Brain-computer interfaces: Helping the human mind evolve through machines

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  Quantumrun Foresight
• November 19, 2021

Imagine a world where your thoughts can control machines - that's the promise of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology. This technology, which interprets brain signals into commands, has the potential to affect industries, from entertainment to healthcare and even global security. However, governments and businesses need to navigate the ethical and regulatory challenges it presents, ensuring it's used responsibly and equitably.

Brain-computer interface context

A brain-computer interface (BCI) interprets electrical signals from neurons and translates them into commands that can control the environment. A 2023 study published in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience highlighted the advancements in closed-loop BCI, which transmits brain signals as controlled commands and provides feedback to the brain to execute specific tasks. This feature demonstrates its potential in improving the quality of life for patients suffering from neurodegenerative or psychiatric diseases.

Mechanical engineers at Arizona State University have utilized BCI technology to control drones simply by instructing them through thoughts. This application shows the technology’s potential in various fields, from entertainment to defense. Meanwhile, a research team at the Georgia Institute of Technology has been testing electroencephalography (EEG) gadgets that are comfortable, durable, and effective for human use. They connected their device to a virtual reality video game to test the technology, and volunteers controlled actions in the simulation using their thoughts. The machine had a 93 percent rate at picking up the signals correctly.

BCI technology has also found its way into the medical field, particularly in the treatment of neurological diseases. For instance, in cases of epilepsy, patients can choose to have electrodes implanted on the surface of their brain. These electrodes can interpret the brain’s electrical activity and predict the onset of a seizure before it occurs. This feature helps patients take their medication in time, halting the episode and sustaining a much better quality of life.

Disruptive impact 

In the entertainment industry, video games may not just be controlled by handheld devices but by the very thoughts of the players. This development could lead to a new era of gaming where the line between the virtual and the real world becomes blurred, providing an immersive experience that is unparalleled by today's standards. This feature could also open up new avenues for storytelling and content creation, where creators can design experiences that respond to the thoughts and emotions of the audience.

In the healthcare sector, BCI technology could fundamentally change the way we approach neurodegenerative diseases and physical disabilities. For those with conditions like Huntington's disorder, the ability to communicate effectively could be restored through the use of BCI devices, improving their quality of life. Furthermore, the technology could be used in rehabilitation, helping individuals regain control of their limbs after a stroke or an accident.

On a larger scale, the implications of BCI technology for global security are profound. The ability to control drones and other weapons systems with the mind could permanently change the way military operations are conducted. This trend could lead to more precise and effective strategies, reducing the risk of collateral damage and improving the safety of personnel. However, this also raises important ethical and regulatory questions. Governments will need to establish clear guidelines and regulations to prevent misuse and ensure that the use of this technology aligns with international laws and human rights standards.

Implications of brain-computer interfaces

Wider implications of BCIs may include: 

• Patients with neurological disorders being able to communicate with others through their thoughts.
• Paraplegic and quadriplegic patients, as well as patients in need of prosthetic limbs, having new options for increased mobility and independence. 
• Militaries using BCI technology to coordinate better tactics among personnel, including be able to control their combat vehicles and weaponry remotely. 
• Personalized learning experiences, enhancing the cognitive abilities of students and potentially transforming the way we approach education.
• New industries and job opportunities in healthcare, entertainment, and defense.
• The misuse of BCI technology in military applications escalating global security threats, requiring stricter international regulations and political cooperation to prevent potential conflicts.
• Companies using BCI to bombard consumers with nontstop advertisements and algorithms, leading to a deeper level of privacy violations.
• Cybercriminals hacking into people's minds, using their thoughts for blackmail, illegal financial transactions, and identity theft.

Questions to consider

• How soon do you think BCI tech will be adopted by the general public? 
• Do you think there will be evolutionary changes in the human race if the implantation of BCI tech becomes common?