Kuthiwani “ngomuntu” ohlelweni lweshubhu lokuthutha abantu?

I-Hyperloop iba ngokoqobo; umbuzo umncane mayelana nokuthi ingahamba ngesivinini esingakanani, futhi okuningi mayelana nokuthi siyafuna ukugibela kuyo. 

Ingxoxo Yosuku Lokubonga Yokucabangela, Okthoba 2020: 

"Ngakho-ke, ucabanga ukuthi uMama uzokwenzela isidlo sakusihlwa?" 

"Uthi kunezinto okumele azenze, futhi kungenzeka angafiki ngesikhathi..." 

"Woza, iMontreal isele nje isigamu sehora..." 

"Yebo kodwa uyamazi-ngicabanga ukuthi angathatha indlela ende lapha..." 

"Ini? Shayela?? Kulolu suku neminyaka? Mtshele ukuthi avele angene kuHyperloop! 

Ngenkathi umqondo wesistimu yokuthutha i-tube usukhule isikhathi eside, kwathatha isimo se-technogeek-saziwayo sika-Elon Musk oyedwa ukukhiqiza intshisekelo yamanje. Iphepha lakhe elimhlophe lango-2013 lachaza umbono wakhe wesistimu yezokuthutha eshintsha igeyimu esuka e-LA ukuya e-San Francisco eyayishesha, iphephile, ishibhile futhi ihambisana nemvelo (futhi endleleni eshintsha ngokucacile igama elingaqondakali elithi “Human Vacuum Tube Transport” libe ngobuhle— futhi mhlawumbe iyadayiseka--“I-Hyperloop"). 

Amanyuvesi amaningi, izinhlangano zocwaningo kanye nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe zibambe iqhaza ocwaningweni lomthombo ovulekile, umjaho wokuqhamuka nesibonelo esisebenza kahle kakhulu. Izinkampani zisungulwe ngethemba lokubambisana nohulumeni noma izinkampani ezizimele ekuthuthukiseni lezi zinhlelo ezindaweni ezahlukene.     

Futhi nakuba izithiyo zisekhona mayelana nokuklama nokuhlanganiswa ohlelweni lwezokuthutha zomphakathi olusebenzayo, kunokulindelwe okukhulu ngendlela yezokuthutha engase ibe noguquko. Umphakathi ungenelwe ngemibono yokuzulazula kuwo wonke amadolobha nasemazwenikazi, ukuhlambalaza i-geography nesimo sezulu, futhi ngokushesha nje. 

I-Canada iphonse isigqoko sayo sobuchwepheshe eringini, ngezilokotho ze I-TransPod, inkampani ezinze e-Toronto ethembisa ukuba nedizayini ezoqala futhi esebenze kusukela ngo-2020.  I-TransPod ibona ngeso lengqondo iphaseji lase-Toronto-Montreal elinqamula uhambo lokuya emsebenzini lwamahora angu-5 (noma ezokuthutha impahla) ukuya ohambweni lwamaminithi angu-30.     

UDianna Lai unguMqondisi Wezokuxhumana we TransPod, futhi uyachaza ukuthi kungani inkampani yabo ibona isidingo sokwethula uhlobo olusha lwezokuthutha. 

"Sifuna ukuxhuma abantu, amadolobha kanye namabhizinisi ngezinto zokuhamba ezisimeme futhi ezihamba ngesivinini ezingase zicabange kabusha indlela esiphila ngayo nesisebenza ngayo," kusho uNksz Lai. “Ngokuncipha kwamabanga, singakwazi ukukhulisa ukuhwebelana kwabantu nezimpahla, sikhulise ukusebenza kahle kwamabhizinisi afana nokuthuthwa kwempahla, futhi sidale namathuba okukhula kwamadolobha.” 

Ngaphandle kwaseNyakatho Melika, amaphrojekthi kuxoxwa ngawo kuwo wonke umhlaba: I-Scandinavia, Northern Europe, Russia kanye ne-Gulf States wonke abonisa intshisekelo emabhizinisini afanayo, aqaphela ukuthi kungase kube nesithembiso ohlelweni olusha lwezokuthutha olusheshayo, olunomnotho kakhulu. iyasebenza futhi intela encane emvelweni. 

