Amaphuzu e-biometric: I-biometrics yokuziphatha ingase iqinisekise ubunikazi ngokunembe kakhudlwana

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  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• February 13, 2023

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Idatha yokuziphatha yebhayomethrikhi ingase iveze amaphethini ezenzweni zabantu futhi yembule okuningi mayelana nokuthi bangobani, ukuthi bacabangani, nokuthi yini okungenzeka bayenze ngokulandelayo. I-biometrics yokuziphatha isebenzisa ukufunda komshini ukuze ihumushe amakhulu ezilinganiso ze-biometric ezihlukene ukuze kukhonjwe, uqinisekise, ugudluze, uklomelise, futhi ujezise.

Umongo wamagoli we-biometric

Idatha ye-biometric yokuziphatha iyindlela yokuhlaziya ngisho nokuhluka okuncane kakhulu ekuziphatheni komuntu. Ibinzana ngokuvamile liqhathaniswa ne-biometrics engokomzimba noma ye-physiological, echaza izici zomuntu ezifana ne-iris noma izigxivizo zeminwe. Amathuluzi e-biometrics yokuziphatha angakwazi ukuhlonza abantu ngabanye ngokusekelwe kumaphethini kumsebenzi wabo, njenge-gait noma i-keystroke dynamics. Lawa mathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu izikhungo zezezimali, amabhizinisi, ohulumeni, nabathengisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe abasebenzisi. 

Ngokungafani nobuchwepheshe bokuqinisekisa obujwayelekile obusebenza lapho idatha yomuntu iqoqwa (isb, ukucindezela inkinobho), amasistimu okuziphatha ebhayomethrikhi angaqinisekisa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lawa ma-biometric aqhathanisa iphethini yomuntu ngamunye yokuziphatha nokuziphatha okwedlule ukuze kutholakale ubunikazi bakhe. Le nqubo ingenziwa ngokuqhubekayo phakathi neseshini esebenzayo noma ngokurekhoda ukuziphatha okuthile.

Ukuziphatha kungase kuthwetshulwe idivayisi ekhona, njenge-smartphone noma ikhompuyutha ephathekayo, noma ngomshini ozinikele, njengenzwa edizayinelwe ngokuqondile ukulinganisa ukuwela kwezinyawo (isb, ukubonwa kokuhamba). Ukuhlaziywa kwebhayomethrikhi kuveza umphumela obonisa amathuba okuthi umuntu owenza izenzo kube nguye osungule ukuziphatha okuyisisekelo kwesistimu. Uma ukuziphatha kwekhasimende kuwela ngaphandle kwephrofayela elindelekile, izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ezengeziwe zizofakwa, njengezigxivizo zeminwe noma izikena zobuso. Lesi sici singavimbela kangcono ukuthathwa kwe-akhawunti, imikhonyovu yobunjiniyela bezenhlalo, nokukhwabanisela imali kune-biometrics evamile.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Indlela esuselwe ekuziphatheni, efana nokunyakaza, ukuchofoza izinkinobho, nokuswayipha kwefoni, kungasiza iziphathimandla zikhombe umuntu othile ngokuphephile ezimeni lapho izici ezibonakalayo zifihliwe (isb, ukusetshenziswa kwemaski yobuso noma amagilavu). Ngaphezu kwalokho, izixazululo ezincike ekucindezelweni kokhiye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuwena okusekelwe kukhompuyutha zibonise ukuthi ziyakwazi ukuhlonza abantu ngabanye ngokusekelwe emikhubeni yabo yokuthayipha (imvamisa nesigqi kubonakala kuhluke ngokwanele ukuze kutholwe ukuhlonza). Ngenxa yokuthi ukuthayipha kuwuhlobo lokufakwayo kwedatha, ama-algorithms angathuthuka njengoba eqhubeka nokulandelela nokuhlaziya ulwazi lokhiye wokhiye.

Nokho, ezimweni ezithile, umongo ukhawulela ukunemba kwale biometric yokuziphatha. Amaphethini angawodwana kumakhibhodi ahlukene angahluka; izimo ezingokomzimba ezifana ne-carpal tunnel syndrome noma i-arthritis zingathinta ukunyakaza. Kunzima ukuqhathanisa ama-algorithms aqeqeshiwe abahlinzeki abahlukahlukene ngaphandle kwamazinga.

Ngaleso sikhathi, ukubonwa kwesithombe kunikeza abahlaziyi amanani amakhulu edatha engasetshenziselwa ucwaningo lokuziphatha. Noma inganembile noma ithembekile njengezinye izindlela zebhayomethrikhi, i-gait ne-posture biometrics iba ngamathuluzi awusizo kakhulu. Isibonelo, lezi zici zinganele ukuthola ubuwena ezixukwini noma ezindaweni zomphakathi. Amaphoyisa emazweni asebenzisa i-European Union (EU)'s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) asebenzisa idatha ye-biometric, efana nokuhamba nokuhamba, ukuze ahlole ngokushesha izimo ezisongelayo.

Imithelela yamaphuzu e-biometric

Imithelela ebanzi yamaphuzu e-biometric ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ukwanda kokukhathazeka mayelana namandla obuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) okukhomba ngokungeyikho/ukungaqondi ukuziphatha komuntu, ikakhulukazi kwabomthetho, okungaholela ekuboshweni okungalungile.
• Abakhwabanisi abalingisa ukuhambahamba nokuthayipha kwekhibhodi ukuze bangene kumasistimu, ikakhulukazi ezikhungweni zezimali.  
• Amaphuzu ebhayomethrikhi anwebeka abe amaphuzu abathengi lapho abantu abakhubazekile/abangakwazi ukuhamba kancane bengacwaswa.
• Ukwandisa izimpikiswano mayelana nokuthi idatha yokuziphatha yebhayomethrikhi, okuhlanganisa nezinga lenhliziyo, ingafakwa emithethweni yobumfihlo yedijithali.
• Abantu bakwazi ukungena kumawebhusayithi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngokuthayipha amagama abo omsebenzisi.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ingabe uyavuma ukuthi i-biometrics yokuziphatha izoba usizo kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ubuwena?
• Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona lolu hlobo lokuhlonza i-biometric?