Kukolola kwamadzi mumlengalenga: Mwayi wathu umodzi wachilengedwe pothana ndi vuto la madzi

Madzi ndiye maziko a moyo, koma zimatengera mtundu wa madzi omwe tikunena. Pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi awiri pa zana aliwonse a dziko lapansi amizidwa m'madzi, ndipo ndi madzi ocheperapo awiri okha pa XNUMX aliwonse omwe timamwa komanso omwe timawapeza. Chomvetsa chisoni n’chakuti, timawononga mopambanitsa kagawo kakang’ono kameneka pa zinthu zambiri, monga kusiya pampopi wotsegula, kutsuka zimbudzi, kusamba kwa maola ambiri, ndiponso kumenyana ndi ma baluni. Koma kodi chimachitika n’chiyani madzi abwino akatha? Masoka okha. Chilala chidzakantha minda yobala zipatso kwambiri, kuwasandutsa zipululu zotentha. Zisokonezo zidzafalikira m'mayiko onse, ndipo madzi adzakhala gwero lamtengo wapatali, lamtengo wapatali kuposa mafuta. Kuuza dziko kuti lichepetse kumwa madzi kungakhale mochedwa kwambiri panthawiyi. Njira yokhayo yopezera madzi abwino panthaŵiyo ingakhale mwa kuwatenga m’mlengalenga mwa njira yotchedwa kukolola madzi a mumlengalenga.

Kodi Kukolola kwa Madzi a Atmospheric ndi chiyani?

Kukolola madzi mumlengalenga ndi imodzi mwa njira zomwe zingapulumutse Dziko lapansi kuti lisathe madzi abwino mtsogolo. Tekinoloje yatsopanoyi imayang'ana makamaka madera omwe amakhala m'madera omwe alibe madzi abwino. Imagwira ntchito pa kukhalapo kwa chinyezi. Zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zokometsera zomwe zimasintha kutentha kwa mpweya wonyowa mumlengalenga. Chinyezichi chikafika pa chida ichi, kutentha kumatsika mpaka kumapangitsa mpweya, kusintha mkhalidwe wake kuchoka ku gasi kupita kumadzi. Kenako, madzi abwinowo amasonkhanitsidwa m’ziŵiya zosaipitsidwa. Ntchitoyi ikatha, madziwo amawagwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zingapo, monga kumwa, kuthirira mbewu, ndi kuyeretsa.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Fog Nets

Pali njira zingapo zokololera madzi kuchokera mumlengalenga. Imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri zomwe zimadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde a chifunga. Njira imeneyi imapangidwa ndi mipanda yaukonde yomangika pamitengo m’malo achinyezi, mapaipi onyamula madzi akudontha, ndi matanki osungira madzi abwino. Malingana ndi GaiaDiscovery, kukula kwa mipanda ya chifunga kumasiyana, malingana ndi "malo a nthaka, malo omwe alipo, ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi ofunikira." 

Onita Basu, Pulofesa Wothandizira pa Engineering Engineering pa yunivesite ya Carleton, posachedwapa ali paulendo wopita ku Tanzania kukayesa kukolola madzi mumlengalenga pogwiritsa ntchito maukonde a fog. Iye akufotokoza kuti ukonde wa chifunga umadalira kutsika kwa kutentha kumasintha chinyezi kukhala gawo lamadzimadzi, ndipo akufotokoza momwe ukonde wa chifunga umagwirira ntchito kukolola ndi kutunga madzi abwino kuchokera pachinyontho.

"Chinyezi chikagunda ukonde wa chifunga, chifukwa pali pamwamba, madzi amachoka ku nthunzi kupita kumadzi. Ikangopita ku gawo lamadzimadzi, imangoyamba kudontheza ukonde wa chifunga. Pali malo osungiramo madzi. Madzi amadontha mu ukonde wa chifunga kulowa mopha madzi, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo, amapita ku beseni lalikulu lotolera,” akutero Basu.

Payenera kukhala zinthu zina kuti mukolole bwino madzi a mumlengalenga pogwiritsa ntchito maukonde a chifunga. Kuthamanga kwa mphepo ndi kusintha kokwanira kwa kutentha kumafunika kuti mukolole madzi okwanira kuchokera mumlengalenga. Basu akugogomezera kufunika kwa chinyezi chambiri panjirayi pomwe akuti, “[Maukonde a chifunga] sangathe kupanga madzi pomwe palibe madzi oyambira.

Njira inanso yopezera kutsika kwa kutentha ndiyo kukankhira mpweya pamwamba pa nthaka kupita kunsi, kumene kumakhala malo ozizira kwambiri amene amaumitsa mpweyawo mofulumira. 

