Drones a me ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka mālama

Ua hoʻomaka nā kaua drone a ua huki ʻia nā laina kaua. Kū ka pilikino ma kekahi ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hiki i kekahi. Me he mea lā he hakakā kūpono. ʻAʻole pau nā mea hiki, ʻoiai mākou e aʻo nei i kēlā me kēia lā, a ʻo ka pilikino maikaʻi loa hiki ke hana ʻo ia ke hiki i kahi kuʻikahi.

Ke holo wikiwiki nei nā Drones i ka ʻoihana kalepa, mai ke kōkua ʻana i nā mea nona ka waiwai kuai hale i hāʻawi pizza. Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Amazon i kahi leo 60 minuke me kā lākou demo o Amazon Prime Air, kahi ʻōnaehana lawe kūlanakauhale hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i nā pūʻolo i kou puka i ka hapalua hola. ʻO ka drone Octocopter kahi mamao loa mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kūlanakauhale, akā ʻo Jeff Bezos, ka mea hoʻokumu a me CEO o Amazon, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei he manawa wale nō ia.

I ka mahina i hala aku nei, ʻo ka US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) hoʻolaha ʻia nā kahua hoʻāʻo ʻeono no ka hoʻohana drone pāʻoihana. I nā mahina e hiki mai ana, manaʻo ka FAA e kākau i nā lula a me nā lula e pono ai e hoʻohana pono i nā drones a pale i ka pilikino o nā kānaka. I kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau mokuʻāina ka mea i pāpā mua i ka hoʻohana drone pilikino a me ke kānāwai.

Akā ke holo nei nā drones i ka nalu honua, a ke ulu nui nei. Ke hoʻomaopopo nei mākou ʻaʻole nā ​​​​drone wale nō nā mea hana luku, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka pūʻali koa, akā he mau mea hana wale nō. ʻO kā lākou pono e kaupalena wale ʻia e ka noʻonoʻo kanaka.

No ka laʻana, ua lohe paha ʻoe i nā drones e hoʻohana ʻia e hakakā i nā hewa e kūʻē i nā holoholona hihiu ma Nepal? A i ʻole e hoʻolālā i nā hana hoʻopakele orangutan ma Indonesia? A i ʻole e hoʻohana i nā kāmela kiʻi thermal e ʻike ai i nā poachers ma Kenya?

E like me ka ʻoihana kalepa, ʻike nā conservationists i nā hiki me nā drones a ke hoʻohana nei iā lākou e mālama i ke ʻano a pale i nā holoholona hihiu.

Nā Drone a me ka mālama

He pāʻani hou nā drones a me ka mālama. A hiki i kēia manawa, ua nui ke kumukūʻai o nā drones no nā NGO a me nā mea noiʻi e loaʻa. Ma waho aʻe, pono kekahi e lawe i ka lele e hōʻike i kekahi i ke ala.

Nā Drone mālama ua hoʻomaka ʻia e nā polopeka ʻo Lian Pin Koh lāua ʻo Serge Wich. ʻO kā lākou mau noiʻi noiʻi i ka mālama ʻana a me nā mammals i hui pū iā lākou i ka makahiki 2011. ʻO kā lākou noʻonoʻo a me ko lākou ʻimi kamaliʻi ka mea i alakaʻi ai i Conservation Drones.

Koh a ʻO Wich ʻike ʻo ia ʻaʻole ʻo nā drones pāʻoihana he koho no ka waihona kālā noiʻi maʻamau. Pono nā drones e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, me ke ʻano o nā mea pono e pono ai ka poʻe noiʻi, e like me nā kāmela wehewehe kiʻekiʻe.

Ma hope o ka holo ʻana o ka demo ma North Sumatra, Indonesia, Koh a me Wich i ka pane ʻana mai nā hoa noiʻi. Mai ia manawa, ua lele ʻo Conservation Drones a puni ka honua. Aia kekahi mau hui like Noiʻi Drones, a me nā poʻe e piʻi nei e hoʻohana i nā drones no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole.

