Ƙarshen na iya kasancewa kusa da Babban Barrier Reef

Tsarin rayuwa na yanzu na Great Shamaki Reef ya dandana bleaching hudu a cikin shekaru 19. Bleaching yana faruwa lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru kuma murjani yana fitar da algae da ke cikinsa, yana zubar da launinsa. Yana da tsarin murjani mafi girma a duniya kuma yana da fiye da shekaru 8,000, duk da haka lokacin sa yana kurewa. An kira shi Taskar Ƙasa ta Ostiraliya da ƙwarewar rayuwa sau ɗaya don masu yawon bude ido, kuma yanzu, mai yiwuwa don wani dalili na daban. 

A binciken, wanda Cibiyar Kwarewa ta ARC don Nazarin Coral Reef ta gudanar, an fitar a cikin Maris yana mai dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla a lokacin bleaching akai-akai a cikin 1998, 2002, da 2016 har yanzu yana tsakiyar wani taron bleaching.  

Yanayi na reef bazai ƙare ba tukuna a cewar Daraktan Cibiyar ARC, amma murjani yana girma kaɗan kamar inci 0.1 a shekara kuma har ma da murjani mafi girma na iya ɗaukar shekaru goma don murmurewa zuwa cikakkiyar lafiya. Bleaching biyu na ƙarshe ya faru ne watanni 12 a tsakani, ba da damar murmurewa ga murjani da suka lalace a cikin 2016.  

Corals suna cimma launin su ta hanyar algae, wanda tare da shi suke da alaƙar alama. Coral yana ba da mafakar algae da mahadi don photosynthesis. A gefe guda, algae kan taimaka  kawar da sharar gida, kuma yana ba  murjani oxygen da carbohydrates  da suke samarwa daga photosynthesis. Algae yana barin murjani don kare kansa lokacin da yake damuwa saboda dalilai daban-daban kamar ruwan dumi, karin hasken rana, da canje-canje a cikin salinity. Murjani ya zama fari ko “bleached.” Algae na iya dawowa lokacin da ruwan ya huce, amma idan hakan bai faru ba, to murjani kawai ya mutu. 

Binciken, wanda ya tattara bayanai ta hanyar binciken iska da ruwa, yana da lambobi masu ban tsoro game da waɗannan mutuwar murjani. A cikin 1998 da 2002, kusan kashi goma cikin 2016 na rafin da aka bincika sun sami bleaching mai tsanani. A cikin 90, kashi 50 cikin XNUMX sun sami matsala ta hanyar bleaching tare da kashi XNUMX na rafin da ke fuskantar bleaching mai tsanani.  

Har ila yau, binciken ya nuna cewa rafuka ba sa sabawa da ruwan zafi. Reefs sun yi bleaching kafin har yanzu sun yi bleaching kamar mummunan lokacin da abin ya faru.  

Hasashen duniya game da raƙuman ruwa ma ba shi da kyau, tare da ƙwararrun masana suna lura cewa raƙuman ruwa kamar yadda muka sani su ba za su sake komawa tsarin su kafin bleaching tare da bleaching ya zama abin al'ajabi na duniya. Kusan kashi 70% na murjani reefs na duniya na iya yin asara nan da 2050.  

Masana sun kammala da cewa bayan ruwa yana faruwa ne saboda sauyin yanayi. An fara gano bleaching mai yawa a ƙarshen rabin karni na 20, wanda ya yi daidai da dumamar yanayin da ake iya ganowa sakamakon rashin iskar gas. Kafin wannan lokacin, bleaching wani lamari ne da aka keɓance kawai wanda ke son ya faru a lokacin matsanancin raƙuman ruwa.