Ukhondo wa madzi osonkhanitsidwawo ndi wofunika kwambiri kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino. Ukhondo wamadzi umadalira ngati pamwamba pa madziwo ndi oyera kapena ayi. Ukonde wa chifunga ukhoza kuipitsidwa ndi kukhudzana ndi anthu. 

"Zomwe mumayesa ndikuchita kuti dongosololi likhale loyera momwe mungathere ndikungochepetsani kukhudzana kwachindunji ndi manja, monga manja aumunthu kapena chirichonse, kuchokera kukhudza zomwe zili mu beseni yosungirako," Basu akulangiza.

Ubwino ndi Kuipa kwa Fog Nets

Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti maukonde a chifunga akhale ogwira mtima kwambiri ndikuti saphatikiza magawo aliwonse osuntha. Njira zina zimafuna malo azitsulo ndi zigawo zosuntha, zomwe Basu amakhulupirira kuti ndizokwera mtengo. Komabe, sizikutanthauza kuti maukonde a chifunga ndi otchipa. Amaphimbanso malo okwanira kuti atenge madzi.

Komabe, maukonde a chifunga amabwera ndi zovuta zake. Chachikulu mwa izi ndikuti chimatha kugwira ntchito m'malo omwe kuli chinyezi. Basu adati dera lina lomwe adayendera ku Tanzania ndi dera lomwe likufunika madzi, koma nyengo idauma kwambiri. Choncho, sizingatheke kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi m'madera ozizira kwambiri kapena ouma kwambiri. Cholakwika china ndi chakuti ndi okwera mtengo chifukwa chosagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Basu akunena kuti pali njira ziwiri zokha zopezera ndalama zopezera chifunga: "Muyenera kukhala ndi boma lomwe likuyang'ana mwachangu njira zothandizira anthu ake, ndipo si maboma onse omwe akuchita zimenezo, kapena muyenera kukhala ndi NGO kapena mtundu wina. ya bungwe lina lachifundo lomwe likufuna kupititsa patsogolo mtengo wa zomangamanga. ”

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Majenereta a Atmospheric Water

Pamene njira zamanja zotuta madzi kuchokera mumlengalenga zasiya kugwira ntchito, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono, monga Atmospheric Water Generator (AWG). Mosiyana ndi maukonde a chifunga, AWG imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuti amalize ntchitoyi. Jeneretayo imapangidwa ndi makina ozizirira kuti kutentha kwa mpweya kugwe, komanso njira yoyeretsera madzi. Pamalo otseguka, mphamvu yamagetsi ingapezeke kuchokera ku mphamvu zachilengedwe, monga kuwala kwa dzuwa, mphepo, ndi mafunde. 

Mwachidule, AWG imagwira ntchito ngati dehumidifier mpweya, kupatula kuti imapanga madzi akumwa. Chinyezi chikalowa mu jenereta, mpweya woziziritsa umatulutsa mpweya "mwa kuziziritsa mpweya pansi pa mame ake, kuulula mpweya ku desiccants, kapena kukakamiza mpweya," monga momwe GaiaDiscovery anafotokozera. Chinyezichi chikafika pamadzi, chimadutsa njira yoyeretsera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anti-bacteria air filter. Sefayi imachotsa mabakiteriya, mankhwala, ndi kuipitsa m'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi aziwoneka bwino kwambiri okonzeka kudyedwa ndi anthu omwe amawafuna.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa Atmospheric Water Generators

AWG ndiukadaulo wothandiza kwambiri kukolola madzi kuchokera mumlengalenga, popeza zonse zomwe zimafunikira ndi mpweya ndi magetsi, zomwe zitha kupezeka kuchokera ku mphamvu zachilengedwe. Akakhala ndi makina oyeretsera, madzi opangidwa kuchokera ku jenereta amakhala oyera kuposa madzi opangidwa ndi njira zambiri zotungira madzi mumlengalenga. Ngakhale AWG imafuna chinyezi kuti ipange madzi abwino, imatha kuyikidwa paliponse. Kusasunthika kwake kumapangitsa kuti izitha kupezeka m'malo ambiri azadzidzidzi, monga zipatala, mapolisi, kapenanso pogona kwa anthu opulumuka mphepo yamkuntho. Ndiwofunika kumadera omwe sakhala ndi moyo chifukwa cha kusowa kwa madzi. Tsoka ilo, ma AWG amadziwika kuti ndi okwera mtengo kuposa matekinoloje ena oyambira okolola madzi am'mlengalenga.