Mavuto amitengo ya nyumba komanso njira zina zanyumba zapansi panthaka

Mavuto amitengo ya nyumba komanso njira zina zanyumba zapansi panthaka

…Kodi nyumba zapansi panthaka zidzathetsa mavuto a nyumba ku Toronto, New York, Hong Kong, London ndi zina zotero? 

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Pamene mumamaliza kuŵerenga nkhaniyi, chiŵerengero cha anthu padziko lonse chikanakhala chitawonjezeka ndi anthu oposa 4,000. Chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse lapansi tsopano chili pafupifupi 7.5 biliyoni, ndipo pafupifupi ana 200,000 amabadwa tsiku lililonse komanso 80 miliyoni pachaka. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za UN, podzafika 2025, anthu oposa 8 biliyoni adzakhala akuthamangira mlengalenga padziko lapansi.

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri lobwera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu kodabwitsa kumeneku ndi nyumba, zomwenso ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira zamtundu wa anthu. Vutoli ndi lalikulu kwambiri m'malo otukuka kwambiri monga Tokyo, New York, Hong Kong, New Delhi, Toronto, Lagos ndi Mexico City.

Kukwera kwa liwiro la jeti kwa mitengo ya nyumba m'mizindayi kwakula kwambiri. Kufunafuna mayankho kwatsala pang'ono kukhala osimidwa.

Ndi mitengo yanyumba yomwe ili pamiyezo yodziwika bwino m'mizinda ikuluikulu, kusankha nyumba zapansi panthaka ngati njira yabwino sikulinso mutu wankhani zopeka za sayansi kapena maloto aukadaulo watsiku.

Beijing ili ndi msika umodzi wokwera mtengo kwambiri wa nyumba padziko lonse lapansi, pomwe mtengo wanyumba ukukwera pafupifupi $5,820 pa lalikulu mita imodzi, kudumpha pafupifupi 30% mchaka chimodzi ku Shanghai. Komanso China idawonanso kukwera kwakukulu kwa 40% pamitengo yanyumba chaka chatha.

London imadziwika osati chifukwa cha mbiri yake yolemera; ndi yotchukanso chifukwa cha mitengo yake yokwera kwambiri ya nyumba. Mitengo yapakati panyumba mumzindawu yakwera ndi 84% - kuchokera pa £257,000 mu 2006 kufika pa £474,000 mu 2016.

Chilichonse chomwe chikukwera, sichingatsike nthawi zonse!

Mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya nyumbayi imalimbikitsidwa ndi chitukuko cha malonda, ogulitsa nyumba ndi anthu osamukira kumidzi. UN inanena kuti chaka chilichonse, anthu pafupifupi 70 miliyoni amasamukira kumizinda ikuluikulu kuchokera kumadera akumidzi, zomwe zikuyambitsa vuto lalikulu lakukonzekera mizinda.

Kusamuka kumatauni sikuwonetsa kutsika kulikonse. Chiwerengero cha anthu akumatauni padziko lonse chikuyembekezeka kupitirira mabiliyoni asanu ndi limodzi pofika chaka cha 2045. 

Kuchulukirachulukira kwa anthu, m'pamenenso kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa zomangamanga ndi mitengo ya nyumba. Ndizosavuta zachuma. Mzinda wa Tokyo uli ndi anthu 38 miliyoni, zomwe zikuchititsa kuti ukhale mzinda waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ikutsatiridwa kwambiri ndi Delhi yokhala ndi 25 miliyoni. Shanghai pamalo achitatu ali ndi 23 miliyoni. Mexico City, Mumbai ndi São Paulo aliyense ali ndi anthu pafupifupi 21 miliyoni. Anthu okwana 18.5 miliyoni alowa mu Apple yayikulu ya New York.

Ziwerengero zazikuluzi zimayika chitsenderezo chachikulu panyumba. Mitengo ndi nyumba zonse zikukwera, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwachilengedwe kwa malo. Mizinda yotukuka kwambiri ilinso ndi malamulo okhwima okhudza mapulani a m’matauni omwe amapangitsa malo kukhala osowa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Toronto ili ndi mfundo ya Ontario Green Belt yomwe imateteza pafupifupi maekala 2 miliyoni kuti asapangidwe malonda kotero kuti chigawo chonsecho chikhale chobiriwira.

Nyumba zapansi panthaka zikukhala njira yokongola m'malo ambiri. Lipoti la BBC Future likuyerekeza anthu pafupifupi 2 miliyoni omwe amakhala kale mobisa ku China. Mzinda wina ku Australia ulinso ndi anthu opitilira 80% okhala mobisa.

Ku London, mapulojekiti opitilira 2000 apansi panthaka amangidwa pazaka 10 zapitazi. Matani oposa XNUMX miliyoni akumbidwa pochita izi. Zipinda zapansi za mabiliyoni zikukhala gawo lazomangamanga pakati pa London. 

Bill Seavey, Mtsogoleri wa Greener Pastures Institute komanso wolemba Momwe Mungakhalire Osowa Pokhala (kale Maloto Akunyumba a Nthawi Zovuta) ndi Maubwenzi a US / Canada, ndiwochirikiza mwamphamvu nyumba zapansi panthaka ndi zina. Bill ananena kuti, "Nyumba zapansi panthaka ndi zabwino mwaukadaulo, makamaka pozimitsa, koma zimafunikirabe malo omangira - komabe, zitha kukhala zazing'ono mumzinda waukulu chifukwa bwalo kapena minda imatha kukhala pamwamba. Zofunikira za malo omanga ndi theka, koma akuluakulu a boma mwina angakane. Okonza mapulani akumatauni ambiri sakuganiza mwatsopano, ndipo omanga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidwi ndi nyumba zapamwamba kwambiri ndikupewa nyumba zotsika mtengo kwambiri - kuchulukirachulukira, osati phindu lokwanira."

Bill anati: “Chochititsa chidwi n’chakuti, njira zomangira m’njira zina kaŵirikaŵiri zimaonedwa kuti n’zochepa poyerekezera ndi nyumba zomata, koma zili m’gulu la nyumba zabwino kwambiri ndiponso zotsika mtengo kwambiri kunjako.

Kodi nyumba zapansi pa nthaka zidzakhala yankho lomaliza ku vuto la kukwera mtengo kwa nyumba?