Ishaja yefoni yemvelo: Isizinda samandla sakusasa

I-E-Kaia iyishaja yocingo eyisibonelo esebenzisa amandla engeziwe avela kumjikelezo we-photosynthetic wesitshalo kanye nama-microorganisms enhlabathini ukuze kwakhe ugesi. I-E-Kaia yaklanywa u-Evelyn Aravena, uCamila Rupcich, kanye noCarolina Guerro ngo-2009, abafundi baseDuoc UC, kanye no-Andrés Bello University eChile. I-E-Kaia isebenza ngokugqiba ingxenye ye-bio-circuit enhlabathini eduze kwesitshalo. 

Izitshalo zidonsa umoya-mpilo, futhi lapho kuhlanganiswa namandla avela elangeni, zidlula emjikelezweni wokugaya ukudla okuthiwa i-photosynthesis. Lo mjikelezo udala ukudla kwesitshalo, okunye okugcinwa ezimpandeni zaso. Phakathi kwezimpande kukhona ama-microorganisms asiza isitshalo ukuthi sithathe imisoco bese sithola ukudla. Ama-microorganisms abe esesebenzisa lokho kudla emijikelezweni yawo ye-metabolic. Kule mijikelezo, imisoco iguqulwa ibe amandla futhi phakathi nenqubo amanye ama-electron ayalahleka - amuncwa emhlabathini. Yilawa ma-electron idivayisi ye-E-Kaia esiza ngawo. Akuwona wonke ama-electron avunwa kule nqubo, futhi isitshalo nama-microorganisms aso awalinyazwa kule nqubo. Okuhle kunakho konke, lolu hlobo lokukhiqiza amandla, nakuba luluncane, alunawo umthelela kwezemvelo njengoba lungakhiphi izinto ezikhishwayo noma imikhiqizo ephumayo eyingozi njengezindlela zendabuko.

Okuphumayo kwe-E-Kaia ngama-volts angu-5 kanye nama-amps angu-0.6, okwanele ukushaja ifoni yakho cishe ngehora nesigamu; uma kuqhathaniswa, ukuphuma kweshaja ye-Apple USB kungu-5 volts no-1 amp. Ipulaki ye-USB ihlanganiswe ne-E-Kaia ukuze amashaja amaningi efoni noma amadivayisi asebenzisa i-USB akwazi ukuxhuma futhi ashaje ngezilokotho zemvelo. Ngenxa yokuthi ilungelo lobunikazi leqembu lisalindile, okucacisiwe ku-E-Kaia bio-circuit akukakatholakali, kodwa ithimba lithemba ukuthi lingaqala ukusabalalisa idivayisi kamuva ngo-2015. 

Ngokufanayo, i-Wageningen University eNetherlands ithuthukisa i Isitshalo-e. I-Plant-e isebenzisa isimiso esifanayo ne-E-Kaia lapho ama-electron avela kumagciwane asenhlabathini anika amandla idivayisi. Njengoba idivayisi ye-Plant-e inelungelo lobunikazi imininingwane isikhishiwe ukuthi isebenza kanjani: I-anode ifakwa emhlabathini, futhi i-cathode ezungezwe amanzi ifakwe eduze kwenhlabathi ehlukaniswe ulwelwesi. I-anode ne-cathode zixhunywe kudivayisi ngezintambo. Njengoba kunomehluko wokushaja phakathi kwendawo okukuyo i-anode ne-cathode, ama-electron ageleza esuka enhlabathini adlule ku-anode ne-cathode aze ayongena kushaja. Ukugeleza kwama-electron kukhiqiza amandla kagesi futhi kunika amandla idivayisi.