Umuthi we-DIY: Ukuvukela i-Big Pharma

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• June 16, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Izintengo zezidakamizwa ezikhuphukayo ziphoqa imiphakathi yesayensi nezempilo ukuthi izibambele mathupha ngokukhiqiza imithi ethengekayo. Le nhlangano yemithi ye-DIY inyakazisa imboni yemithi, okwenza izinkampani ezinkulu zicabange kabusha amasu azo entengo futhi zigqugquzele ohulumeni ukuthi bacabange ngezinqubomgomo ezintsha zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Lo mkhuba awenzi nje kuphela ukuthi ukwelashwa kufinyeleleke kalula ezigulini kodwa futhi uvule iminyango kumafemu ezobuchwepheshe kanye nabaqalayo ukuze banikele ohlelweni lokunakekelwa kwezempilo olugxile esigulini.

DIY umuthi umongo

Ukunyuka kwamanani entengo yemithi ebucayi nokwelashwa kuye kwaholela amalungu emiphakathi yesayensi nokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi enze lezi zindlela zokwelapha (uma kungenzeka) ukuze impilo yesiguli ibekwe engcupheni ngenxa yezindleko. E-European Union (EU), izibhedlela zingakhiqiza imithi ethile uma zilandela imithetho ethile.

Kodwa-ke, uma izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo ikakhulukazi zigqugquzelwa ukukhiqiza izidakamizwa ngenxa yamanani aphezulu, kubikwa ukuthi zibhekene nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe okuvela kubalawuli bezempilo, nabahloli baqaphe ukungcola kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezisetshenziswa ukwenza le mithi. Isibonelo, ngo-2019, abalawuli bavala ukukhiqizwa kwe-CDCA eNyuvesi yase-Amsterdam ngenxa yezinto ezingahlanzekile. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2021, i-Dutch Competition Authority yafaka inhlawulo engu-USD $20.5 million kuLeadiant, umkhiqizi ohamba phambili emhlabeni we-CDCA, ngokusebenzisa kabi isikhundla sawo semakethe ngokusebenzisa amasu entengo eqile.   

Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2018 e-Yale School of Medicine lwathola ukuthi isiguli esisodwa kwezine zesifo sikashukela silinganisela ukusetshenziswa kwaso kwe-insulin ngenxa yezindleko zomuthi, okwandisa ingozi yokwehluleka kwezinso, i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, nokufa. E-United States, i-Baltimore Underground Science Space yasungula i-Open Insulin Project ngo-2015 ukuze iphindaphinde inqubo yokukhiqiza i-insulin yezinkampani ezinkulu ezithaka imithi ziphikisana nezinqubo zokubiza amanani ezeqile zemboni. Umsebenzi wale phrojekthi uvumela iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ukuthi zithenge i-insulin nge-USD $7 ibhodlela, okuyisaphulelo esiphawulekayo kusukela enanini layo lemakethe lango-2022 eliphakathi kuka-USD $25 kanye nama-$300 ibhodlela (kuya ngemakethe). 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ukunyuka komuthi we-DIY, okwenziwa ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinhlangano zomphakathi, amanyuvesi, nabakhiqizi abazimele bezidakamizwa, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kumasu entengo ezinkampani ezinkulu zemithi. Lokhu kubambisana kuhlose ukukhiqiza imithi yezifo ezinzima ngezindleko ezingabizi kakhulu, okuphonsela inselelo amanani aphezulu abekwe abakhiqizi abakhulu bemithi. Imikhankaso yomphakathi emelene nalezi zinkampani ezinkulu ingaba nomfutho. Ngenxa yalokho, lezi zinkampani zingase zizizwe ziphoqelekile ukuthi zehlise amanani azo emithi noma zithathe izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokuthuthukisa ukuma kwazo esidlangalaleni, njengokutshala imali ezinhlelweni zezempilo zomphakathi.

Ezinkundleni zepolitiki, inkambiso yemithi ye-DIY ingakhuthaza ohulumeni ukuthi babuyekeze kabusha izinqubomgomo zabo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Amaqembu omphakathi angase afune ukwesekwa nguhulumeni ekwenziweni kwezidakamizwa endaweni ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kanye nokuthuthukisa ukukhuthazela kokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Lesi sinyathelo singaholela emithethweni emisha ekhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwemithi ebalulekile ekhaya, kunciphise ukuncika kubahlinzeki bamazwe ngamazwe. Abenzi bomthetho bangase futhi bacabangele ukwethula imithethonqubo ebeka inani eliphezulu lemithi ethile, okuyenza ifinyeleleke kalula kumphakathi jikelele.

Njengoba imithi iya ibiza kakhulu futhi ikhiqizwa endaweni, iziguli zingase zikuthole kulula ukunamathela ezinhlelweni zokwelapha, okwenza ngcono impilo yomphakathi iyonke. Izinkampani ezikweminye imikhakha ngaphandle kweyemithi, njengezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezisebenza ngokukhethekile kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zezempilo noma amathuluzi okuxilonga, zingathola amathuba amasha okuhlanganyela nalezi zinhlelo zemithi ye-DIY. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kungaholela endleleni edidiyelwe futhi egxile esigulini ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, lapho abantu benokulawula okwengeziwe nezindlela zokwelashwa kwabo.

Imithelela yemboni yemithi ye-DIY ekhulayo 

Imithelela ebanzi yemithi ye-DIY ingabandakanya: 

• Abakhiqizi abakhulu be-insulin, abafana no-Eli Lilly, i-Novo Nordisk, ne-Sanofi, behlisa amanani e-insulin, ngaleyo ndlela behlisa imingcele yabo yenzuzo. 
• Izinkampani ezinkulu zemithi zinxenxa ohulumeni bezifundazwe nohulumeni ukuthi balawule ngamandla (futhi bavimbele) ukukhiqizwa kwemithi ekhethiwe yizinhlangano ezingaphandle kwemboni yendabuko yemithi.
• Ukwelashwa kwezimo ezihlukahlukene (njengesifo sikashukela) ukutholakala kalula emiphakathini ehola kancane, okuholela ekwenzeni ngcono imiphumela yokunakekelwa kwezempilo kulezi zindawo.  
• Ukwenyuka kwentshisekelo nasekuthengisweni kwezinto zokusebenza ezikhiqiza imithi ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi kanye nezinkampani ezizimele ezikhiqiza izidakamizwa. 
• Iziqalo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha zisungulwa ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko nobunkimbinkimbi bokukhiqiza uhla lwemithi.
• Ukwanda kobudlelwane phakathi kwezinhlangano ezizimele, okuholela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo okusekelwe emphakathini ngokwentando yeningi.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi intengo ye-insulin kufanele ilawulwe emhlabeni wonke? 
• Yibuphi ubungozi obungaba khona bemithi ethile ekhiqizwa endaweni uma kuqhathaniswa nezinkampani ezinkulu ezithaka imithi?