In Nepala, Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei nā drones e ka WWF a me ka pūʻali Nepal no ka pale ʻana i nā rhinoceros ʻoi aku hoʻokahi-horned mai nā poachers. In Belize, ke noʻonoʻo nei ke keʻena lawaiʻa a me ka Wildlife Conservation Society e hoʻohana i nā drones no ka nānā ʻana i nā hana lawaiʻa hewa ʻole mai ke kahakai. In Kenia, drones - a me chilli pauda - ke hoʻohana ʻia nei e hoʻoweliweli i nā ʻelepani mai nā wahi i ʻike ʻia ka hana poaching.

Ma Indonesia, ka Sumatran Orangutan Conservation Program (SOCP) ke hoʻohana nei i nā drones i nā ala e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai ka hana a CIA operative.

ʻO ka wao ua o Sumatra he ʻano kaiaola waiwai a he home ia no nā holoholona he nui e pili ana i ka pōʻino, e like me nā tigers, rhinos, elephant a me nā orangutans. Ua uhi ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka ululāʻau e ka ʻupena peat, ʻo ia hoʻi nā waihona mālama kalapona. Ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa, mālama ka peatlands e like me ka nui 500 biliona metric tons o ke kalapona, palua ka nui o na laau a puni ka honua. Akā naʻe, uhi wale lākou i ʻekolu pākēneka o ka honua.

Akā, ua hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka ululāʻau a me nā holoholona hihiu mai ke kālai lāʻau (ke kānāwai a me ke kānāwai ʻole), ka ʻai ʻana a me ke ahi ahi. ʻO nā mea kanu aila pāma kahi kumu waiwai nui no ka ʻoihana Sumatran. He ʻuʻuku a maʻalahi ka ulu ʻana o nā lāʻau pama ma ke ea, a ʻo ka ʻaila pāma ka mea ma nā wahi a pau o nā huahana hale, mai ke kopa a i nā mea ʻono. No ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mea kanu, ua mōhai ʻia ka ululāʻau maoli a me kona poʻe kamaʻāina. ʻO ke aupuni, nā mea mahiʻai a me nā mea kaiapuni e hakaka ana kekahi i kekahi ma luna o nā kuleana a me nā kuleana no ke kaiaola no nā makahiki.

Aia ma North Sumatra kahi i hoʻāʻo mua ai ʻo Koh lāua ʻo Wich i kā lākou prototype drone. A ma ʻaneʻi mākou e ʻike ai Graham Usher, He Kauka Hoʻomalu Landscape me ka SOCP, a he loea drone. Ke hoʻohana nei ʻo Usher i nā drones no ka hoʻopakele ʻana i nā orangutans, hakakā i ka hewa a mālama i ka swamp peat waiwai nui.

Ke kaua ʻana i ka hewa a me ka hoʻopakele ʻana i nā Orangutans

Lele ʻo Graham i nā drones ma luna o ka ululāʻau e ʻike i ka hopu ʻana a me ke kālai lāʻau lāʻau, kahi mea maʻamau ma North Sumatra. "He mea hiki ke ʻike pinepine i nā tarpaulins o nā wahi hoʻomoana / hopu holoholona, ​​​​e hiki ai ke kuhikuhi i nā pilikia no ka hana pae honua," wahi a Usher. “ʻEhā mau mea wale nō nā tarpaulins polū i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka ululāʻau: ke kālai lāʻau ʻana i ke kānāwai, ka poʻe hahai holoholona, ​​​​nā mea noiʻi/nā pūʻulu noiʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea minina kānāwai ʻole. ʻIke maʻamau mākou inā aia nā mea noiʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​hui noiʻi a puni. "

ʻO nā hana hewa i ʻike ʻia e nā drones e hōʻike ʻia i nā luna hoʻokō kānāwai o Indonesia. Ma kēia ʻano, kōkua nā drones i ka mālama ʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi ala. ʻAʻole loaʻa i nā luna kūloko nā kumuwaiwai e nānā i ka nahele e like me Graham a me kāna hui.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka mākaʻikaʻi drone e ʻimi i nā wahi ʻāpana o ka nahele kahi e paʻa ai nā holoholona, ​​​​e like me nā orangutans, a pono e hoʻopakele. Noho mau nā Orangutans i ka palekana o nā lāʻau, kakaʻikahi e iho i lalo i ka papahele o ka ululāʻau. Hiki i nā ʻāpana nui o ka ʻāina i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia no ke kālai lāʻau a me nā mea kanu ke waiho iā lākou i paʻa i kahi wahi, kaʻawale mai ka meaʻai a me nā hoa.