Ngenxa yokuthi isayensi iyathandeka ngempela (Ozibuthe abadonsayo! Hamba endaweni engenalutho engenalutho! Isivinini esingafika ku-1000km/h!), okuningi kwe-hype (okuhlosiwe) bekusekuthuthukisweni kwalobu buchwepheshe: yimuphi umklamo ongenza umqondo uhambe. ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokusebenzisa umhubhe owakhiwe kahle kakhulu, usebenzisa umthombo wamandla ohlanzekile? 

Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi samukele i-Hyperloop njengohlelo lwezokuthutha olukhulu, kufanele siphendule ngokuyisisekelo imibuzo okungekho ubuchwepheshe obungasungula izinto ezintsha, noma akukho mklamo onganqoba-- umgibeli ongumuntu ogabadelayo. Empeleni:  

Singakwazi ukugibela into enesivinini esingaka? Futhi mhlawumbe okubaluleke nakakhulu:  singathanda yini? 

I-Hyperloop ngokubuka nje 

•Ubuchwepheshe obufana ne MagLev izitimela, isetshenziselwa ukumisa okwesikhashana nokuhambisa ama-pods eduze kwe-tube track, ukusheshisa noma ukwehlisa ijubane ekuqhumeni okulawulwa ngekhompuyutha. 

•Imithombo yamandla “eluhlaza”, njengamaseli elanga, ikhiqiza ukunyakaza kwe-pod kanye nokwesekwa kwempilo kanye nokukhanyisa 

•Imizila ehlongozwayo:  LA-San Francisco, LA- Las Vegas, Paris- Amsterdam, Toronto-Montreal, Stockholm-Helsinki, Abu Dhabi-Dubai, Russia -China 

•Izindleko ezilinganisiwe:  kusuka ku-$7B (isilinganiso sika-Elon Musk) kufika ku-$100B (isilinganiso se-NY Times 2013) 

 Okuhle ngeRollercoaster Kubi ngeHyperloop 

Njengoba noma ubani ohambe nge-rollercoaster engafakaza, akusona isivinini esiletha injabulo, kodwa izinguquko kungazelelwe ngejubane noma lapho uya ngakhona. Ngakho-ke ku-Hyperloop, ukukhathazeka kwabagibeli akukhona kokuthi bangabekezelela kanjani isivinini esikhulu uma sebegibele, kuzoba ukuthi bazowaphatha kanjani amandla ahililekile ekushintsheni ukusheshisa, ukwehlisa isivinini kanye nezikhombisi-ndlela. Kudingeka sibhekane nalezi zinguquko ezisheshayo ngoba, ukuze sifinyelele izivinini ezinjalo, umgibeli kufanele azibekezelele ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu kunalezo ezizwakala ekugibeleni amadlingozi epaki lokuzijabulisa.  

Indlela evamile yokusheshisa noma ukwehlisa ijubane iwukuba ukwenze ngokucindezela okukodwa, okukhulu, kufana nokubeka phansi i-gas pedal noma ukushaya amabhuleki. Ukuze bafinyelele isivinini esidingekayo sokuphunyuka, osomkhathi bahlangabezana no-3g's (amandla adonsela phansi aphindwe kathathu komhlaba) phakathi nokwethulwa; abashayeli bezindiza zokulwa kungase kudingeke bamelane nemiphumela yesikhashana efika ku-9g’s ekukhuphukeni okusheshayo noma ukutshuza—imithelela yakho ingaba ngaphezu kokufinyelela isikhwama se-barf. Abashayeli bezindiza noma osomkhathi abasesimweni esiphezulu somzimba baziwa ngokunyamalala ngaphansi kwalezi zimo zengcindezi ekhulisiwe—kuthiwani-ke ngomgibeli ojwayelekile ngaleso sikhathi? 

Kevin Shoemaker, uprofesa waseWestern University, wenze izifundo eziningi mayelana nokugeleza kwegazi kusuka enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni, futhi ikakhulukazi ukuthi amandla okusheshisa nokunciphisa izinga angabathinta kanjani. Uyavuma ukuthi nakuba kuzoba nezinkinga ze-physiological , azinakuxazululeka. 

"Iningi labantu lingakwazi ukubekezelela amandla afinyelela ku-2g," kusho uDkt. Shoemaker. "Ukuze kubhekwane nezinkinga ezingaba khona zokusheshiswa komugqa, akudingekile ukuba senze wonke umgibeli agqoke ama-G-suits e-fighter-pilot.   Ukuhlala behlezi bebheke ngakumzila wethrekhi, isibonelo, kunganciphisa imiphumela yokusheshisa komugqa." 

Isixazululo abaklami be-TransPod bacabanga ukuhlanganisa lezi zikhawu kuwo wonke umzila, ngokwesibonelo, ukukhomba ‘ukuqhuma’ kokusheshisa okungaba ngu-0.1g, okufana nalokho esingakuzwa kumzila ohamba ngaphansi komhlaba osheshayo. Ngokuthepha kancane igesi noma ibhuleki, kwethenjwa ukuthi njengasekusukeni kwendiza nokuhlala phansi, lezi zinguquko zizoncishiswa zibe amazinga abekezeleleka. 

Eqinisweni, yinoma yikuphi ukuchezuka emgqeni oqondile okungaba nomthelela omkhulu kakhulu kumgibeli. Abizwa ngokuthi umfutho we-angular yizazi zefiziksi, lawa amandla aphinda enze ukusonteka nokuphenduka kuma-rollercoaster kujabulise; nabangewona abafuna ubumnandi babhekana nalokhu lapho bexoxisana ngejika elicijile. Ngakho-ke noma yikuphi ukuchezuka kungenza umgibeli wesitimela esingaphansi komhlaba alahlekelwe ibhalansi yakhe; isibonelo, izimoto ezinezindawo eziphakeme zamandla adonsela phansi zingagingqika. 

Izitimela zamanje ezinesivinini esikhulu zinendlela yokutshekisa (noma i-canting) lapho amandla angenayo encishiswa ngokuncika lapho ijika. Njengomgibeli wamabhayisikili obhanga ngesikhathi sokujika noma ukuphakama engxenyeni engaphandle yomjaho wezimoto, lokhu ngokwezinga elithile kumelana nalawa mandla ajikelezayo. I-TransPod ifake ukucaciswa kwe-self-canting kuma-prototypes ayo ukubhekana nokusheshiswa kwe-lateral. Kodwa ngisho nangalezi zindlela, uNksz Lai uyavuma ukuthi ukuchezuka emgqeni oqondile wethiyori -kanye nemiphumela yomfutho we-angular - kuzoba nomthelela esivinini lapho imiklamo yabo izosebenza khona.  

"Asifuni ukweqa i-0.4g ye-acceleration yangemuva, futhi njengoba indawo izosho noma yikuphi ukugoba kwethrekhi, kuzodingeka silungise isivinini sethu ngokufanele." 

Kungase Kuphephe, Kodwa Ingabe Kuzokhululeka? 

Ukunqoba lezi zindaba empeleni kuyisiqalo; ngoba ukuze okuthile kubhekwe njengokuthutha abantu abaningi ngempela, akumele kuphephe kuphela kodwa futhi kube ntofontofo - hhayi nje kubahambi bebhizinisi, kodwa futhi nakugogo, umntwana osacathula, noma lowo okungenzeka ukuthi unesimo sezempilo. Akuwona wonke umuntu ozogibela okuthile ngoba nje kuyashesha, ikakhulukazi uma ukuhwebelana kuwuhambo lokuya emsebenzini olunzima noma olungakhululekile.  

Abaklami bakwa- TransPod bafake i-ergonomics kumamodeli wabo wedizayini nama-prototypes ngoba bayabona ukuthi ingqondo yomgibeli ekhululekile futhi efinyelelekayo ibalulekile kubantu abafuna ukuzama okuthile okusha. 

