Amathokheni asetshenziswayo: Indlela yokusungula ukwethembeka kwabalandeli

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• October 24, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Amathokheni abalandeli abumba kabusha ukusebenzelana kwabalandeli, anikeza izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele njengokuvota ezindabeni zeqembu nokufinyelela ezenzakalweni ezikhethekile, kodwa eza nokuntengantenga kanye nezingozi zezimali ezingaba khona. Izingxabano zihlanganisa izenzo zokulawula kanye nezikhalazo zabalandeli mayelana nokwenza imali, okugqamisa ibhalansi ethambile phakathi kokusungula izinto ezintsha nokuvikelwa kwabathengi. Ikusasa lemakethe yamathokheni abalandeli lincike ekutheni lezi zinselele zisingathwa kanjani, zibe nomthelela kokubili izimboni zezemidlalo nezokuzijabulisa kanye nokwethenjwa kwabathengi ezimpahleni zedijithali.

Umongo wamathokheni abalandeli

Amathokheni abalandeli (noma amathokheni ezinsiza) ayazuza njengoba izinkampani nezinhlangano zicabanga ngezindlela ezintsha zokunikeza izinzuzo kubalandeli futhi bazibandakanye nabaxhasi babo. Lawa mathokheni athengwa ukuze kufinyelelwe kumalungelo obulungu akhethekile njengamamuvi, amakhonsathi, nemicimbi yezemidlalo. Amathokheni abalandeli angathengwa futhi athengiswe njengamanye ama-cryptocurrencies.

Kodwa ngokungafani namathokheni angewona ama-fungible (NFTs), amathokheni e-fan ayakwazi ukukhunta (angashintshwa). Banikeza, nokho, ezinye zezinzuzo ezifanayo njenge-NFTs. Amathokheni abalandeli nawo asekelwe ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo, okuhlanganisa ukufinyelela kuma-NFT eshicilelo elikhethekile nokuvota ezindabeni zekilabhu. Inani linqunywa izinga lokufinyelela kwethimba umbambi analo kunenani lethokheni. Kodwa-ke, amapulatifomu okushintshaniswa kwe-crypto axwayisa abasebenzisi ukuthi bacwaninge amathokheni abalandeli abafuna ukuwathenga, njengoba amathokheni angaqagela futhi anciphise inani ngokushesha. 

Amathokheni abalandeli anesabelo sabo sokungqubuzana nabagxeki. Umlawuli wezokukhangisa wase-UK uvimbele ukukhushulwa kwethokheni yabalandeli e-Arsenal Football Club ngoDisemba 2021 ngenxa yamandla angahle adukise abatshalizimali ezingozini ezihlobene nempahla ye-crypto. Abalandeli bebhola emhlabeni wonke baphinde bakhala ngobuningi bala mathokheni abonakala ephusha ukwenza imali kwabalandeli. Abahlaziyi baveze ukukhathazeka ngengozi yokuheha abathengi ukuthi bahwebe ngalezi zinto eziyimfihlo. Ngenxa yokuthi bambalwa abantu abafuna ukuwahweba, amathokheni amaningi abalandeli ayaguquguquka kakhulu. Abaqapheli bayakwazi lokhu futhi bazama ukuzuza ngokuthengisa izimpahla isikhathi esifushane.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Enye yamathokheni abalandeli adingeka kakhulu yilawo akhishwa amakilabhu ebhola. Uma lawa mathokheni ethengwa, abalandeli bangavota ezintweni ezihlukene njengemiklamo yejezi leqembu nokuthi yimuphi umdlali obamba iqhaza emidlalweni ethile. Baphinde babe nethuba lokuvula imiklomelo ye-VIP, okuhlanganisa ukuhlangana nomdlali wabo oyintandokazi noma ukuthola izihlalo ze-VIP emidlalweni. Uma umlandeli enamathokheni amaningi, kulapho akhuluma khona ngokuphatha iqembu. 

Isibonelo, iklabhu yebhola lezinyawo iParis Saint Germain (PSG) inamathokheni abalandeli bomphakathi wayo. Kunezinzuzo ezimbili ezibalulekile zokuba nethokheni yabalandeli be-PSG:  

• Abaphethe amathokheni abalandeli bokuqala bangavotela umbhalo we-armband kakaputeni weqembu, osetshenziselwe ukudlulisa imilayezo ekhuthazayo noma ukusekela imibono yezepolitiki. 
• Okwesibili ukuthi abanikazi bamathokheni abalandeli bangavotela umgomo wonyaka neminye imiklomelo ye-in-club. Abalandeli bangabelana ngemibono yabo futhi bavote ezikhathini ezinethonya elikhulu namalungu eqembu kuyo yonke isizini. 

Intengo yethokheni yabalandeli ithonywa imakethe ye-cryptocurrency nokuduma phakathi kwabalandeli bamaqembu. Amakilabhu amaningi ezemidlalo athengisa lawa mathokheni ngenkampani ye-blockchain Socios, eqhuba ukuthengiswa kokuqala nokuhweba okulandelayo. I-Socios ikhokhela amakilabhu ebhola isamba sokuqala, okulandelwa iphesenti lemali engenayo etholwa ngokuthengiswa kwethokheni yabalandeli kuhlelo lwayo lokusebenza. Amathokheni abalandeli athengiswa ngentengo ethile bese edluliselwa emakethe yesibili. Uma ukuthengisa kufinyelela inani elithile, i-Socios izuza ikhomishini ezinkokhelweni zokuhweba kanye nenzuzo eyengeziwe engamaphesenti angu-50 yethokheni ngayinye ethengisiwe, bese kuthi ibhalansi esele inikezwe iklabhu. 

Imithelela yezinsiza/amathokheni abalandeli

Imithelela ebanzi yokusetshenziswa noma amathokheni wabalandeli ingase ihlanganise: 

• Amaciko, amaqembu ezemidlalo, nabaculi abakhulula amathokheni abalandeli okuthengiswayo okukhethekile nemicimbi ekhethekile.
• Amanye amabhrendi namakilabhu ezemidlalo ajeziswa ngokungaxwayisi abalandeli ngokushintshashintsha kwamathokheni.
• Ukuhwebelana okwengeziwe kwe-crypto kudala amapulatifomu amathokheni abalandeli, okuholela ekuguquguqukeni okwengeziwe kanye nezingozi zokukhwabanisa.
• Abanye abasubathi nabaculi bamelana nokuduma kwamathokheni abalandeli njengokuguqula ithalente futhi banikeze amandla okulawula amakhulu kubalandeli.
• Ukwenyuka kwamacala abhekene nabahlinzeki bethokheni yabalandeli abalandeli abanomuzwa wokuthi badukisiwe futhi bakhangiswa ngamanga mayelana nezinzuzo zamathokheni abalandeli.
• Ohulumeni bethula imithethonqubo eqondene namathokheni abalandeli, okunomthelela ekutheni lawa mathokheni adayiswa kanjani futhi adayiselwa umphakathi.
• Amabhizinisi kwezokuzijabulisa nezemidlalo ajwayelanisa amamodeli awo emali engenayo ukuze afake amathokheni abalandeli, ukushintsha ukuthengisa okuvamile namasu okubandakanya abalandeli.
• Abathengi babhekene nezinselele ekuboneni inani langempela lamathokheni abalandeli, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezimali kanye nokungabaza ezimpahleni zedijithali ezifanayo.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Yiziphi ezinye izinselelo ezingaba khona ekukhipheni amathokheni abalandeli?
• Uma ungumnikazi wethokheni yabalandeli, yiziphi izinzuzo ongafinyelela kuzo?