Izinto ezisekelwe ku-CO2: Lapho ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kuba nenzuzo

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• November 4, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Iziqalo ze-Carbon-to-value zihamba phambili ekubuyiseleni ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kokuthile okubalulekile. Izibaseli nezinto zokwakha zibonisa ngokuphawulekayo amandla amakhulu okunciphisa i-carbon dioxide (CO2) nokusebenza kwemakethe. Ngenxa yalokho, inqwaba yemikhiqizo yenziwa kusetshenziswa i-CO2, kusukela kutshwala obusezingeni eliphezulu nobucwebe kuya ezintweni ezingokoqobo ezifana nokhonkolo nokudla.

Ingqikithi yezinto ezisekelwe ku-CO2

Imboni ye-carbon tech iyimakethe ethuthuka ngokushesha ebilokhu ithola ukunakwa kubatshalizimali. Umbiko we-PitchBook uveze ukuthi ukuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe besimo sezulu okugxile kubuchwepheshe bokunciphisa ikhabhoni kanye ne-emissions kukhuphule uxhaso lwe-USD $7.6 billion ku-venture capital (VC) engxenyeni yesithathu ka-2023, ludlula irekhodi langaphambilini elabekwa ngo-2021 ngama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.8. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iCanary Media yaphawula ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, ama-climatetech startups angu-633 akhuphule imali, okuwukunyuka kusuka ku-586 ngesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule.

Ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyeni okwenziwa ngo-2021 yi-Global CO2 Initiative yeNyuvesi yaseMichigan, lo mkhakha unamandla okunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni wonke ngamaphesenti angu-10. Le nombolo isho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni kuyisidingo esingenakugwenywa okufanele sifakwe kuhlu lobuchwepheshe obudingekayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nengqikithi yezithako ezibekwe ohulumeni namabhizinisi. 

Ikakhulukazi, amafutha nezinto zokwakha, ezifana nokhonkolo namaqoqo, zinamazinga aphezulu okunciphisa i-CO2 namandla emakethe. Isibonelo, usimende, ingxenye eyinhloko kakhonkolo, unesibopho samaphesenti angu-7 wokukhishwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni jikelele. Onjiniyela balwela ukuguqula ubuchwepheshe obuphathekayo ngokwenza ukhonkolo ofakwe ku-CO2 ongagcini nje ngokubamba amagesi abamba ukushisa kodwa futhi unamandla amakhulu nokuguquguquka kunozakwabo bendabuko. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ukuqalisa okuhlukahlukene kukhulula imikhiqizo ethokozisayo eyenziwe nge-CO2. I-CarbonCure eseCanada, eyasungulwa ngo-2012, ingenye yezinhlangano zokuqala ezifaka ikhabhoni ezintweni zokwakha. Ubuchwepheshe busebenza ngokujova i-CO2 kukhonkolo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuxuba. I-CO2 ejovwe ihlangana nokhonkolo omanzi futhi igcinwa ngokushesha njenge-mineral. Isu lebhizinisi leCarbonCure ukuthengisa ubuchwepheshe bayo kubakhiqizi bezinto zokwakha. Inkampani ibuyisela kabusha lezi zinhlelo zabakhiqizi, izenze amabhizinisi e-carbon tech.

I-Air Company, isiqalo esizinze eNew York kusukela ngo-2017, ithengisa izinto ezisekelwe ku-CO2 ezifana ne-vodka namakha. Le nkampani yaze yakhiqiza i-sanitizer yezandla ngesikhathi sodlame lwe-COVID-19. Ubuchwepheshe bayo busebenzisa ikhabhoni, amanzi, namandla avuselelekayo futhi buwaxube ku-reactor ukuze akhe utshwala obufana ne-ethanol.

Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Twelve yokuqala ithuthukise i-electrolyzer yebhokisi lensimbi esebenzisa kuphela amanzi namandla avuselelekayo. Ibhokisi liguqula i-CO2 ibe igesi yokuhlanganisa (syngas), inhlanganisela ye-carbon monoxide ne-hydrogen. Okuwukuphela komkhiqizo umoya-mpilo. Ngo-2021, i-syngas yasetshenziswa kuphethiloli wokuqala we-carbon-neutral emhlabeni, ongenayo i-fossil. 

Futhi ekugcineni, intambo yokuqala nendwangu ekhiqizwe ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni ebanjiwe kwadalwa ngo-2021 yinkampani ye-biotechnology i-LanzaTech ngokubambisana nempahla yezemidlalo esezingeni eliphezulu yohlobo lwe-lululemon. Ukukhiqiza i-ethanol emithonjeni ye-carbon engcolile, i-LanzaTech isebenzisa izixazululo zemvelo. Le nkampani ihlanganyele ne-India Glycols Limited (IGL) kanye nomkhiqizi wezindwangu wase-Taiwan i-Far Eastern New Century (FENC) ukwenza i-polyester nge-ethanol yayo. 

Imithelela yezinto ezisekelwe ku-CO2

Imithelela ebanzi yezinto ezisekelwe ku-CO2 ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ohulumeni abagqugquzela ukuthwebula i-carbon kanye nezimboni ze-carbon-to-value ukufeza izithembiso zabo ze-carbon net zero.
• Ukwandisa utshalomali ocwaningweni lokuthi i-carbon tech ingasetshenziswa kanjani kwezinye izimboni, njengokunakekelwa kwezempilo nokuhlola indawo.
• Iziqalo eziningi ze-carbon tech ezisebenzisana nezinkampani nemikhiqizo ukudala imikhiqizo esuselwa ku-niche ye-carbon. 
• Amabhrendi ashintshela ezintweni ezisekelwe kukhabhoni kanye nezinqubo zokuthuthukisa izilinganiso zawo zemvelo, ezenhlalo, kanye nokubusa (ESG).
• Abathengi abaqotho bashintshela emikhiqizweni yekhabhoni egaywe kabusha, bashintsha isabelo semakethe baye kumabhizinisi asimeme.
• Intshisekelo ethuthukisiwe yebhizinisi ku-carbon tech okuholela ekwakhekeni kweminyango ekhethekile egxile ekuhlanganiseni lobu buchwepheshe emigqeni yokukhiqiza ekhona.
• Ukunyuka kwesidingo sabasebenzi be-carbon tech okwenza amanyuvesi athuthukise izifundo ezizinikele nezinhlelo zokuqeqesha.
• Ukusebenzisana kwamazwe ngamazwe phakathi kohulumeni ukuze balinganise imithethonqubo ye-carbon tech, ukwenza lula ukuhwebelana komhlaba wonke kanye nokusetshenziswa.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ohulumeni bangawakhuthaza kanjani amabhizinisi ukuthi aguqukele kuzinqubo ze-carbon-to-value?
• Yiziphi ezinye izinzuzo ezingaba khona zokuvuselela ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni?