Izikhangiso ze-VR: Umngcele olandelayo wokumaketha umkhiqizo

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• November 23, 2023

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

I-Virtual reality (VR) iguqula isimo sokukhangisa, inikeze ulwazi olujulile, olusebenzisanayo oludlula izindlela zokuthengisa ezivamile. Izinkampani ezisuka ezinkampanini eziwubukhazikhazi njenge-Gucci kuya emagameni omndeni afana ne-IKEA zisebenzisa i-VR ukuze zibandakanye abathengi ngezindlela ezintsha nezinomthelela. Ngokwenhlolovo yakamuva ye-GroupM, u-33% wabathengi usuvele unomshini we-VR/AR, futhi u-73% uvulekele izikhangiso ze-VR uma kunciphisa izindleko zokuqukethwe. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe bunikeza izindlela ezithembisayo—kusuka ekuguquleni ukukhangisa kwezokuvakasha kuye ekudaleni ulwazi oluzwelayo—futhi kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuhlukaniswa nomphakathi, ubumfihlo bedatha, kanye nokugxila kwamandla embonini yezobuchwepheshe. Amandla okuphazamisa e-VR ekukhangiseni ahambisana nakho kokubili amathuba nokucatshangelwa kokuziphatha.

Umongo wezikhangiso ze-VR

Ukukhangisa kwento engekho ngokoqobo kuhilela ukudala nokuletha okuhlangenwe nakho kokukhangisa okugxilile ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-VR ngaphezu kweziteshi zesikhangiso ezivamile nezedijithali. Isikhangiso se-VR senzeka emhlabeni olingisayo onezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D), okuvumela ababukeli ukuthi bahlanganyele nokuqukethwe ngaphandle kweziphazamiso zangaphandle noma iziphazamiso. Ngokungafani nezikhangiso ze-augmented reality (AR), ukukhangisa kwe-VR akubandakanyi ukuxuba izici zomhlaba wangempela nezilingisiwe. Esikhundleni salokho, amakhasimende athuthelwa ezindaweni ezibonakalayo ezicwiliswe ngokuphelele ezihlukene nezindawo eziwazungezile.

Kusukela maphakathi nawo-2010s, ukukhangisa kwe-VR sekusetshenziswe izinkampani eziwubukhazikhazi nokucabanga phambili ukwakha ukuxhumana okungokomzwelo namakhasimende nokuletha okuhlangenwe nakho okumangalisayo, ngokusho kwe-XR Namuhla. Isibonelo esisodwa esiphawulekayo umkhankaso wevidiyo we-Gucci we-VR ngoKhisimusi wango-2017 kanye nokuphana izipho. Umkhiqizo uphinde wakhipha ifilimu ye-VR yeqoqo layo langaphambi kwekwindla ka-2017.

Ngokusekelwe kunhlolovo ye-2021-2022 ye-Consumer Tech Preferences yesikhungo sokukhangisa, cishe amaphesenti angu-33 ababambiqhaza abike ukuthi banegajethi ye-augmented or virtual reality (AR/VR). Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphesenti angu-15 azwakalise inhloso yokuthenga eyodwa ezinyangeni ezingu-12 ezizayo. Abaphendula baphinde babonisa ukuthambekela okuqinile kokuqukethwe okubandakanya ukukhangisa. Ucwaningo luveze ukuthi amaphesenti angu-73 abaphendulile azimisele ukubuka izikhangiso njalo uma kunciphisa izindleko ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kokuqukethwe. Njengoba izethameli eziningi zisebenzisa okuqukethwe kwe-VR, ukulungela kwazo ukusebenzisa izikhangiso kuveza amathuba abalulekile emikhiqizo.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-VR buthuthuka, bungaqeda isidingo sokuthenga ngefasitela. Inkampani yefenisha i-IKEA yamukele umkhankaso we-VR wokuzama-ngaphambi kokuthenga, ovumela amakhasimende ukuthi asebenzise amafoni awo ukubeka imikhiqizo yenkampani ezindaweni zawo zokuhlala. 

