin hanzarta lalata filastik. Wannan sabon super-enzyme yana lalata filastik kusan sau shida da sauri fiye da enzyme na baya, kuma nan da nan za a iya amfani da shi ko'ina don sake amfani da shi.

Filastik-cin enzymes mahallin

Gurbacewar filastik ta gurɓata mafi yawan mahalli a duniya; a haƙiƙa, rahotanni suna girma da ke nuna cewa mutane a yankuna daban-daban na duniya suna numfashi da cinye ƙwayoyin microplastic. Abin farin ciki, masu bincike sun ƙirƙira wani super-enzyme wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen sake yin amfani da filastik. 

Sabuwar sigar wannan super-enzyme an yi ta ne ta hanyar haɗa wasu enzymes guda biyu; Dukansu an same su ne a cikin wani kwaro mai cin robobi da Japan ta gano a shekarar 2016. Masana kimiyya sun bullo da wani nau'in injiniyoyi na farko a cikin 2018, wanda zai iya rushe robobi a cikin 'yan kwanaki. Super-enzyme na baya-bayan nan yana aiki sau shida cikin sauri, yana ba da haɓaka ga aikace-aikacen sake amfani da su nan gaba. Wannan super-enzyme kuma yana iya aiki a yanayin zafin ɗaki. 

Tasiri mai rudani

Darakta kuma babban marubucin Cibiyar Innovation Enzyme a Jami'ar Portsmouth, John McGeehan, ya ce wannan ci gaba na amfani da enzymes wani babban mataki ne na sake sarrafa robobi da rage gurɓatar filastik. Ya kuma bayyana cewa, masana kimiyya sun sami isassun kudade don yin ƙarin gwaje-gwajen, kuma sakamakon nasara na iya nufin cewa wata rana za a iya sake yin amfani da Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) maimakon yin amfani da mai don samar da sabbin kayan robobi. 

Bugu da ƙari, masu bincike yanzu suna nazarin yadda za a iya ƙara inganta waɗannan enzymes don sa su yi aiki da sauri. Haɗa waɗannan sabbin enzymes masu cin filastik tare da na baya waɗanda ke lalata zaruruwan yanayi na iya ba da damar gaurayawan kayan da za a sake sarrafa su gabaɗaya—tsari mai wahala da tsada kamar na 2021.

Bugu da kari, masu binciken sun kuma gano kwari da ke cin wasu robobi, kamar polyurethane—wani abu da ake amfani da shi sosai amma ba kasafai ake sake yin amfani da shi ba.

Aikace-aikace na filastik-cin enzymes

Ana iya amfani da enzymes masu cin abinci don:

• Mai riba mai riba mai daɗaɗɗen robobi ya zama albarkatun ƙasa don amfanin masana'antu masu tsada.
• Rage sharar filastik a cikin manyan ayyukan kasuwanci.
• Rage girman juji na duniya (ciki har da babban facin datti na Pacific) da gyara wuraren da sharar ta shafa.
• Maimaita riguna masu gauraye a masana'antar kera, yana taimakawa fannin cimma burin sharar gida. 

Tambayoyi don yin tsokaci akai

• Shin waɗannan enzymes masu cin filastik za su iya zama maganin matsalolin sharar filastik a duniya?
• Ta yaya za a magance sharar filastik a nan gaba?
• Ta yaya tsarin sarrafa sharar gida na yanzu zai iya canzawa tare da gabatar da waɗannan sabbin enzymes?
• Shin sake yin amfani da filastik ta hanyar enzymes masu cin filastik mafita ce ta tattalin arziki?