Ukukhomba amaprotheni ebuchosheni ukuze kuliwe nokudla ngokweqile

Kubikwa ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla etholwa abesifazane abaningi kunamadoda. E-US kuphela, amadoda atholakale enalesi sifo afinyelela ku-2% kuphela (izigidi ezingu-3.1) wabantu uma kuqhathaniswa no-3.5% wabesifazane (izigidi ezingu-5.6). Ukwengeza, izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu base-US abanenkinga yokudla ngokweqile bakhuluphele. Abantu abanalesi simo bangase basengozini yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isifo samathambo, umdlavuza, nesifo senhliziyo kamuva ekuphileni.  

Uhlolojikelele lwe-binge eating disorder 

Ukudla ngokuzitikayo ukusetshenziswa njalo ukudla okuningi (ngokuvamile ngokushesha futhi ngenkathi uzizwa ungakhululekile) kanye nezikhawu zesikhashana (njalo ngamahora amabili). Ukuhluleka ukuzibamba kuvame ukuvela emzweni wehlazo nomuzwa wecala. Ngenxa yokuncika kokudla ngokomzwelo, imikhuba engemihle njengokuhlanza ingenzeka.   

I-Myelin sheaths ebuchosheni 

Izimpawu ezivela ebuchosheni zidluliselwa ngamasignali kagesi nge imicu yezinzwa. Le micu iphinde igqunywe yisithako samafutha amhlophe esakhiwe ngama-lipids namaprotheni, aziwa ngokuthi i-myelin sheath. Ku-Central Nervous System, ehlanganisa intambo yomgogodla nobuchopho, i-myelin ibizwa ngokuthi ama-oligodendrocytes. Igama elithi myelin sheath lithatha uhlobo lwezandiso zegatsha ezisongwe ezizungeze ama-axon. 

Indima ye-myelin sheaths ekuziphatheni nasekuqondeni 

Ubuchopho bomuntu bukhula kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka eyishumi kuya kweyishumi nambili ubudala. Ucwaningo ezinganeni eziyi-111 ibonise ubudlelwano phakathi kokwakheka kobuchopho nezigaba zokuthuthuka ezihlukene. Kube nokuhlobana phakathi kokuminyana kwe-white mater kumapheshana e-fiber ngaphakathi kwe-frontotemporal kanye ne-corticospinal pathways - okuphakamisa ukuvuthwa kancane kancane okusekela inkulumo nokusebenza kwemisipha.  

Isifundo esivela Izikhungo zaseRomania ezinganeni eziyisikhombisa ezikhuliswe emindenini e-US zibonise ukuhlukahluka kokwakheka kwe-myelin phakathi kwezingane ezikhuliswa ngokuvamile kanye nezingane zokutholwa. Ekugcineni, kwakukhona indaba emhlophe encane ebuchosheni ku-uncinate fasciculus, ikakhulukazi i-amygdala, enesibopho sokuxhuma i-lobe yesikhashana kanye ne-prefrontal cortex. I-amygdala ilawula inkumbulo nokusabela kwemizwelo, kuyilapho i-prefrontal cortex idlala indima ekuthathweni kwezinqumo nokusebenzelana komphakathi.  

Ama-myeling sheaths nokudla ngokuzitika 

Abacwaningi basuka IBoston University School of Medicine (BUSM) isebenzise imephu yofuzo kanye nokuqinisekiswa kofuzo ukukhomba i-cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein 2 (CYFIP2) njengethonya elibalulekile lokudla ngokweqile. UCamron D. Bryant, uprofesa osizayo wesayensi yemithi nengqondo e-BUSM, Ilabhorethri Yezakhi Zofuzo Eziluthayo, wabikezela ukuthi kunezakhi zofuzo ezibangela ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla kanye nokulutheka okuthile.  

Amagundane afundelwa ukuziphatha kwawo ngokuluthwa utshwala nama-psychostimulants. Ngemva kokuzalanisa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, inzalo yabo yabonisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwefa lofuzo nokuhlukahluka kokuziphatha - ngokunembile, indlela yabo yokudla. Ukwengeza, umbhali kanye noprofesa osizayo eJackson Laboratory - ucwaningo oluzimele lwe-biomedical - bathola isibikezelo sokulutha kwe-cocaine esifundeni esifanayo se-chromosol. Kokubili uphenyo lukhomba ukuguqulwa kwe-CYFIP2.  

Ukudla ngokweqile kwakuhlotshaniswa nokuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile ku-striatum, uhlelo lokuvuza lobuchopho. Lesi sakhi sofuzo sidlala indima ekwakheni ama-myelin sheaths. Ukuncipha kwe-myelination akuyona into emele ukudla ngokweqile; kodwa kunalokho, umphumela wokuphindaphinda ukuzitika ngokuziphatha.  

Isixazululo esizwakalayo ukubuyiselwa kwe-myelin kulezo zindawo zobuchopho kubantu ababonisa ukuphazamiseka kokudla kakhulu. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luzobandakanya ukubuyisela emuva ukuziphatha okuhlotshaniswa nokudla ngokweqile njengokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, ukuphoqeleka ngokunikeza imithi yokwelapha ekhuthaza ukuvuselela kabusha nokubuyisela ukusebenza kwezinzwa.