Hiki i nā mokulele haʻahaʻa me nā kāmela hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe ke ʻike i nā kumulāʻau a me nā pūnana orangutan i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka nahele.

He mea kōkua nō hoʻi e mālama i nā helu orangutan a me nā hana mālama. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, pono kēia ʻano mālama puke e hoʻouna i kahi hui noiʻi ma ka wāwae e helu i nā pūnana orangutan. ʻO kēia ʻano hana he hana, hoʻopau manawa a weliweli paha, oi aku ma na wahi poho.

Me ka ʻole o nā drones, pono ʻo Graham a me kāna hui e hilinaʻi i nā kiʻi satellite. ʻOiai he manuahi kēia, ʻaʻole maopopo nā kiʻi a ʻaʻohe hoʻonā e pono ai no ke ʻano o ka hana a SOCP e hana nei. Aia kekahi lohi mai ka wā i lawe ʻia ai nā kiʻi, hana ʻia, a loaʻa i ka lehulehu. Hāʻawi nā Drones i ka nānā ʻana i ka manawa maoli, pono ia e hopu i nā mea kālai lāʻau a me nā poachers. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻonohonoho i nā hana hoʻopakele no nā orangutans i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ke ahi a i ʻole ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka nahele. ʻO ke kali ʻana i nā kiʻi ukali e hiki mai ke ola a i ʻole ka make no kahi orangutan.

ʻO ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā Drones a me ka mālama

"I ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻenehana, ʻoi loa i nā ʻōnaehana kiʻi, hiki iā mākou ke lele i nā ululāʻau i ka pō me nā kiʻi kiʻi wela a helu i kēlā me kēia holoholona i ko lākou pūnana," wahi a Usher. "ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻohana ana i nā drones i kau ʻia me nā mea hoʻokipa lekiō e ʻimi i nā hōʻailona mai nā holoholona i loaʻa nā leki uila. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia ma mua o ka hana ʻana i nā ana ʻāina. No nā ʻano nui a ākea, e like me nā elepani a me nā tigers, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana ma mua o ka radiotracking ʻano GPS, ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi o ka hana.

Hoʻopili mau ʻia ka ʻenehana hou no kekahi mau kumu nui: hana lākou i nā mea maʻalahi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, wikiwiki a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea ʻekolu. ʻO ia ka mea e hana ai nā drones no ka SOCP, a me nā mea mālama mālama ʻē aʻe a puni ka honua.

Hana ʻo Marc Goss no ka Mara Elephant Project ma Kenya. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻohana i nā drones e ʻimi i ka poʻe ʻaihue e ʻimi ana i ka niho ʻelepani makamae. Ua ʻike ʻo ia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o lākou makaʻu i nā ʻelepani mai nā poʻe ʻaihue. "Ke manaʻo nei au ua manaʻo lākou he pūʻulu nalo," wahi a Goss.

Hoʻohana ʻo Goss i ka Google Earth a me nā kola i kau ʻia ma GPS no ka nānā ʻana i ke kūlana o nā ʻelepani a ʻike inā e auwana ana lākou ma kahi kokoke i nā ʻāpana me ka hana poaching i ʻike ʻia. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hoʻolālā ʻo ia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā drones me kahi mīkini pana pana pena i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka capsaicin, kahi mea hoʻonāukiuki maoli i loaʻa i nā pepa chilli, e pale aku i nā elepani.

"ʻO nā drones ke kumu o ka mālama ʻana; hiki i kahi drone ke hana i ka mea hiki i 50 rangers ke hana," wahi a James Hardy, luna o ka Mara North Conservancy. "E hiki ana ia i kahi o nā drones ma ke alo o ka poaching. I ka pō hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana iā ia e kiʻi i nā pūlima wela o nā poachers, he ʻelepani make paha inā wikiwiki mākou.

Ua ʻae ʻo Usher i ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā drones, a hauʻoli i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana drone. ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o kekahi mau makahiki i hala, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻenehana. Malia paha ʻo ka lele nui loa e hiki mai ana i loko o ka ʻenehana kiʻi a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻikepili, e like me nā ʻōnaehana kiʻi kiʻi a me ka radiotelemetry tracking o nā holoholona hihiu.