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zamanje zefoni engokoqobo engathandwayo zinikeza izeluleko zangaphambi kwesikhathi ngekusasa le-VR. I-Makeup Genius, uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-L'Oreal lwe-makeover ebonakalayo ye-AR, ivumela amakhasimende ukuthi ahlole imibala ehlukene yezinwele nezitayela zokuzilungisa esebenzisa ikhamera yefoni yawo. Ngokufanayo, uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Gucci lunikeze isihlungi sekhamera esinikeza amakhasimende amazwibela wokuthi izinyawo zabo zizobukeka kanjani emugqeni omusha womkhiqizo wezicathulo ze-Ace. Kodwa-ke, izinguqulo zesikhathi esizayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjalo zizofaka izimonyo nezingubo kuma-avatar ekhasimende ane-photorealistic.

I-Virtual reality ingazuzisa futhi umkhakha wezokuvakasha nowokuvakasha. Izikhangiso zendabuko ngokuvamile ziyasilela ekuthwebuleni ingqikithi yangempela yendawo yeholide. Kodwa-ke, nge-VR, abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukucwiliswa ekushoneni kwelanga okumangalisayo, bavakashele amatshe esikhumbuzo, bahlole izindawo ezikude, futhi baze baxoxe nabantu bomlando.

Ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlangano zingasebenzisa ukukhangisa kwe-VR ukuze ziphindaphinde ukuzizwisa kwangempela futhi zivuse uzwela, zenze izikhangiso zibe nomthelela omkhulu. Isibonelo isipiliyoni se-VR esiyimizuzu engama-20 esakhiwe yi-Stanford University, esihlola imiphumela yokucwasa nokuchema ezilungiselelweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlukumeza okuncane emsebenzini. Ukusabela kwezithameli kokuhlangenwe nakho kwaba kuhle kakhulu, ngamaphesenti angu-94 ezibukeli athi i-VR iyithuluzi eliphumelelayo lokudlulisa umlayezo. I-Scotland isebenzise izimiso ezifanayo ukuze idale isikhangiso sokuphepha emgwaqeni, i-VR esebenzayo ukuze idale okuhlangenwe nakho okugxilile okushayela umlayezo ekhaya.

Imithelela yezikhangiso ze-VR

Imithelela ebanzi yezikhangiso ze-VR ingafaka: 

• Imigqa efiphele phakathi kwezinto ezingokoqobo ne-VR, okuholela ekwandeni kokuhlukaniswa nomphakathi.
• Imithombo emisha yemali engenayo yamabhizinisi, ikakhulukazi kwezemidlalo nokuzijabulisa. Kodwa-ke, kungase futhi kuholele ekuhlanganisweni okwengeziwe kwamandla phakathi kwezinkampani ezimbalwa ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe eziphethe imakethe ye-VR.
• Imikhankaso yezepolitiki eqondiswe kakhulu, enethuba lemiyalezo egxilile nekholisayo. 
• Kuba kubi ukungalingani kwezenhlalo nezomnotho uma ubuchwepheshe be-VR bungafinyeleli kubo bonke.
• Ukuqamba okusha okwengeziwe kubuchwepheshe be-VR, okuholela ezinhlelweni ezintsha namakesi okusetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, kungase futhi kudale izinselele ezintsha mayelana nobumfihlo nokuvikeleka kwedatha, ikakhulukazi uma ubuchwepheshe be-VR buqoqa idatha yomsebenzisi ebucayi.
• Amathuba emisebenzi emisha ekudalweni kokuqukethwe kwe-VR, isu lokumaketha kwedijithali, nokuklama. 
• Okuhlangenwe nakho kokukhangisa okubandakanya abantu abaningi nokuhlukahlukene, okubonisa amasiko nemibono ehlukene. Kodwa-ke, ingaqinisa ukuchema okukhona kanye nemibono ehlukile uma ingaklanywanga ngokucophelela.
• Ukwandisa ukukhathazeka kwesimilo mayelana nokuqoqwa kwedatha okweqile ngamadivayisi e-VR nezinkundla.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Uma ungumnikazi wedivayisi ye-VR, uyakujabulela ukubuka izikhangiso ze-VR?
• Ukukhangisa kwe-VR kungashintsha kanjani futhi indlela abantu abasebenzisa ngayo okuqukethwe?