"Lokhu kungenye yezinto esizicabangela kakhulu e-TransPod," kusho uNksz Lai. “Umklamo wethu uqinisekisa ukuthi ukugibela kuzoba ntofontofo nakakhulu kunalokho okuthola endizeni noma esitimeleni. Sihlanganisa izinto ezithile ezibalulekile ohlelweni lwethu lokudonsa amanzi ukuze sisingathe inani lokudlidliza lolu hlelo olusha oluzobhekana nalo ngesivinini esikhulu.”  

Idizayini ye-ergonomic ingase idlulele nje ngokudala izihlalo ezikhululekile. USolwazi Alan Salmoni uphetha ngokuthi ngenxa yokuthi sibhekene nombono omusha mayelana nesivinini namandla, kungase kudingeke ukuthi siphinde sivakashele imithelela engaba khona yokunyakaza okuphindaphindayo nokudlidliza, okungaba kusukela ekunyakazeni kwemoto yomgibeli, noma izinsimbi nezinjini ezinikeza amandla. yona. 

"Kulezi zivinini, sinezifundo ezilinganiselwe zezinto manje esizithatha kalula, njengemiphumela yokudlidliza, kungaba ngokwesikhashana noma isikhathi eside emzimbeni womuntu," uDkt. Salmoni kuchaza. "Manje nakuba imiphumela ingekho ngempela kubagibeli abagibele izitimela zezinhlamvu, isibonelo, asinaso isiqiniseko sangempela ngale miphumela ngesivinini esiphezulu kakhulu, noma uma kukhona amaza okudlidliza anamandla kakhulu athinta umzimba womuntu." 

“Ikakhulukazi uma kunesimo sezempilo esifihlekile, njengemithambo yegazi ebuthakathaka, noma uma umuntu ethambekele ekubeni ne-retina… ingaba sengozini enkulu? Ngeqiniso angikwazi ukusho.” 

UDkt. Shoemaker uyavuma futhi uphakamisa ukuthi izimvume zokwelashwa ezitholwa ngaphambi kokuhamba ngendiza kufanele futhi zidingeke kumhambi we-Hyperloop ocabangelayo. Eqinisweni, ubona ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwe-Hyperloop njengendawo yokuqhubekisela phambili izintshisekelo zakhe zocwaningo. 

"Ngingathanda ukuvolontiya ukuze ngingene kwenye yalezi (pods) futhi ngilethe zonke izinsimbi zami futhi ngenze izilinganiso zokuthi umzimba womuntu uzosabela kanjani kulezi zinguquko ezisheshayo zejubane noma indlela." 

Noma Sifuna Ukuyigibela, Ingabe Izokwakhiwa? 

Ngenkathi okunye ukuqagela kwezomnotho kuthembisa ukuthi i-Hyperloop izoba eshibhile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukutshalwa kwezimali engqalasizinda kuzosho ukufakwa kwenani elikhulu lemali. Izilinganiso ziyahlukahluka kakhulu ngoba izibalo kuzodingeka zifake izindleko ezingaphandle kokwakha ithrekhi, isibonelo, indawo kufanele yabelwe uhlelo, futhi kuxhunyanwe nabahleli bedolobha mayelana nokuthi iziteshi kufanele zifakwe kuphi. Futhi ukwenza izinhlelo ezifana ne-Hyperloop zibe ngokoqobo, ohulumeni nemiphakathi kufanele bazinikele ngokuphelele ekuthuthukisweni kwabo. 

Izinkampani ezifana ne- TransPod  ziyaqaphela futhi ziyasiqonda isimo sengqondo ‘sokulinda ubone’ esivame kakhulu phakathi kwabangase babe ababambiqhaza, ikakhulukazi ngobuchwepheshe obusha, obuphazamisayo futhi obubizayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-TransPod ibe ibamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni nohulumeni mayelana nendlela engcono kakhulu yokusebenzisa le sistimu, ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zabo ezicatshangwayo.    

Esinye isicelo sokuqala, isibonelo, esokuthutha impahla. Lokhu ngeke nje kugqamise izinzuzo zezomnotho zokuthutha izimpahla ngenani elisheshayo, kodwa kungase futhi kuqale ukujwayelanisa umphakathi nesistimu futhi kusize uguquko lokufaka abagibeli ekugcineni.